Integrating carbon-halogen bond formation into medicinal plant metabolism

Halogenation, which was once considered a rare occurrence in nature, has now been observed in many natural product biosynthetic pathways. However, only a small fraction of halogenated compounds have been isolated from terrestrial plants. Given the impact that halogenation can have on the biological activity of natural products, we reasoned that the introduction of halides into medicinal plant metabolism would provide the opportunity to rationally bioengineer a broad variety of novel plant products with altered, and perhaps improved, pharmacological properties. Here we report that chlorination biosynthetic machinery from soil bacteria can be successfully introduced into the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle). These prokaryotic halogenases function within the context of the plant cell to generate chlorinated tryptophan, which is then shuttled into monoterpene indole alkaloid metabolism to yield chlorinated alkaloids. A new functional group-a halide-is thereby introduced into the complex metabolism of C. roseus, and is incorporated in a predictable and regioselective manner onto the plant alkaloid products. Medicinal plants, despite their genetic and developmental complexity, therefore seem to be a viable platform for synthetic biology efforts.     

Multi-attribute decision making method for air target threat evaluation based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets

The function of the air target threat evaluation (TE) is the foundation for weapons allocation and senor resources management within the surface air defense. The multi-attribute evaluation methodology is utilized to address the issue of the TE in which the tactic features of the detected target are treated as evaluation attributes. Meanwhile, the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) is employed to deal with information uncertainty in the TE process. Furthermore, on the basis of the entropy weight and inclusion-comparison probability, a hybrid TE method is developed. In order to accommodate the demands of naturalistic decision making, the proposed method allows air defense commanders to express their intuitive opinions besides incorporating into the threat features of the detected target. An illustrative example is provided to indicate the feasibility and advantage of the proposed method.     

含参广义集值优化问题解集映射的连续性

在拓扑向量空间中考虑双参广义集值优化问题解集映射的连续性. 当目标函数构成的序偶映射为l严格锥拟凸时, 在较弱的约束品性假设下, 得到了双参广义集值优化问题解集映射连续的最优性条件.     

多自由度非线性结构参数识别的鲁棒性研究

由于多自由度非线性结构参数识别是反问题,其解具有不确定性,为提高识别效率及识别结果的精度,基于序列二次规划法并通过数值试验分析研究影响参数识别鲁棒性能的各个因素.研究结果表明:噪声不影响识别效率但影响识别结果精度;基于时域信息构建优化目标函数时,时程长度影响识别效率和识别结果的精度,一般时程长度选取8倍结构基本周期时能取得较好效果;在描述非线性力学行为时,Bouc-Wen模型相比双线性模型适应性更强,具有更好的识别效果;非线性结构在激励强度较大情况下识别得到的参数值更具可靠性;对相关性较弱参数,可通过分步骤识别,减小参数识别数量,从而提高参数识别效率.     

桥面板疲劳试验系统设计

为检测加固的桥面板的疲劳寿命,设计以电液伺服系统为核心的桥面板加固疲劳试验系统。采用电液伺服技术实现主机设计,结合PID+F调节控制算法,解决大型试件在进行动态疲劳试验时因材料性能变化而造成的控制不稳定性。试验系统采用WinPWS测控软件,实现无人值班自动存储数据,控制模式实现平滑无扰切换。该系统已经成功应用于工业测试,具有抗干扰能力强,动、静态控制性能稳定等优点。     

集值向量拟均衡问题的ε-Global对偶

引入具集值映射的ε-Global向量拟均衡问题及其对偶问题,在广义凸性与广义Slater条件下,讨论ε-Global向量拟均衡问题的ε-Global有效解与其对偶问题的ε-Global有效解之间的关系,得到了ε-Global向量拟均衡问题的对偶定理。     

基于土地利用形态的城市防护人口基数计算方法

以信息化战争中人口防护的要求为目标,对快速城市化背景下防护人口基数的计算方法进行了探讨。解析城市昼夜人口分布差异的原因,在此基础上,构建了以就业人口为影响因素的城市防护人口基数的计算方法。根据城市就业人口分布与城市用地形态的关系建立了人口分布预测模型,引入了就业人口吸引权、用地规模、土地利用强度、区位系数作为模型的基本参数,给出了取值方法。以某市中心城区为实例对防护人口基数进行了计算,计算结果可以供编制人防工程规划参考。     

农药毒死蜱对小鼠肺细胞氧化损伤的研究

为了研究毒死蜱对生物体的氧化损伤,以昆明小鼠为受试体,毒死蜱按3、6和12mg/kg 3个剂量水平,灌胃染毒小鼠,每天1次,连续7d,测定小鼠肺的脏器系数比,以肺组织匀浆液测定活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)、还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)和丙二醛(Malondial-dehyde,MDA)的含量.实验结果表明:随着毒死蜱染毒剂量的升高,ROS和MDA含量逐渐上升,肺的脏器系数比和GSH含量逐渐降低,各指标呈一定的剂量-效应关系.染毒剂量≥6mg/kg时,GSH和MDA含量有显著差异(P<0.05);染毒剂量≥12mg/kg时,ROS含量有显著差异(P<0.05),肺的脏器系数比、GSH和MDA含量有极显著差异(P<0.01).说明较高剂量的毒死蜱可造成小鼠肺组织的氧化损伤.     

素混凝土本构模型参数的实验研究

在对JHC(Holmquist-Johnson-Cook)模型进行理论分析的基础上,针对该模型的力学参数获取问题设计了一系列具体的实验,并通过这些实验获取了一种素混凝土的JHC模型的具体参数。依据所获取的JHC模型力学参数,运用LS-DYNA有限元软件,对素混凝土板在爆炸载荷作用下的破坏过程进行了数值模拟,并进行了相应的爆炸实验。数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,表明按照本文提供的实验方法来测定JHC模型参数是有效的。     

水力驱动作用下的地貌演变数值模拟Ⅱ.模型应用

应用基于物理概念的水文／侵蚀数值模型InHM,成功模拟了夏威夷群岛中Kaho’olawe岛100年的地貌演变过程．受计算机运算能力所限,全岛被分为84个小流域分别进行模拟．人类活动的影响通过植被覆盖率的变化进而地表／近地表土壤的水力参数变化来体现．结果表明,InHM能够有效模拟区域尺度上的长时段地表侵蚀过程,在给定降雨过程的条件下,土壤水力参数、地表坡度、植被情况是影响地表产流与侵蚀过程的主要因素．敏感性分析表明,降雨数据时间步长、土壤水力参数对长时段地表径流和侵蚀有显著影响,而初始地下水位和地下水压强分布影响不大．