MtROP8 is involved in root hair development and the establishment of symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that ROP GTPases play important roles in symbiosis, but the molecular mechanisms on their regulation in symbiosis are largely unknown. In this study, we showed that MtROP8 is involved in the symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti. Expression analyses showed that MtROP8 was down-regulated in the early infected roots, but significantly up-regulated in nodules compared to the roots. Phenotypic analysis of RNA inter- ference （RNAi）-mediated silencing of MtROP8 revealed that knock-down of MtROP8 expression resulted in various developmental defects of root hairs, including branched hairs, short bulbous root hairs, and even root hairs with apparent swollen bases, which were caused by the modi- fication of the distribution and the levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. Moreover, infection events were increased in transgenic roots harboring the MtROP8 RNAi construct in response to S. meliloti inoculation, concomitant with enhanced nodulation. These results indicate that MtROP8 participates in root hair development and the establishmentof the symbiotic interaction by regulating ROS production and distribution.     

信息系统内部安全审计机制

针对目前大量存在的信息系统内部安全问题,提出了基于安全审计和入侵检测技术的信息系统安全审计平台,并具体给出了其内部工作流程和实现机制.鉴于信息系统内部安全的特点,作者提出了建立系统内部人员的个人诚信信息,并将其作为入侵检测的匹配条件之一.针对入侵检测系统,采用了误用检测技术和异常检测技术相结合的方式,将事后审计数据作为训练数据建立入侵检测模型,最终实现对信息系统内部审计信息的实时处理.     

考虑消防联动与效益的消防站多目标选址方法

为提升城市消防应急能力、降低消防响应成本,针对消防站选址决策问题,在消防资源有限的前提下,同时考虑消防站均衡性和消防效益,利用消防责任区覆盖率和消防响应损失成本分别描述均衡性与消防效益,并考虑城市重特大火灾事故处置的联动消防情景,构建消防站选址的多目标选址覆盖模型.通过经典的多目标优化算法SPEA2算法对模型进行求解,得到该多目标选址问题的Pareto最优解集,利用模糊集理论从Pareto最优解集中选取折中解.最后,以上海市外环以内市区为例,验证模型的可行性与有效性,为消防站科学选址提供决策依据.     

考虑知识模糊性的应急决策知识融合方法

知识是应急决策的主要依据和参考.针对应急决策需要多领域跨学科知识的综合支撑问题,本文构建基于知识元的应急决策知识模型,解决了多领域跨学科的知识表示与共享问题,为准确获取应急知识和知识融合服务提供基础支撑;接着从系统科学和管理科学视角出发考虑知识的模糊性提出了一种新的融合方法,解决了现有方法可能造成融合结果与客观实际相冲突的问题,提高了融合结果的准确性和科学性;最后运用地铁火灾实例验证本文提出模型和方法在应急决策知识表示和融合中的实用性和优越性.     

基于Arduino 的四旋翼飞行器控制系统设计

为改善滤波效果, 针对四旋翼飞行器滤波算法计算量大的问题, 采用基于Kalman 与DMP(Digital Motion Processing)滤波相结合的姿态数据处理算法及PID( Proportion-Integration-Differentiation)姿态控制算法, 设计了四旋翼飞行器控制系统。系统硬件由Arduino 控制板及四旋翼飞行器平台组成,在此平台基础上建立了飞行器动力学模型并对Kalman 滤波器及PID 控制器参数进行调试。实际飞行结果表明, 该系统能对飞行姿态的偏移进行快速调整, 调整灵敏度和稳态时间得到明显改善, 有效地完成对四旋翼飞行器的稳定控制。     

浅议开放型公园的管理创新

从创新意识，强化以人为本，强化激励机制以及公园目前存在的问题和优势等方面进行了分析论述，提出了领导者得必须有强烈的创新意识，才能有效地组织单位的创新活动，抓住机遇，重新创造优势。     

东营沙四段古盐度对碳酸盐岩沉积的控制作用

以硼含量以及Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca 作为指标,计算了东营凹陷南坡沙四段各个沉积时期的古盐度值,盐度垂向上由下到上总体上变小,即湖侵初期盐度较高,湖侵后期盐度变低;平面上东部较高,北部较低,盐度分布受到古水深的控制。古盐度对不同类型的碳酸盐岩具有控制作用,碳酸盐岩所要求的古盐度范围为10.0 ‰ 35.0 ‰,其中白云岩主要分布在古盐度大于15.0 ‰的区域,石灰岩主要分布在古盐度小于20.0 ‰的区域。水体的高盐度为白云岩的形成及成岩转化提供了物质基础和介质条件,在古盐度较高的区域以白云岩沉积为主,或者将已经形成的石灰岩白云岩化;在古盐度较低的区域以石灰岩沉积为主。     

Promoter of soybean early nodulin gene<Emphasis Type="Italic">enod2B</Emphasis> is induced by rhizobial Nod factors in transgenic rice

Nod factors, which are signaling molecules produced by Rhizobia, are the principal determinants of host specificity in Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Nod factors can elicit a number of characteristic developmental responses in the roots of legumes, such as depolarization of the membrane potential in epidermal cells, specific expression of early nodulin genes and changes in the flux of calcium in root hairs, deformation of root hairs, cell division in the root cortex and formation of the nodule primordinm. Whether the rice plant can respond to signaling molecules (i.e. Nod factors) is an important question, as it could establish the potential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in rice. The promoter of the soybean (Glycine max) early nodulin gene Gmenod2B fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene was used as a molecular marker to explore whether Nod factors can be recognized by rice cells as signaling molecules. Transgenic rice plants harboring the chimeric gene Gmenod2BP-GUS were obtained via an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated system. NodNGR factors produced by a broad-host-range Rhizobium strain NGR234(pA28) were used as probes to investigate the activity of the Gmenod2B promoter in rice. Our results showed that the early nodulin gene Gmenod2B promoter was induced by NodNGR factors in transgenic rice, and that it was specifically expressed in rice plant roots. Moreover, GUS gene expression driven by the Gmenod2B promoter in transgenic rice was regulated by nitrogen status. These findings indicated that rice possessed the ability to respond to Nod factor signals, and that this signal transduction system resulted in activation of the Gmenod2B promoter. Thus, we predict that the Nod-factor inducible nodulin expression system, which is similar to Rhizobium-legume symbiosis, may also exist in rice.     

基于组织的访问控制系统授权验证单层关系模型

由于在目前的各种组织授权模型中缺乏对授权系统访问许可的检验,提出了对OB4LAC模型授权情况进行验证的基于组织的访问控制系统授权验证单层关系模型,通过向量和矩阵对用户-岗位-角色-操作之间的关联方式进行了描述,实现在多用户情况下,将每个用户通过组织授权系统所得到的系统操作权限进行直观的统计.通过算法实例对单层关系模型进...     

区域创新系统视野下的“大虹桥”工程

因地理环境相殊、社会历史条件不同及区域政策的差异形成了沪苏浙各具特色的区域创新模式。这种迥异的模式在长三角区域经济及创新模式一体化进程中,既具互补性,相辅相成,又存在诸多缺陷和弊端。大虹桥工程大大加速了三省市经济与创新要素的集聚,有力地推动了区域间的产业分工和跨区域协同,构建一体化的共同市场与创新环境,最终必将大大推进沪苏浙区域一体化创新系统的构建。