Conflict Pattern Analysis: Preparing the Ground for Participation in Policy Implementation

The participation of non-state actors in implementation processes is often understood as a means to increase compliance efficiency. But the implementation of spatial policies frequently focuses on pre-established goals, processes and instruments and thus renders difficult open discourse and shared decision-making. This paper introduces conflict pattern analysis (CPA) as a tool that supports the analysis of the actual actor constellation in order to define efficient approaches that avoid common problems of participatory processes. CPA is a semi-formalised method that helps to identify key-actors, their relations and interaction amongst each other as well as their core beliefs, interests and resources. It aggregates this information to interaction patterns that can be compared, classified and linked to different participatory methods on a theoretically informed basis. Particularly on the local and regional level, this could be the first step for successful (participatory) implementation strategies.     

ROLE OF α-PSEUDO-UNIVEX FUNCTIONS IN VECTOR VARIATIONAL-LIKE INEQUALITY PROBLEMS

In this paper, we introduce a new class of generalized convex function, namely, a-pseudounivex function, by combining the concepts of pseudo-univex and α-invex functions. Further, we establish some relationships between vector variational-like inequality problems and vector optimization problems under the assumptions of α-pseudo-univex functions. Results obtained in this paper present a refinement and improvement of previously known results.     

A theoretical model for mid-and low-latitude ionospheric electric fields in realistic geomagnetic fields

The geomagnetic fields, which play important roles in the ionospheric dynamo, can greatly affect the global distribution of ionospheric electric fields, currents and other ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena. In the study of ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena, such as the longitudinal variations of ionospheric electric fields, the non-dipolar component of the geomagnetic fields must be taken into account. In this paper, we deduce a theoretical electric field model for ionospheric dynamo at mid- and low-latitude which adopt a modified magnetic apex coordinates system. In the new electric field model, the geomagnetic fields can be calculated from either the IGRF model or the dipole field model, and the neutral winds and conductivities are calculated based on empirical models. Then the dynamo equation for the electric potential is finally solved in terms of the line-by-line iteration method, and the ionospheric electric fields and currents are derived from the calculated potential. Our model can reproduce the main features of the ionospheric electrodynamics processes, so it will be a useful tool for the investigation of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere.     

微型低速短波数据终端的研制

短波信道是一种变参信道,存在严重的衰落和干扰。本文讨论了信道对数据信号传输的影响,并详细叙述了用于中短距离数据通信的微型短波数据终端的设计思想,最后还提供了该终端的硬件系统框图及信道实验结果。     

物理精炼菜籽油的前处理——菜籽油的物理精炼研究(Ⅱ)

本课题采用正交试验方法,对脱胶添加剂和国产脱色白土的种类、用量及其他操作条件进行筛选试验研究,将试验结果对贵州产二级毛菜籽油进行前处理,经水蒸汽精炼后可以制得合符标准的外销色拉油。     

中心城市现代远程开放教育教学管理模式的解析与建构

以广州电大的现代远程开放教育教学管理实践为案例,结合现代远程开放教育、中心城市和教学管理对象特点,分析了现代远程教育的内涵特点,构建了“开放辐射式”教学管理模式基本框架。     

“生态建设”这个词是可以用的

“生态环境”四个字连起来用是不恰当的。“生态环境建设”一词，当然也不宜使用。但“生态建设”这个词应该还是可以用的。我们进行国家中长期科技发展规划战略研究时，就用了这个词。我们专题的名称就是：“生态建设、环境保护与循环经济科技问题”。“生态建设”一词若译成英文应该是“ecological restoration”。其内涵包括了修复、重建、建设等概念，比“ecological construction”要宽泛一些。后者一般仅指工程建设。有人认为提生态建设就会鼓励人们搞人工生态系统。有人认为提生态建设就会鼓励人们搞人工生态系统。实际上，人工生态系统建设是不可避免的。比如在黄土高原，有些陡坡当然要靠自然修复，但是很多地方只能靠人工修复，如建梯田、种草、造林等。又如，北方冬春草场很少，就必须建设人工冬春场草地，以适应现代畜牧业的需要，使冬场和夏场能够平衡起来。这是放牧业必须走的道路，必须要建设。再如耕地都是人工生态系统。不要人工系统，只能都回到自然去，回到原始社会中。中国有不少生态问题，有很多退化生态系统，如果没有人工的建设，不建立一系列的人工生态系统，是不可能实现可持续发展的。现在有一种观点，凡是自然的，都不能动，动了就是不符合生态原则。我不同意这种观点。     

On the Foundations of Constructive Mathematics – Especially in Relation to the Theory of Continuous Functions

We discuss the foundations of constructive mathematics, including recursive mathematics and intuitionism, in relation to classical mathematics. There are connections with the foundations of physics, due to the way in which the different branches of mathematics reflect reality. Many different axioms and their interrelationship are discussed. We show that there is a fundamental problem in BISH (Bishop’s school of constructive mathematics) with regard to its current definition of ‘continuous function’. This problem is closely related to the definition in BISH of ‘locally compact’. Possible approaches to this problem are discussed. Topology seems to be a key to understanding many issues. We offer several new simplifying axioms, which can form bridges between the various branches of constructive mathematics and classical mathematics (‘reuniting the antipodes’). We give a simplification of basic intuitionistic theory, especially with regard to so-called ‘bar induction’. We then plead for a limited number of axiomatic systems, which differentiate between the various branches of mathematics. Finally, in the appendix we offer BISH an elegant topological definition of ‘locally compact’, which unlike the current definition is equivalent to the usual classical and/or intuitionistic definition in classical and intuitionistic mathematics, respectively.     

150m跨径PC矮塔斜拉桥施工技术介绍

山西太原市西北环高速公路汾河特大桥主桥采用预应力钢筋混凝土矮塔斜拉桥结构形式,本文主要介绍了大桥的施工概况和主要工序的技术、措施。