延安地区山西组泥页岩岩相及沉积相特征

目前世界能源发展由化石能源向新能源转化,天然气作为清洁的化石能源是两者过渡最好的选择。鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区山西组地层是中国陆相页岩气勘探潜力较大的层系,近年来已经获得了巨大的勘探开发成果。为进一步加深对该地区的地质认识,以鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区山西组泥页岩为研究对象,综合应用野外露头、岩心、测井等资料,开展山西组岩石类型、岩相类型、沉积相展布研究。结果表明：延安地区山西组泥页岩主要发育泥质硅质页岩（S-3）、黏土岩（CM）、含钙/硅质黏土页岩(CM-1)、含钙/黏土质硅质混合页岩(M-2)四种岩相类型。页岩、粉砂质泥岩、碳质泥岩、细粒砂岩4种岩石类型。发育滨浅湖亚相、三角洲前缘亚相和前三角洲亚相,研究区水下分流河道砂体呈南北条带状发育。通过有机质成熟度（Ro）、有机碳含量（TOC）、暗色泥岩厚度将岩相进一步划分为3种类型,其中Ⅰ型岩相为油气勘探有利岩相,在山1段主要分布在延长东部地区、北部地区,山2段主要分布在甘泉下寺湾地区。     

考虑地质分层约束的长短期记忆循环神经网络测井曲线重构

延长油田东部裸眼井区早期测井资料普遍只有自然电位（SP）、自然伽马（GR）及梯度电阻率(R2.5)三条曲线,因缺失声波（AC）、地层电阻率（RT）等测井曲线,难以满足精细油藏地质研究需求。东部裸眼井区开发时间长、单井产量低,重新测井缺乏可行性及经济性。采用长短期记忆循环神经网络(Long Short-Term Memory,LSTM)进行缺失测井曲线重构是一种经济有效方法,适用于地层测井序列数据。然而延长油田东部浅层油藏上覆黄土层段测井数据信号干扰大,直接应用模型精度较差。针对此问题,本文采用考虑地质分层约束的LSTM模型进行缺失测井曲线的重构,通过分层数据截取每口井长6层段测井数据作为样本数据,既保留了LSTM模型处理序列数据的优势,同时又避免了上覆黄土层测井数据对模型的干扰。利用裸眼井区完整测井数据进行模型训练优化和验证,讨论了考虑地质分层约束的LSTM测井曲线重构精度,结果表明通过引入地质分层约束,模型重构测井曲线精度更高。应用优化后模型实现裸眼井区50口仅有GR、SP、R2.5三条曲线数据井的AC、RT曲线重构,对50口井的142个射孔段进行二次解释,对比试油解释结论符合率达到89.4%,验证了该方法对测井曲线重构的实用性和有效性。     

实景三维模型缺陷修复关键技术

为了有效提高实景三维模型反映各类型地理要素的准确度和精细度以充分支撑实景三维中国建设工作,本文首先将当前无人机倾斜摄影三维重建后的三维模型中存在的模型缺陷系统性分为四大类型,并分析其产生的原因。随后,本文针对性地提出了三种关键技术：一是基于连通性和欧氏距离聚类的交互式悬浮物去除,利用图割理论和随机一致性抽样算法识别和删除悬浮物;二是基于图割理论的水面半自动整平,在利用Grabcut算法提取水面区域的同时为其赋予统一高程以实现水面的平整;三是基于深度网络模型的水体纹理inpainting填充,利用卷积神经网络和深度对抗训练以获得水体纹理的特征和结构从而实现水体缺失纹理的修复。最后,本文利用湖北省宜昌市的实际生产数据进行了修复实验,实验结果表明本文提出的各项关键技术能够有效修复三维模型缺陷,从而使实景三维模型具备更精细的地理实体和地理景观还原度。     

