问答社区问句中多字词表达提取

基于互动问答社区问句中多字词表达和问句理解的关系,提出针对互动问答社区问句进行多字词表达抽取,并基于互动问答社区问句中多字词表达的特点,提出适用于互动问答社区的多字词表达提取方法.该方法在利用互信息和停用词表的方法从问句中抽取候选多字词表达的基础上,将候选多字词表达分为正确串、残缺串、冗余串和错误串4类,借助搜索引擎对查询串的优化和候选多字词表达在互联网上的检索结果,设计候选多字词表达校正方法,实现对多字词表达的提取.以新浪爱问知识人问题库中的问句进行实验,结果表明,多字词表达抽取的准确率、召回率和F值分别达到84%,52%和0.64,验证了该方法的有效性.     

影响螺纹副轴向力分布均匀性的关键因素分析

通过对螺纹连接结构承载分布问题的理论分析与数值模拟,探索影响螺纹副轴向力分布均匀性的关键因素.首先对螺纹副轴向承载分布进行理论分析,提出依据螺纹副截面上单位长度荷载F与螺纹牙相对变形u的关系曲线确定轴向力分布的解析方法.理论分析表明,当F-u关系曲线呈屈服形状时,螺纹副轴向承载力分布更加均匀.其次,对施必牢螺纹副进行分析,发现其F-u关系曲线呈现出屈服特征;从牙型设计、材料塑性和螺纹错动三方面进行分析,阐明施必牢螺纹副承载分布均匀性好的力学机制;最后,详细分析了螺纹副径向尺寸系数、摩擦因数和材料特性等因素对螺纹上轴向力分布的影响规律.     

Aptamer and its applications in neurodegenerative diseases

Aptamers are small single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotide fragments or small peptides, which can bind to targets by high affinity and specificity. Because aptamers are specific, non-immunogenic and non-toxic, they are ideal materials for clinical applications. Neurodegenerative disorders are ravaging the lives of patients. Even though the mechanism of these diseases is still elusive, they are mainly characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the central nervous system. So it is essential to develop potential measures to slow down or prevent the onset of these diseases. With the advancements of the technologies, aptamers have opened up new areas in this research field. Aptamers could bind with these related target proteins to interrupt their accumulation, subsequently blocking or preventing the process of neurodegenerative diseases. This review presents recent advances in the aptamer generation and its merits and limitations, with emphasis on its applications in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, Huntington’s disease and multiple sclerosis.     

Optimal bundling and pricing decisions for complementary products in a two-layer supply chain

This article explores bundling and pricing decisions for two complementary products in a two-layer supply chain consisting of a multi-product manufacturer and a retailer. We establish four different pricing models under cases of decentralized decision, while considering different portfolio-bundling strategies of the manufacturer and the retailer. A game-theoretical method is used to characterize the corresponding equilibrium outcomes in each scenario. By further analyzing and comparing the maximum profits of all four possible scenarios, optimal bundling and pricing decisions for the manufacturer and the retailer are obtained, respectively. Model extensions and numerical examples are enriched to highlight the factors affecting optimal decision-making. Finally, valuable and interesting managerial insights are summarized. Results show that the upstream manufacturer always profits more when he sells complementary products separately. However, the optimal bundling decision of the downstream retailer is jointly determined by product complementarity (as a major factor) and the difference of product profitability (as a secondary factor). Market power cannot exert an influence on both optimal bundling decisions, but it can partly affect pricing decisions.     

