高气压高能放电小型低速风洞的研制

根据高能放电腔的特点以及放电对气体流量、流速和流场的要求,提出了应用于高气压强电离放电的小型低速风洞技术方案。该技术方案在满足流场、流速要求的前提下开展气动设计和结构设计,重点研究了总体结构、气流喷口和收集口的气动与结构设计、动力段气动与结构设计、流速调节控制、电机散热等关键技术。简要介绍了为某单位研制的应用于高能放电的小型风洞。现场应用表明,该小型风洞稳定可靠,是一种实用、有效的高气压高能放电气流循环装置。     

煤矸石和用后耐火材料合成多孔堇青石

以煤矸石、用后滑板砖和用后镁碳砖为原料,采用石墨、淀粉和复合添加剂为造孔剂,制备出多孔堇青石材料,并研究造孔剂种类、造孔剂加入量和合成温度对材料合成和材料性能的影响.实验结果表明:采用煤矸石和用后耐火材料为原料,在1350～1400℃高温下可以合成高纯度的堇青石材料;复合添加剂为最佳造孔剂,其合适加入量为15%～25%;当复合添加剂加入量为20%,在1350℃保温3h条件下,合成材料的气孔分布均匀贯通,其显气孔率为44.9%,热膨胀系数为2.14×10-6K-1,荷重软化点为1290℃,综合性能良好,具有优良的高温使用性能.     

圆钢管混凝土短柱轴压极限承载力分析

针对钢管混凝土短柱轴压状态,考虑屈服时钢管竖向应力对承载力的贡献,采用厚壁圆筒理论和双剪统一强度理论,对钢管进行极限承载力分析;对混凝土采用Drucker-Prager屈服理论进行钢管约束下的承载力的计算分析,两者叠加得到钢管混凝土的极限承载力计算公式,并与现有试验数据进行对比,结果吻合良好,为圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱极限承载力的计算提供了一种新的方法.     

Reducing excessive GABA-mediated tonic inhibition promotes functional recovery after stroke

Stroke is a leading cause of disability, but no pharmacological therapy is currently available for promoting recovery. The brain region adjacent to stroke damage-the peri-infarct zone-is critical for rehabilitation, as it shows heightened neuroplasticity, allowing sensorimotor functions to re-map from damaged areas. Thus, understanding the neuronal properties constraining this plasticity is important for the development of new treatments. Here we show that after a stroke in mice, tonic neuronal inhibition is increased in the peri-infarct zone. This increased tonic inhibition is mediated by extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors and is caused by an impairment in GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) transporter (GAT-3/GAT-4) function. To counteract the heightened inhibition, we administered in vivo a benzodiazepine inverse agonist specific for α5-subunit-containing extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors at a delay after stroke. This treatment produced an early and sustained recovery of motor function. Genetically lowering the number of α5- or δ-subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors responsible for tonic inhibition also proved beneficial for recovery after stroke, consistent with the therapeutic potential of diminishing extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptor function. Together, our results identify new pharmacological targets and provide the rationale for a novel strategy to promote recovery after stroke and possibly other brain injuries.     

武器装备体系优化方法研究进展

武器装备体系优化是充分发挥体系效能、提高体系作战能力的重要途径。首先,论述了武器装备体系和体系优化的概念;然后,分析了当前7种主要体系优化方法--三层综合优化法、探索性方法、可执行模型法、对抗仿真优化法、多层次多阶段方法、多目标协同优化方法和数学规划法,比较各种方法的适用范围、选用模型的类型、模型关键要素、优点和不足等。最后,提出武器装备体系优化亟待解决的4个问题,为武器装备体系优化的进一步研究提供支持。     

Finding the topology of implicitly defined two algebraic plane curves

An algorithm is given for computing in a very efficient way the topology of two real algebraic plane curves defined implicitly.The authors preform a symbolic pre-processing that allows us later to execute all numerical computations in an accurate way.     

Modeling and forecasting of stock markets under a system adaptation framework

This paper adopts the concept of dynamic feedback systems to model the behavior of financial markets,or more specifically,the stock market from a dynamic system point of view.Based on a feedback adaptation scheme,the authors model the movement of a stock market index within a framework that is composed of an internal dynamic model and an adaptive filter.The output-error model is adopted as the internal model whereas the adaptive filter is a time-varying state space model with instrumental variables.Its input-output behavior,and internal as well as external forces are then identified.Special attention has also been paid to the recent financial crisis by examining the movement of Dow Jones Industrial Average(DJIA) as an example to illustrate the advantage of the proposed framework.Supported by time-varying causality tests,five influential factors from economic and sentiment aspects are introduced as the input of this framework.Testing results show that the proposed framework has a much better prediction performance than the existing methods,especially in complicated economic situations.An application of this framework is also presented with focuses on forecasting the turning periods of the market trend.Realizing that a market trend is about to change when the external force begins to exhibit clear patterns in its frequency responses,the authors develop a set of rules to recognize this kind of clear patterns.These rules work well for stock indexes from US, China and Singapore.     

Al_(88)Co_4Y_6Er_2非晶合金的晶化动力学行为

采用单辊旋淬法制备了Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金,差热分析手段研究了该非晶合金晶化动力学性能.根据约化玻璃转变温度Trg,发现Er(2at%)元素部分取代Al88Co4Y8非晶合金中的Y元素后,得到的Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金具有更强的玻璃形成能力.计算得到Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金的晶化激活能,初始晶化激活能为381 kJ·mol-1,发现Al88Co4Y6Er2非晶合金具有很好的热稳定性.     

Lateral presynaptic inhibition mediates gain control in an olfactory circuit

Olfactory signals are transduced by a large family of odorant receptor proteins, each of which corresponds to a unique glomerulus in the first olfactory relay of the brain. Crosstalk between glomeruli has been proposed to be important in olfactory processing, but it is not clear how these interactions shape the odour responses of second-order neurons. In the Drosophila antennal lobe (a region analogous to the vertebrate olfactory bulb), we selectively removed most interglomerular input to genetically identified second-order olfactory neurons. Here we show that this broadens the odour tuning of these neurons, implying that interglomerular inhibition dominates over interglomerular excitation. The strength of this inhibitory signal scales with total feedforward input to the entire antennal lobe, and has similar tuning in different glomeruli. A substantial portion of this interglomerular inhibition acts at a presynaptic locus, and our results imply that this is mediated by both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors on the same nerve terminal.