STUDIES ON HORIZONTAL COMPETITION AMONG HOMOGENOUS RETAILERS THROUGH AGENT-BASED SIMULATION

1. Introduction A supply chain is a network composed osuppliers, manufacturers, retailers, etc., whichcooperate to offer a kind of goods or servicesThese supply chain members cooperate andcompete with each other to maximize theiown profits. For example,…     

试论图书馆管理中的激励机制

根据不同的几种激励理论，对图书馆实施激励机制时应遵守的基本原则以及激励的方式进行了探讨。     

Resonance Light-Scattering Spectroscopy Study on Interaction between Gold Colloid and Thiol Containing Pharmaceutical

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Phylogeny constructed by using diversity increment

A new approach based on the concept of the diversity increment is applied to reconstruct a phylogeny. The phylogeny of the Eutherian orders use concatenated H-stranded amino acid sequences, and the result is consistent with the commonly accepted one for the Eutherians. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 30170214) and the Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Software Engineer, Wuhan University, China. Biography: Shi Feng ( 1966- ), male, Ph. D, Associate professor, research direction: bioinformatics.     

Fundamentals of the analytic network process — Dependence and feedback in decision-making with a single network

The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a multicriteria theory of measurement used to derive relative priority scales of absolute numbers from individual judgments (or from actual measurements normalized to a relative form) that also belong to a fundamental scale of absolute numbers. These judgments represent the relative influence, of one of two elements over the other in a pairwise comparison process on a third element in the system, with respect to an underlying control criterion. Through its supermatrix, whose entries are themselves matrices of column priorities, the ANP synthesizes the outcome of dependence and feedback within and between clusters of elements. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with its independence assumptions on upper levels from lower levels and the independence of the elements in a level is a special case of the ANP. The ANP is an essential tool for articulating our understanding of a decision problem. One had to overcome the limitation of linear hierarchic structures and their mathematical consequences. This part on the ANP summarizes and illustrates the basic concepts of the ANP and shows how informed intuitive judgments can lead to real life answers that are matched by actual measurements in the real world (for example, relative dollar values) as illustrated in market share examples that rely on judgments and not on numerical data. Thomas L. Saaty holds the Chair of University Professor, Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale University. Before that he was a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania for ten years. Prior to that he spent seven years at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency in the State Department in Washington, DC, that carried out the arms reduction negotiations with the Soviets in Geneva. His current research interests include decision-making, planning, conflict resolution and synthesis in the brain. As a result of his search for an effective means to deal with weapons tradeoffs at the Disarmament Agency and, more generally, with decision-making and resource allocation, Professor Saaty developed The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization to dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process (ANP). He is co-developer of the software Expert Choice and of the software Super Decisions for decisions with dependence and feedback. He has authored or co-authored twelve books on the AHP/ANP. Professor Saaty has also written a number of other books that embrace a variety of topics, including Modern Nonlinear Equations, Nonlinear Mathematics, Graph Theory, The Four Color Problem, Behavioral Mathematics, Queuing Theory, Optimization in Integers, Embracing the Future and The Brain: Unraveling the Mystery of How It Works. His most recent book is Creative Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making. The book is a rich collection of ideas, incorporating research by a growing body of researchers and practitioners, profiles of creative people, projects and products, theory, philosophy, physics and metaphysics...all explained with a liberal dose of humor. He has published more than 300 refereed articles in a wide variety of professional journals. He has been on the editorial boards of Mathematical Reviews, Operations Research, Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, Mathematical and Computer Modeling, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Applied Mathematics Letters, and several others. He also served as consultant to many corporations and governments.     

Synthesis of CaCO3 crystals using hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose hydrogel as template

Calcium carbonate crystallization was performed in hydrogel of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC). Results showed that the polyhydroxy functionalities in HPMC gel network facilitated the nucleation of aragonite which was not found in experiment without HPMC hydrogel and in experiment using methylcellulose (MC) hydrogel as template. On the other hand, due to the unique assembly of the macromolecules in HPMC hydrogel network, which was different from other hydrogels used in some previous reports, particular crystal morphology, corncob-like CaCO_3, was obtained for the first time.     

形状优化设计敏度分析的参数法

本文对形状优化设计问题中的敏度分析,提出了一种解析算法,较好地解决了二维等参元的敏度分析计算问题。算例表明,方法是有效、可行的。     

一种基于网络图的电路状态方程列写方法

提出一种应用图论建立电路状态方程的方法，通过具体例子进一步介绍了建立图并由图得到状态方程的步骤。与其它同类方法相比，该方法更直观简捷，且无限制条件，可应用于任何电路。可看出，动态分析对于复杂电路是一种有效的方法。     

车用直喷式柴油机新型燃烧系统的研究

为改善车用直喷式柴油机的燃油经济性和排放．采用两种新型燃烧系统，即伞喷燃烧系统和挤流口式油膜雾化燃烧系统，组织均匀预混合气和最佳燃烧，获得燃油消耗率下降５％、烟度和噪声都明显降低的效果。试验表明，该燃烧系统具有实机应用的前景。     

Gene product expression of cyclin D<Subscript>2</Subscript> and p16 during the transition from cardiac myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy

The current study was to investigate mRNA expression of cyclin D₂ and p16 during the transition from cardiac myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy. Cultured cardiac myocytes (CM) and fibroblasts (FC) obtained from 1-day-old Sparague-Dawley rats were used in this study. We have determined (1) hyperplasia by cell growth curve and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS); and (2) ultrastructure by electron microscope observation; and (3) expresions of cyclin D₂ mRNA and p16 mRNA by using in situ hybridization and image analysis. The results were shown (1) Results of cell growth curve and FACS analysis showed CM could proliferate in the first 3 cultured days (4 days in postnatal development). But the ability decreased quickly, concomitant with the differentiation. (2) The ultrastructure of CM showed the large amount of myofilaments and mitochondrion and FC showed moderate amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. (3) The expression of cyclin D₂ mRNA in 3−, 4−, 5−day CM group was 0.89 times (p<0.05), 0.80 times (p<0.05) and 0.56 times (p<0.01) of that in 1-day group respectively. P16 mRNA in 2−, 3−, 4−, 5−day CM group were 1.63 times (p<0.01), 1.72 times (p<0.01), 1.99 times (p<0.01) and 2.84 times (p<0.01) of that in 1−day group respectively. It can be concluded that cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes could proliferate during the first 3 cultured days, but the ability of proliferation decreased, from the fourth day, concomitant with differentiation. Cyclin D₂ and p16 have the key roles during the transition from myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy. Biography: Zhang Yu-xia (1974-), female, Master, research direction: cardiovascular pathology.