共培养技术及化学絮凝法对小球藻C.vulgaris XJB絮凝的影响

微藻是生物柴油理想的原料,但微藻尺寸较小,细胞密度较低,导致微藻采收困难。为提高微藻的采收率,节约成本,实验采用自絮凝斜生栅藻Scenedesmus sp.-BH与富油小球藻C.vulgaris XJB共培养技术来提高小球藻C.vulgaris XJB的絮凝率,同时与调节p H、添加Fe Cl3和添加壳聚糖3种化学絮凝法对比。结果表明:3种化学絮凝法60 min时的最佳絮凝率分别为84.2%、96.5%和72.9%;共培养最佳条件下小球藻C.vulgaris XJB 60 min时的絮凝率为33.3%,8 h后的絮凝率可达73.2%。共培养条件下小球藻C.vulgaris XJB的絮凝率比化学絮凝法的稍低,但该方法不会引入有害化学物质,后期分离成本低,是一种经济、环保的絮凝方法。     

农村工业结构时空演进及其环境污染效应评价——基于行业污染程度视角

从行业污染程度的视角对农村工业进行分类,分析农村工业结构变动的时空分异特征,探讨农村工业结构变动对环境影响的机理,构建环境影响指数,定量评价农村工业结构演进的环境污染效应.主要结论如下:①1988-2010年间农村工业轻度污染行业所占比重呈现增加的趋势,而污染行业呈现下降的趋势.研究期内环境影响指数呈现"增长-下降-增长"的变化趋势,2002年以后又逐步呈现增加的趋势.②农村工业结构区域分异特征明显,在省级层面,江苏、山东、浙江、山西、河北、河南、广东、辽宁、上海等省市重污染行业和中度污染占全国重污染行业的比重较多,环境影响指数也都较大.在区域层面上,污染行业也主要集中在东部发达地区,东部地区环境影响指数远远大于中部和西部地区.在环境管理实践中不同的地区应实行差别化的管理政策.     

琵琶基本功的提高训练与精髓练习曲之研究

基本功是一切表演艺术的核心,琵琶演奏也是如此。基本功需要不断巩固与提高,在基本功训练中非常讲究方法,方法有效才能达到事半功倍的效果。总结出一套巩固与提高琵琶演奏基本功的方法,同时也整理,归纳出一套精髓练习曲。     

New rapid transfer alignment method for SINS of airborne weapon systems

Transfer alignment is an effective alignment method for the strapdown inertial navigation system （SINS） of airborne weapon systems. The traditional transfer alignment methods for large misalignment angles alignment use nonlinear transfer align- ment models and incorporate nonlinear filtering. A rapid transfer alignment method with linear models and linear filtering for ar- bitrary misalignment angles is presented. Through the attitude quaternion decomposition, the purpose of transfer alignment is converted to estimate a constant quaternion. Employing special manipulations on measurement equation, velocity and attitude linear measurement equations are derived. Then the linear trans- fer alignment model for arbitrary misalignment angles is built. An adaptive Kalman filter is developed to handle modeling errors of the measurement noise statistics. Simulation results show feasibili- ty and effectiveness of the proposed method, which provides an alternative rapid transfer alignment method for airborne weapons.     

清代前期胶东地区海防建设刍论

清代前期，清廷在胶东地区进行海防建设，最终形成海防陆地绿营兵与绿营水师共同负责海防事宜，以军港、海湾、岛屿等塞为依托的水陆相维的海防体系，这一海防体系在抵御海上入侵、维护海疆安全方面发挥了重作用。     

河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)对氧化石墨烯和全氟辛烷磺酸类物质(PFOS)联合胁迫的生理生化响应

为了探索碳纳米材料氧化石墨烯(GO)和全氟辛烷磺酸类物质(PFOS)在淡水底栖贝类体内的联合毒性效应, 以河蚬为研究对象, 考察 1 mg/L GO和500 ng/L PFOS单独及联合暴露28天后对河蚬体长、体重、滤食率、活性氧水平、抗氧化系统酶活性和丙二醛含量的影响, 并采用优化的综合生物标志物响应指数(EIBR)进行整体评估。结果表明, 暴露结束后, 河蚬的体长和体重没有明显的变化。与空白对照组和溶剂对照组相比, GO和PFOS的单独暴露组及联合暴露组的滤食率均显著下降。在河蚬的鳃和内脏团中, GO和PFOS的胁迫都会引起抗氧化系统酶活性响应的显著变化, 且两器官中变化趋势一致。EIBR结果表明, 鳃和内脏团中联合暴露组的毒性比 PFOS或GO单独暴露组的毒性更强。