An antidepressant that extends lifespan in adult Caenorhabditis elegans

The mechanisms that determine the lifespan of an organism are still largely a mystery. One goal of ageing research is to find drugs that would increase lifespan and vitality when given to an adult animal. To this end, we tested 88,000 chemicals for the ability to extend the lifespan of adult Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. Here we report that a drug used as an antidepressant in humans increases C. elegans lifespan. In humans, this drug blocks neural signalling by the neurotransmitter serotonin. In C. elegans, the effect of the drug on lifespan is reduced or eradicated by mutations that affect serotonin synthesis, serotonin re-uptake at synapses, or either of two G-protein-coupled receptors: one that recognizes serotonin and the other that detects another neurotransmitter, octopamine. In vitro studies show that the drug acts as an antagonist at both receptors. Testing of the drug on dietary-restricted animals or animals with mutations that affect lifespan indicates that its effect on lifespan involves mechanisms associated with lifespan extension by dietary restriction. These studies indicate that lifespan can be extended by blocking certain types of neurotransmission implicated in food sensing in the adult animal, possibly leading to a state of perceived, although not real, starvation.     

Self reliance and Innovation of Qinshan Phase Ⅱ NPP Project

This article mainly describes the selfreliance and innovation of Qinshan nuclear power project of phase II,inbetween it contains new reactor core design, as well as related experimental and calculation analysis, especially for new reactor design produced fluidinduced vibration model test, theoretical analysis and testing inbuilt reactor; aiming at twoloop NSSS a series improvement made for safety systems and related safety analysis to enhance their reliability and redundancy; according to specialty of twoloop NSSS an optimization made for NPP parameters and design of related equipments, for the purpose to make the output of NPP maximal; design of main reactor building and TG building also improved according to characteristics of twoloop NSSS and site conditions. CRDM and refueling machine are researched and manufactured on base of selfreliance, their performance are better than design requirements, large portion of key equipments are localized through different way. In construction first time realized the integrated erection of containment dome. During the commissioning nonnuclear steam driving of TG set, as well as 500 kV high voltage rising using emergent diesel generator, etc. are carried out. In period of operation still continuous innovation and improvement are made, so that to keep the good record of operation.     

视景仿真系统中三维地形的实时生成方法

三维地形是虚拟自然环境中不可缺少的因素,也是虚拟仿真领域中视景系统的重要组成部分.三维地形的巨大数据量一直是视景仿真研究中的难点与热点.本文提出用函数曲面来保存地形顶点数据,在渲染开始前预先载入和计算生成地形数据,而在渲染阶段则利用视点相关LOD(Level of Detail)模型来简化渲染数据,实现大规模地形网格的绘制.实验结果表明,该方法能有效减少实时绘制时的计算量,提高绘制速度,较好地保证了大规模三维地形的实时生成效果.     

预应力CFRP布加固钢筋混凝土梁疲劳性能试验研究

为了研究预应力CFRP布加固钢筋混凝土梁的疲劳性能,进行了4根CFRP布加固的钢筋混凝土和1根对比梁的试验研究.试验中考虑的变量为碳纤维应力强度比、疲劳荷载幅和CFRP布粘贴层数.试验梁采用双点对称等幅、等频率加载.试验结果表明:未加固的对比梁受疲劳荷载作用时,裂缝少而宽;非预应力CFRP布加固梁,裂缝多而密,裂缝高度...     

基于聚类非参数检验的动态停车需求分布特征

为了探索动态停车需求的分布特征,提出聚类非参数检验分析方法.该方法按照个体-组-类的顺序对多时段随机变量进行聚合,在各聚合阶段运用相应的非参数检验方法校核结果,在确保拟合精度的同时,采用相应的模型描述动态随机变量的分布特征.结合该方法的运用,从问题确定、数据调查、数据处理与分析以及分布特征的归纳总结等环节详细阐述了动态...     

饱和状态下水泥浆体的微观结构冰冻损伤模型

为了研究水转化为冰所带来的体积膨胀对水泥浆体的微观结构的危害,量化微观结构的内部损伤,建立了一个饱水状态下水泥浆体的冰冻破坏模型.首先使用模拟水泥浆体微观结构的数值模型(HYMOSTRUC)生成一个模拟结构,根据这个模拟结构中的孔结构,分析水分在孔隙中发生的相转变;将含有冰、水和水化产物的水泥浆体微观模拟结构转变为三维...     

超声乳化法制备纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒及壳聚糖表面改性

采用超声乳化法制备纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒,以壳聚糖作为表面活性剂,制备具有生物亲和性的水基Fe3O4磁流体.研究了Fe2+/Fe3+摩尔比、超声时间和表面活性剂用量对磁流体性能的影响.结果表明:当Fe2+/Fe3+摩尔比为1:1·5,滴加氨水时反应温度为70℃时,可制备理想纳米Fe3O4磁性颗粒;超声时间为7·5min左右,质量分数1%的壳聚糖溶液体积占FeO溶液总体积的50%时,有利于壳聚糖分子的包覆,使磁流体具有较高的比饱和磁化强度及稳定性.     

基于逻辑密钥树的组播密钥管理研究进展

介绍了基于逻辑密钥树的组播密钥管理方案,以及针对逻辑密钥树的改进方案.分析了各个方案如何从组播应用的要求和限制出发,在满足安全需求、提高服务质量的同时尽量降低开销,指出各个方案都是在安全性、服务质量和开销等3个方面的要求之间进行适当的折衷与平衡.通过对各个改进方案的出发点及其优缺点的分析,为如何根据实际情况设计适合具体组播业务的密钥管理方案提供了参考.     

热辐射在倾斜通道热流场的作用

针对热辐射是通道内热流场的重要影响因素之一,采用实验和数值计算方法对倾斜角度为10°、20°和30°的两端开口通道内热流场进行了研究。使用基于大涡模拟(LES)求解浮力驱动N S方程的数值模拟方法求得的模拟结果和实验值吻合较好。通过使用耦合热辐射模型的数值计算结果和忽略热辐射的数值计算结果分别与实验结果进行对比分析的方法发现,在热源一定的条件下,对于倾斜角度在10°～30°之间的通道,热辐射使通道上部高温区域的温度降低,随着倾斜角度的增大,热辐射对通道低端开口上壁面附近的影响作用减弱,而倾斜角度对于热辐射在通道高端开口上壁面附近的作用则影响不大,同时,在通道倾斜角度为30°时,热辐射使通道内高温区域向高端开口方向倾斜,并使通道高端的下部温度升高。整个实验和计算结果可为倾斜通道内热流场的理论研究提供参考依据。     

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取红曲米中水溶性色素

研究了红曲米中水溶性色素的超声波辅助提取法的提取工艺.在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面法研究了超声时间、液料比和超声功率对提取液色价的影响,建立了二次回归模型,得到了提取工艺的最优条件.研究结果表明以上3因素对红曲米中水溶性色素的提取均有显著影响.在提取工艺条件:超声时间为20.6 min,液料比为32.2∶1,超声功率为730 W下提取,红曲米中水溶性色素的色价达到最大值,为570.5 U/g.