X80管线钢中氮化物和碳化物析出热力学分析

基于规则熔体理论和平衡反应基础,对连铸工序X80管线钢中碳化物、氮化物析出进行热力学分析,研究Ti、Nb及Al的碳化物、氮化物析出规律。结果表明,固液两相区,TiC0.005N0.995和TiN分别在1785K和1784K时开始析出;奥氏体相区,碳化物、氮化物析出先后顺序为NbC0.64N0.36、NbC、NbN、AlN、TiC,相应析出温度为1457、1404、1354、1267、1226K;γ→α相变过程中,TiC发生相间析出,Nb主要以NbC形式析出,AlN析出量较少。     

Dynamic broadcast encryption scheme with revoking user

Currently, there still lacks an efficient methodology to revoke user’s ability to decrypt ciphertext in broadcast encryption with the uncertain number of ciphertext recipients. To solve this problem, here, we present a dynamic broadcast encryption scheme with the following properties: First, the length of the ciphertext has a linear relationship with the number of revocable users, but it has no association with the total number of ciphertext recipients. Second, the scheme also works when users dynamically join. Especially, compared with methods published up to date, our scheme is more efficient with a large number of ciphertext recipients. Third, the broadcaster can revoke user’s ability to decrypt ciphertext if necessary. Fourth, the private key of users is composed of three elements in Elliptic curve group of prime order. Last, if q-Decisional Multi-Exponent Bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption holds, our scheme is secure in the standard model when a polynomial time adversary selectively attacks it.     

A new estimate of global soil respiration from 1970 to 2008

Soil respiration(Rs)is one of the key processes that underline our understanding of carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems.Great uncertainty remains in the previous global Rs estimates with a difference of 70 Pg C a 1between the highest and lowest estimates.Thus,the present study aimed to estimate the global annual Rs and investigate the interannual and spatial variability in global annual Rs using a semi-mechanistic,empirically-based model which included climatic factors(temperature and precipitation)and topsoil(0–20 cm)organic carbon storage.About 657 published studies of annual Rs from 147 measurement sites were included in this meta-analysis.The global data sets from 1970 to 2008 on climate,surface air temperature,and soil properties were collected.The Monte Carlo method was used to propagate the simulation errors to global Rs.The results indicated that the mean annual global Rs was 94.4 Pg C a 1,increasing at roughly 0.04 Pg C a 1(~0.04%a 1)from 1970 to 2008.The Rs rate increased from colder,drier and less soil carbon-rich regions to warmer,moister and more carbon-rich regions.Highest Rs rates appeared in the tropical forest,while the lowest ones were in polar and desert regions.The annual Rs correlated directly with global temperature anomalies,suggesting that the interannual variability in temperature was responsible for the interannual variations in predicted global Rs.The global Rs increased from high-latitude zones to low-latitude zones.Further studies are recommended to explore the relationship between soil respiration and vegetation characters.     

基于订阅划分的多维索引并行匹配算法

针对基于内容的发布/订阅系统匹配算法中的计数算法和树形算法在多操作符匹配结构中效率不高的问题,提出了一种基于订阅划分的多维索引并行匹配算法(SPMP-match).该算法利用二叉树原理对订阅进行分组,然后组织成树形索引结构,采用一种边匹配谓词边观察的策略,及时终止无成功匹配订阅的情形.该算法仅对可能和一个事件匹配成功的所有订阅进行匹配,不会产生无价值的时间消耗,并且在查找匹配成功的订阅时,只须要查看所有可能和某事件匹配成功的订阅表,避免了扫描整个订阅集合.     

云环境下基于RBAC的权限渗透问题

针对基于角色的访问控制模型在云计算跨域访问方面安全性不足的问题,在基于角色映射技术的基础上引入网络中跳数的定义,提出一种基于跳数的访问控制策略以解决在角色映射过程中所产生的权限渗透问题.从访问过程和形式化定义两方面对该策略进行了研究,并进行了仿真性能实验.与其他策略进行了比较,该策略通过在角色集和用户集中添加相应的字段来实现对跨域访问距离的细粒度控制,因此并未产生新的集合,进行跨域访问时也无须建立任何的镜像角色.实验结果表明该策略与传统跨域访问策略相比具有更高的效率以及更低的存储消耗.     

