Contributions of different land cover types in Otindag Sandy Land and Bashang area of Hebei Province to the material source of sand stormy weather in Beijing

Different land cover types in Otindag Sandy Land and Bashang area of Hebei Province are linked to a material source of sand stormy weather in Beijing based on results of field vegetation and soil survey and laboratory works. Results of grain size analysis show that dust release potential in per unit area of moving sandy land is small,while lowland meadow and meadow steppe in stony hills have high potential of releasing dusts in per unit area during sand stormy weather occurrence. Further considering the effects of vegetation, it is inferred that the moving sandy land served as a material source of past dust storm and the possibility of dust release in per unit area is low in current time.Typical steppe in stony hills is undergoing desertification and its dust release possibility in per unit area is high. Farmland has strong potential of release dusts when they are ploughed in spring, but a large amount of therophytes grow and thus prevent dusts from release when cultivation was terminated.Potentials of dust release in per unit area in fixed sand dunes,stony mountain meadow steppe and low land meadow are lowdue to high cover of perennials. Sand dune reactivation and desiccation of lakes and lowlands under estimated future climatic change will make them serve as a future material source of sand stormy weather.     

Climatic significance of stable carbon isotope in tree rings of Abies spectabibis in southeastern Tibet

The annually cross-dated stable carbon isotope of tree-ring a-cellulose of Abies spectabibis collected from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau is used to examine its rela-tionship with climatic parameters. The residual D13C series in treerings is constructed after removing the effects of age trend and rising CO2. We found a close relationship between D13C in tree rings and the relative humidity of September—November of the previous year measured at the nearby Ny-ingchi Meteorological Station, albeit a strong 搇agged effect? Thus we developed a transfer function to reconstruct the autumn relative humidity for the Nyingchi region, which explained 37.9% of the total variance (p < 0.001). Our results suggest a high frequency and moderate amplitude variance of the relative humidity before 1800, and the variance re-versed afterwards.     

电铲铲斗齿的修复工艺

通过分析铲斗齿的磨损原因，提出了采用堆焊的方法对铲斗齿进行修复。详细介绍了铲斗齿的修复工艺，堆焊材料的选择及堆焊时应注意的事项。实践表明，此修复工艺切实可行，取得了令人满意的效果。     

开关线性复合变换低阻输出特性对系统的优化

为了在现有电力电子技术基础上进一步提高功率变换器的综合性能，揭示了一种由电力电子开关电路与线性电路有机结合而派生的开关线性复合功率变换器(SLH)。简述了该类变换器的基本工作原理，列举了并联型和串联型两种电路拓扑及其特点，说明了SLH的低阻输出特性对提高功率变换器静动态性能的作用，并对SLH与典型的PWM LC滤波单元的变换器进行了比较分析，给出了用于电源和传动系统不同负载条件下的测试数据和典型波形。结果表明，SLH在高效与优波兼顾、多类负载适应性和抗负载扰动能力方面具有综合优化性能。     

梯度型聚合物光纤预制棒折射率分布的间接测试

利用紫外光对溴苯（BB）的吸收作用，采用紫外吸收光谱法对PMMA－BB梯度型聚合物光纤预制棒的折射率分布进行了间接测试，详细介绍了这种紫外有机光谱法的测试原理及方法，测试结果表明，所制备的预制棒的折射率分布是呈抛物线分布，但在最佳理论分布有着一定的偏差，与Lorentz-Lorenz模拟方程的结果相对接近。同其他复杂的测试方法相比，紫外光谱法所需仪器普通，测试简便，不失为实验室中较为简单易行的一种预制棒折射率分布测试方法。     

数字图像中照度不均匀校正技术研究

为了消除数字图像中的照度不均匀性，对现有数字图像的照度不均匀校正技术进行了归类和讨论．分析了这些方法在计算误差上的内在原因，并在此基础上提出了基于小波变换的数字图像照度不均匀校正技术．该技术兼顾了数字图像的频域和空域，使得采用本方法校正后的图像具有品质优，计算误差小和时间消耗较少等特点．     

狐狸在两型包虫病传播途径中所起的重要作用

本旨在通过回顾全球范围内对两型包虫病(细粒棘球蚴病cystic echinococcosis．CE；多房棘球蚴病alveolar echinococcosis,AE)的生态学和流行病学研究现状，结合对狐狸与寄生虫病关系的生态学研究成果，探讨狐狸与两型包虫病传播之间的关系。全总结了世界各重要地区两型包虫病的流行与狐狸之间的关系，叙述了我国对于两型包虫病的生态学研究现状，指出我国分布的三种狐狸均为该病的终末宿主，同时强调我国在这方面的研究刚刚起步，狐狸的野生动物包虫病生态学研究几乎空白，本指出，犬科等野生动物以及一些家善对于寄生虫病，尤其是人畜共患寄生虫病的传播起着非常重要的作用，同时就寄生虫病和其他疾病导致濒危物种受到严重威胁的现状进行了探讨，认为关于对包虫病易感的珍稀物种的保护的生物学的研究应该在今后的研究中得到充分重视。     

Alford力中效率系数的一种计算方法

研究了叶轮偏心引起的气流激振的机理和Alford的计算方法，利用B.Lakshmiarayana公式推导了一个包括叶栅参数和流动参数的效率系数ε的新计算公式，解决了Alford公式中需人为选取效率系数的困难，为提高转子系统的稳定性分析提供了理论依据．     

一种基于偏微分方程的形态学边缘检测新方法

提出一种基于偏微分方程(PDE)的形态学腐蚀算子．在边缘检测中，直接对原图像求取一阶差分，利用该形态学腐蚀算子增强边缘梯度、降低噪声的影响，突破了传统的先低通滤波后计算梯度的边缘检测思路．形态学运算不会带来边缘位置的偏移，因此能够对图像的边缘准确定位，同时具有抗噪性．将新方法的边缘检测性能和Canny算子、Log算子做了比较，结果表明提出的边缘定位方法更加准确，具有更好的抗噪性能．     

贫困山区的旅游资源及其开发利用

贫困山区蕴藏着极其丰富的旅游资源.合理开发利用旅游资源，是山区人民脱贫致富的重要途径.本文对我国贫困山区旅游资料的现状优势和发展方向进抒了探讨，在此基础上提出了合理开发利用的对策与思路．