Drift characteristics of green macroalgae in the Yellow Sea in 2008 and 2010

In order to investigate the aggregation mechanism of green macroalgae (Enteromorpha prolifera) on the Qingdao coastline, the macroalgal drift characteristics in the Yellow Sea during June and July in 2008 and 2010 were simulated using a three-dimensional wave-tide-circulation coupled model. In June 2008, the monthly-mean surface current flowed onshore and its direction was almost perpendicular to the Qingdao coastline, which was identified as the main reason for a huge accumulation of algae in the coastal waters off Qingdao. The current became parallel to the coastline in July 2008; this shift in current direction led to little accumulation of algae near Qingdao and thus relieved the environmental pressure on the Olympic sailing events. By using the coupled model, we predicted that there would be no serious algal accumulation at Qingdao in late June 2010, which was later confirmed by observations. This study demonstrated that the drift path of macroalgae near Qingdao is mainly controlled by the surface current, which is primarily driven by wind. Regional climate change is therefore one of the means by which physical processes affect marine ecosystems.     

Channel model of pinhole gamma camera

The pinhole gamma camera is the basis of the newly developed method of high-resolution pinhole single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In this paper, a pinhole gamma camera system was examined using the channel model of information theory. The model pinhole gamma camera was simplified from a noisy, lossy channel to a noiseless, lossless channel by assuming a plane source. An approximate formula of average mutual information for the pinhole gamma camera was then derived from the model. Imaging experiments validated the applicability of the analytic formula. The findings demonstrated that the pinhole gamma camera can be adequately described using the channel model of information theory, and that average mutual information can be considered a figure of merit for the optimizing design of the pinhole gamma camera.     

Magnetic properties of surface soils across the southern Tarim Basin and their relationship with climate and source materials

The magnetic susceptibility (χ) of surface soils on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) has strong positive correlation with mean annual precipitation.It is widely accepted that ultrafine magnetite/maghemite grains produced during pedogenesis are responsible for the enhancement of χ,and loess χ on the CLP has been widely used as a proxy for the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon.However,few works have investigated mechanisms for the enhancement of χ in the case of surface aeolian sediments in westerly-dominated inland China,north of the Tibetan Plateau.Here detailed rock magnetism and grain size studies of 49 surface samples taken across the southern Tarim Basin for different rainfall/temperature/altitude conditions are presented.The results show that samples taken from desert have the lowest χ values and that χ of loessic sand and loess samples decreases with increasing altitude.In addition,the rock magnetism studies suggest that the magnetic properties of surface soils across the southern Tarim Basin are mainly controlled by the concentration of coarse aeolian ferrimagnetic minerals.The contribution of ultrafine pedogenically produced magnetic grains to χ is very limited.     

3,5-二羟基苯甲醇的合成工艺改进

以3,5-二羟基苯甲酸为原料,经酰化、硼氢化钠,碘还原体系还原,合成了3,5-二羟基苯甲醇.改进后的工艺操作简便,成本低廉,有利于工业化生产.     

Chemical quenching and inhibition of positronium in Cr<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>/Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> catalysts

The pore structure of Cr2O3/Al2O3 catalysts and the surface chemical properties of these pores were characterized by positron lifetime and coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) measurements. Four lifetime components could be resolved from the positron lifetime spectrum, with two long lifetime components and two short lifetime components. The two long lifetimes τ4 and τ3 are attributed to ortho-positronium (o-Ps) annihilation in large pores and microvoids, respectively. With increasing Cr2O3 content, both τ4 and its intensity I4 show sharp decrease, while τ3 and its intensity I3 keep nearly unchanged. The Doppler broadening S parameters also show sharp decrease with increasing Cr2O3 content. Detailed analysis of the CDB spectrum reveals that the parapositronium (p-Ps) intensity also decreases with increasing Cr2O3 content. This indicates that the change of o-Ps lifetime τ4 is due to the chemical quenching by Cr2O3 but not spin-conversion of positronium. The decrease of o-Ps intensity I4 indicates that Cr2O3 also inhibits positronium formation.     

西藏拉萨市抗菌药物使用情况调查分析——以西藏自治区第二人民医院为例

目的：调查分析西藏拉萨市抗菌药物使用情况。方法：随机抽取2009年度住院患者病历300份,对抗菌药物的使用种类、用药频率、联合用药等进行调查并加以统计分析。结果：300例住院病历中使用抗菌药物的病历有270例,占总病历数的90%;抗菌药物使用频率最高的种类是青霉素类;一联、二联、三联、四联用药率分别为73.33%、22.59%、3.33%、0.74%。结论：经调查,临床住院病人抗菌药物使用存在不规范、不合理现象,应加强对临床抗菌药物使用的监督,合理规范使用抗菌药物。     

合作研发中的双边道德风险和利益分配

针对合作研发中研发能力和谈判能力对利益分配和研发模式的影响,运用纳什谈判解,构建了存在双边道德风险的合作研发联合生产模型.研究表明:合作研发实现的净收益随参与方研发能力的增强而增大.分析了合作双方研发能力和谈判能力对最优线性分配比例的影响,得到以下结论:一方所得分配比例随自身研发能力的增强而增大,随对方研发能力的增强而减小,但与双方的谈判能力无关.考察了研发模式的选择与研发能力的关系:只有当合作研发能实现正的合作净剩余时,企业才会采用合作研发的模式;当研发能力差距悬殊时,实力较弱一方应将研发业务外包给实力较强一方.     

含硫希夫碱配合物的研究Ⅱ.由S-苄基二硫代肼基甲酸酯衍生的希夫碱配合物

从S-苄基二硫代肼基甲酸酯(H_2NNHCSSCH_2C_6H_5)衍生出的两种希夫碱——邻氯苯甲醛希夫碱O—CIC_6H_4CHNNHC(S)SCH_2C_6H_5和亚苄基丙酮希夫碱C_6H_5CHCHC(CH_3)NNHC(S)SCH_2C_6H_5为配体,合成了与镍和铜的四种新的螯合物。对这些配合物进行了化学分析以及电导,磁性、紫外-可见光谱和红外光谱等性质的研究。结果表明,Ni(Ⅱ)与上述两种配体形成具有[NiA_2]和[NiB_2]形式的反磁性的平面正方形配合物,其中配体为单价双齿阴离子配体。Cu(Ⅱ)与邻氯苯甲醛希夫碱形成反磁性的Cu(Ⅰ)配合物[Cu(HA)A]。Cu(Ⅱ)与亚苄基丙酮希夫碱形成室温下磁矩为1.44B.M.的双核配合物[Cu_2Cl_2B_2],其中每个Cl桥与两个Cu(Ⅱ)相连,每个Cu(Ⅱ)具有平面正方形的配位结构。     

含铍离子Be^＋,（BeO）^＋及（BeO2）^＋的从头计算研究

本文用量子化学从头计算方法对Be~ 、(BeO)~ 及(BeO_2)~ 等含铍一价正离子作了计算和研究。优选了(BeO)~ 及(BeO_2)~ 的平衡构型,获得了它们的能量和集居数。(BeO)~ 的平衡核间距为1.43A,能量极小值为-87.96291 Hartree。(BeO_2)~ 的平衡构型为[O-Be-O]~ 直线构型,其中Be-O键长为1.535A,能量极小值为-161.83475 Hartree。认为该类离子能稳定存在的原因是由于Be与O之间共价键的形成。     

基于覆盖的程度粗糙集模型

在基于覆盖的粗糙集模型的基础上,引入分类误差,建立了基于覆盖的程度粗糙集模型,并讨论了该模型的一些相关性质.