数字经济促进传统制造业转型升级的内涵、逻辑与路径

数字经济的不断发展正在深刻改变着传统制造业的生产方式,成为推动制造业数字化转型升级的强大动力.目前,我国传统制造业面临着来自国内外的双重压力,亟须顺应数字经济发展潮流,加快数字化转型升级.研究认为,我国制造业应利用数字化解决行业"痛点",着眼于数据利用、基础设施建设、信息技术运用、人力资本培育、市场开发等维度,以新技术、新模式、新业态推动制造业转型升级,深化与数字经济的融合程度,加快自身从制造到创造的转型步伐,提升我国制造业现代化水平,将传统制造业与创新中国相统一,实现制造业由大变强的历史性跨越.     

铁酸铋陶瓷的制备及其磁电性能研究

采用低温固相法制备BiFeO_3前驱体,经煅烧得到BiFeO_3粉体,并在不同温度下烧结制得BiFeO_3陶瓷。分析前驱体的热分解过程、粉体和陶瓷的物相组成及陶瓷的磁性能和介电性能。结果表明,采用低温固相法制备的BiFeO_3前驱体,经700℃煅烧可制得基本为单相的BiFeO_3粉体,再经800℃烧结可以制得体积密度较大的BiFeO_3陶瓷,其在室温下不表现宏观磁性;BiFeO_3陶瓷的介电常数和介电损耗均随其烧结温度的升高而下降。     

A study on TCP performance of crowdsourced live streaming

The prevalence of smart phone and improvement of wireless net promote the usage of crowdsourced live streaming,where individual users act as live streaming sources to broadcast themselves online.Characterizing the performance and identifying its bottleneck in such systems can shed light on the system design and performance optimization.TCP performance of a commercial crowdsourced live streaming system is examined by analyzing packet-level traces collected at streaming servers.TCP stalls that heavily hurt the QoE of user have been identified.In particular,the TCP stalls account for as much as 31.6％ of the flow completion time for upload flows and result in abandonment of upload on the corresponding channels.Stalls caused by timeout retransmissions are further dissected and timeout retransmission characteristics are revealed to be dependent on the video encoding methods.These findings provide new insights in crowdsourced live streaming systems and can guide designers to improve the TCP efficiency.     

适合于研磨性硬地层的新型孕镶金刚石钻头优化设计试验研究

针对现有钻头在研磨性硬地层中普遍存在钻速低、寿命短的问题,研制了一种孕镶钻齿,通过室内试验优选胎体配方和金刚石参数,设计了一种新型孕镶金刚石钻头,并进行了现场应用。孕镶钻齿设计为圆柱形,以铸造碳化钨和碳化钨为胎体骨架材料,以浓度为25%、粒度为80目的天然金刚石颗粒为磨削元件,采用热压工艺烧结合成。新型孕镶金刚石钻头冠部形状设计为直线-圆弧-圆弧型双锥剖面,采用等间距高密度径向布齿,布齿间距为2 mm,采用横卧和竖立两种方式周向布齿。现场应用结果表明,新型孕镶金刚石钻头可提速79%左右,使用寿命是牙轮钻头寿命的2倍以上。     

屠宰自动切割装置设计

针对国内屠宰作业中存在的劳动强度大、工作效率低、作业环境差等问题,设计了一种屠宰自动切割装置;借助有限元分析方法,对该机构中三段锯部件主轴进行了详细的设计计算,通过对主轴的受力情况进行力学分析,建立了主轴的受力模型,进行了计算校核.在保证相关强度的前提下,最终确定主轴的最小直径为50 mm,允许的前端悬伸量为120 m...