Simulation of the western North Pacific summer monsoon by regional ocean–atmosphere coupled model:impacts of oceanic components

A successful simulation of the western North Pacific summer monsoon needs a regional ocean–atmosphere coupled model(ROAM). How the performance of ROAM relies on the oceanic component model remains unknown. In this study, the authors investigated the effects of different oceanic components on the simulation of western North Pacific(WNP) summer monsoon in a ROAM. Three cases of simulations were performed, viz. the summer of 1998(El Nin o decaying phase), 2004(El Nin o developing phase), and 1993(the non-ENSO phase). Results show that the coupled simulations for different ENSO phases exhibit improvements in the simulation of location of Meiyu rainband and spatial distribution of monsoon low-level flow over WNP, whereas the systemic cold biases of sea surface air temperature are further increased. The coupled simulations with different oceanic components show similar performance, which is not ENSO phase dependent. For the case of the summer of 1998, a slightly stronger western Pacific subtropical high and colder sea surface air temperature are found in the simulation with colder sea surface temperature(SST) biases. The colder SST biases are partly contributed by the ocean dynamics processes because the sea surface net flux favors a warmer SST. This study suggests that the dependence of performance of ROAM over WNP on oceanic models is much weaker than that on atmospheric models.     

约束型矩阵最小二乘估计预测

本文提出了约束型矩阵模型的最小二乘估计预测量,矩阵型MSE准则,矩阵型RT(·)准则,矩阵型MDE-准则.进一步,给出了约束型矩阵模型最小二乘估计预测关于MSE准则、RT(·)准则优于它的最佳线性无约束矩阵型最小二乘估计预测的充要条件.探究RT(·)准则与MDE-准则的相互转化关系,给出了约束型矩阵模型最小二乘估计预测优于无约束矩阵型最小二乘估计预测的充要条件.     

Effect of high pressure sintering and annealing on microstructure and thermoelectric properties of nanocrystalline Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 doped with Gd

Bi2Te2.7Se0.3of high performance doped with Gd bulk materials was prepared by a high pressure(6.0 GPa) sintering(HPS) method at 593 K,633 K, 673 K and 693 K. The sample was then annealed for 36 h in a vacuum at 633 K. The phase composition, crystal structure and morphology of the sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The electric conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity aspects of the sample were measured from 298 K to 473 K. The results show that high pressure sintering and the doping with Gd has a great effect on the crystal structure and the thermoelectric properties of the samples. The samples are consisted of nanoparticles before and after annealing, and these nanostructures have good stability at high temperature. HPS together with annealing can improve the TE properties of the sample by decreasing the thermal conductivity of the sample with nanostructures. The maximum ZT value of 0.74 was obtained at 423 K for the sample, which was sintered at 673 K and then annealed at 633 K for 36 h. Compared with the zone melting sample, it was increased by 85% at423 K. Hence the temperature of the maximum of figure of merit was increased. The results can be applied to the field of thermoelectric power generation materials.     

Improving the mid-infrared energy absorption efficiency by using a dual-band metamaterial absorber

In this paper, a dual-band mid-infrared metamaterial absorber was proposed to improve the energy absorption efficiency. Up to 99% absorption was obtained at 9.03 and 11.83 μm in the simulation, and each absorption band can be tuned by the dielectric spacing layer, i.e., the dielectric constant and its thickness. The dual-band absorption mechanism was analyzed, and the quite well absorption performance at large incident angles was also presented. The results of this study can be applied in the field of thermal absorbing and solar energy harvesting.     

Be掺杂ZnO的第一性原理计算

基于第一性原理的Hartree—Fock和密度泛函理论（DFT）混合近似,对纤锌矿ZnO及不同量Be掺杂BexZn1-xO进行了计算．结果表明,Be的掺入导致BexZn1-xO的禁带宽度增大,这一结果与实验有着较好的符合．同时对BexZn1-x的晶格结构、能带结构及电子态密度进行了分析,Be的掺入致使Zn 4s态向高能端移动是禁带宽度增大的主要原因．     

2-甲基吡啶的合成工艺

探讨了以乙炔和乙腈为原料制备高纯度2-甲基吡啶的合成工艺,通过实验确定了适宜的反应条件．结果表明,乙炔压力为1．1MPa、乙炔耗用量为7．332g、反应温度为180℃、有机钴类催化剂用量为200mg、反应时间为12h时,2-甲基吡啶收率可达50．88％．反应生成的混合溶液经过滤、间歇精馏制得含量大于98％的2-甲基吡啶产品．该工艺操作简单,收率较高,具有潜在的工业应用价值．     

高分辨率影像道路提取的整体矩形匹配方法

提出了一种整体矩形匹配方法,对高分辨率遥感影像中的城市直线道路进行提取.方法基于影像特征、道路知识和数学形态学的击中击不中思想,通过改变影像分割阈值、矩形宽度和矩形方向,从矩形的内部和外部进行整体匹配,使得矩形满足最佳匹配原则,从而提取出道路.利用提出的方法对高分辨率卫星影像进行了实验.结果表明:该方法能较好地消除树木、汽车等对道路提取的影响,有效地提取出直线道路的边缘.     

高精度低功耗快速启动带隙基准电路设计

提出一种能够明显减小电流失配误差的新颖带隙基准核心结构,结合低功耗设计方法和一种全新的启动方式,实现了整个带隙基准电路超低功耗和快速启动的功能.基于JAZZ BCD 0.5μm工艺库模型,采用Spectre仿真器进行了仿真验证,结果显示,在电源电压VCC工作范围2.5~6.0 V内,带隙电压的变化为0.06mV;在VCC=3.6 V,温度范围为-25~100℃时,带隙电压精度为17.5μV/℃;典型工作状态下(VCC=3.6V,t=25℃),整个电路静态电流仅为3.71μA,启动时间为23μs.     

机器人控制器片上系统开放性的聚类分析

借助微电子领域中的片上系统,搭建良好的应用开发平台,构造开放式模块化机器人控制器,并利用聚类特性中有代表意义的评价指标即内聚和耦合对所实现的机器人控制器的模块化设计以及开放式结构进行理论分析.同时选取在实现模块化机器人控制器的过程中各个片上系统元素的建立时间和延迟时间等具体参数进行分析和比较.实验表明:利用片上系统实现的控制器,结构良好,模块化程度高,同类模块间平均距离短,内聚强;不同模块间平均距离长,耦合松,体现了良好的开放性.