Mechanical and corrosion properties of low-carbon steel prepared by friction stir processing

Low-carbon steel plates were successfully subjected to normal friction stir processing(NFSP) in air and submerged friction stir processing(SFSP) under water, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the NFSP and SFSP samples were investigated. Phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization resulted in fine-grained ferrite and martensite in the processed zone. The SFSP samples had smaller ferrites(5.1 μm), finer martensite laths(557 nm), and more uniform distribution of martensite compared to the NFSP samples. Compared to the base material(BM), the microhardness of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 19.8% and 27.1%, respectively because of the combined strengthening effects of grain refinement, phase transformation, and dislocation. The ultimate tensile strengths(UTSs) of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 27.1% and 38.7%, respectively. Grain refinement and martensite transformation also improved the electrochemical corrosion properties of the low-carbon steel. Overall, the SFSP samples had better mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion resistance than the NFSP samples.     

利用伪速度方法压制浅海鬼波

采用基于用传统方法获取的海上单分量地震资料, 估算出同一位置速度的垂直分量(伪速度), 再与单分量压力数据联合, 达到压制鬼波的目的。将稀疏约束的反卷积方法作为鬼波压制的关键环节, 使得在浅海环境下, 由海水表面引起的检波器端上、下行波干涉产生的陷波问题得到改善, 同时低频能量得到增强, 提高了数据的分辨率。该方法可用于海上单分量压力数据的再处理, 拓宽数据的频带范围。     

不同农药残留标准下家庭农场种植行为选择

文章建立了政府与家庭农场农户之间的博弈模型,探讨在不同农药残留标准下政府如何对生态种植行为进行激励.研究表明,在宽松的农药残留标准下,政府可通过征收农药税等方式提高农药成本来激励农户选择生态种植,生态补贴及超标罚款的效果不明显;在严格的农药残留标准下,当农产品抽查难度较大时,政府可选择降低检查概率,同时大幅度提高农药价格来增加农户使用生态种植的动机;当政府对农药成本控制力较低或农药价格增量的边际效益较小时,政府应提高其检查概率,同时提高对于农药残留超标的罚款及生态种植的补贴来激励农户使用生态种植.     

全数字光纤传感测试系统的设计

为克服传统光纤传感测试系统器件分散性大、过程复杂等局限性，结合红外光电传感及物联网技术，设计了全数字光纤传感测试系统。该系统以MCU( Micro Control Unit) 为主控单元，采用红外接近传感器作为IＲLED( Infrared Light Emitting Diode) 驱动以及光电转换输出单元，ＲTC ( Ｒeal-Time Clock) 芯片及EEPＲOM( Electrically-Erasable Programmable Ｒead-Only Memory) 进行时间读取及光电数据的实时存储，WiFi ( Wireless Fidelity) 模块实现光电数据的网传、按键及LCD( Liquid Crystal Display) 显示单元完成人机交互等功能。实验结果表明，该系统可用于特殊环境下的非接触物体检测与颜色识别等场合，为进一步实现光纤传感测试系统的小型化及智能化提供了一种可行性方案。     

Caputo型分数阶差分方程解对初值的连续依赖性

本文利用广义Gronwall不等式和离散Mittag-Leffler函数的性质,证明了一类Caputo型分数阶差分方程解对初值的依赖性。     

甘露糖醛酸寡糖增敏环丙沙星抑制大肠埃希菌机制的研究

通过考察大肠埃希菌(Escherichia.coli)体内环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin, CPFX)的含量以及联用不同浓度甘露糖醛酸寡糖(MOS)对CPFX抑制E.coli效果的影响，探讨了MOS增敏CPFX抑制E.coli活性的作用机制.在菌液中加入CPFX和不同质量浓度的MOS,37℃培养150 min,观察抑菌效果，并用HPLC法测定E.coli体内CPFX的含量，同时通过激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)观察E.coli体内CPFX的荧光强度进行验证.还考察了Ca²⁺对MOS增敏CPFX抑菌效果的影响.结果显示：CPFX与高浓度的MOS联用时，E.coli体内CPFX的含量较低；与较低浓度的MOS联用时，E.coli体内CPFX的含量较高，与其抑菌实验联用MOS高浓度时拮抗，低浓度时增敏的结果一致.Ca²⁺的加入，在一定程度上逆转了高浓度MOS与CPFX的拮抗作用.该研究可为新型抗菌增效剂的开发和抗耐药菌感染的临床应用提供参考.     

CoPt-Co hybrid supported on amino modified SiO_2 nanospheres as a high performance catalyst for hydrogen generation from ammonia borane

CoPt-Co hybrids were successfully supported on amino modified SiO_2 nanospheres by a chemical reduction method at a temperature of 278 K.The solid carrier i.e.amino modified SiO_2,provides numerous anchoring sites for the metal nanoparticles(NPs)to improve the dispersion while reducing the size of metal NPs.The supported NPs displayed a narrow particle size distribution on the SiO_2 surface with an average diameter of 12 nm.The XRD results alongside with the binary alloy phase diagram suggest that the resulted NPs are bimetallic,composed of CoPt and amorphous Co.Among the prepared materials,the solid with the specific composition of SiO_2@Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)was proved to be effective catalyst for ammonia borane(AB)hydrolysis in aqueous solution.The turnover frequency(TOF)value of the supported nanocatalyst was 25.59mol_(H_2)min~(-1)·mol_M~(-1),almost twice as that of unsupported Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)NPs while the activation energy was 37.05 kJ mol~(-1).Furthermore,the SiO_2@Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)composite manifested high catalytic activity even after five cycles of reuse.     

基于神经网络动态优化的再入轨迹设计

为解决当飞行器出现破损以及飞行器受干扰时的轨迹优化问题,新一代的再入式飞行器需要有实时在线轨迹优化的能力。神经网络动态优化算法(neural dynamic optimization,NDO)的主要特点是能使神经网络逼近最优解。神经网络动态优化算法可以避免传统的间接法在求解轨迹优化问题时协态变量初值猜测问题。给出了神经网络动态优化的原理,详细介绍了优化流程。仿真结果表明神经网络动态优化算法可以很好的避免协态变量初值猜测问题,具有较强的鲁棒性,能满足实时性要求。     

分子非线性光学性质的量子化学研究

非线性光学是研究介质在强光作用下产生的非线性光学现象及其应用.以有机非线性光学材料苯并噻唑衍生物和花青苷衍生物共6个分子为代表,根据密度泛函理论优化其分子结构,从而得到它们稳定的分子构型,通过分析键长键角、共轭链长度、轨道图像、跃迁能振子其强度以及二阶非线性光学系数Btol值等数据,得出Btol正比于跃迁偶极距,反比于跃迁能,所以增加的跃迁偶极距和红移的光谱吸收峰会导致Btol增大.