外用碳酸氢钠在高水平足球运动员高强度间歇训练期的试验

碳酸氢钠对提高运动员竞技表现水平和缓解运动疲劳有较好效果,但运动员口服碳酸氢钠会有碱中毒、肠胃反应、心律失常等副作用,从而无法在竞技体育中广泛应用。目的：研究碳酸氢钠经皮肤外涂给药对男子足球运动员的高强度间歇训练期间血清指标和延迟性肌肉酸痛的影响。方 法：选取16名高水平男子足球运动员为研究对象,每天为其分别涂抹碳酸氢钠外用乳剂和安慰剂乳剂后,分别在7天高强度间歇训练后对训练后的主观疲劳程度和下肢延迟性肌肉酸痛程度进行统计,对训练前后血乳酸、肌酸激酶、尿素氮、血红蛋白等血液生化指标、训练期的训练刺激量、最大心率、能量消耗、有氧和无氧训练效果指标,跑动距离、跑动速度、加速度、高速跑距离、总负荷等运动表现指标进行分析。结 果：在一次高强度间歇训练前后,实验组相比对照组,血乳酸升高数值显著降低（p< 0.05）,肌酸激酶升高数值增高,血尿素氮升高幅度降低;在7天训练期,相比于对照组,实验组的下肢DOMS和RPE总体水平显著降低（p< 0.05）,下肢DOMS数值在第2天和第6天显著下降（p< 0.05）;在反映训练强度和训练效果的TRIMP数值上,实验组的总体水平高于对照组,且变化幅度更小。实验组运动员训练的无氧训练效果、EPOC峰值、最大心率、能量消耗相比于对照组均有所提升,其中最大心率、无氧训练效果有显著性提升（p< 0.05）。结 论：碳酸氢钠的外涂给药可以显著降低足球运动员高强度间歇训练带来的肌肉延迟性酸痛,并显著降低高强度训练产生的血液血乳酸浓度升高,有利于高强度训练后的无氧训练效果提升,使得运动员心率储备能力和快速恢复能力的增强,从而促进专项运动能力的提升。     

复方蒙药广枣-肉豆蔻片的制备与质量控制

研究了广枣-肉豆蔻片的制备过程并对其质量进行控制。基于《中国药典》(2020年版)片剂项要求,考察片剂的外观性状、硬度、崩解时限、重量差异及脆碎度;采用高效液相色谱法测定广枣-肉豆蔻片中4种抗氧化成分的含量。结果表明,片剂外表光滑,色泽均匀,硬度值处于30～40 N,崩解时限控制在10 min内,脆碎度小于1%;槲皮素、原儿茶酸、甲基丁香酚、肉豆蔻醚分别在0.16～0.8μg/mL(r=0.999)、4～20μg/mL(r=0.999)、8～40μg/mL(r=0.999)、100～500μg/mL(r=0.999)内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为99.3%、101.6%、100.3%、99.3%。且方法学验证项下精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)数值均未超过2%。该含量测定方法操作简便、专属性强、结果准确可靠,可为复方蒙药广枣-肉豆蔻片的质量标准提供参考。     

柑桔SOD对冷冻条件的反应

４种经低温锻炼的柑桔愈伤组织在系列冰冻温度下,抗寒性较强的山金柑愈伤组织ＳＯＤ活性上升后回落到对照水平以下,其余３种（抗寒力较弱）则无峰值出现,ＣＡＴ活性亦以山金柑变化最为显著。细胞ＭＤＡ含量的累积与品种抗冻力发展同步。经ＳＯＤ抑制剂（ＤＤＣ,二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠）和外源自由基清除剂的初步试验表明：ＳＯＤ与柑桔的抗寒性密切相关。     

Attentional negativity bias moderated by positive mood arousal

Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias. An event-related potentials (ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal. The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.     

Cluster Synchronization in a Complex Dynamical Network with Two Nonidentical Clusters

This paper further investigates cluster synchronization in a complex dynamical network with two-cluster. Each cluster contains a number of identical dynamical systems, however, the subsystems composing the two clusters can be different, i.e., the individual dynamical system in one cluster can differ from that in the other cluster. Complete synchronization within each cluster is possible only if each node from one cluster receives the same input from nodes in other cluster. In this case, the stability condition of one-cluster synchronization is known to contain two terms： the first accounts for the contribution of the inner-cluster coupling structure while the second is simply an extra linear term, which can be deduced by the ＂same-input＂ condition. Applying the connection graph stability method, the authors obtain an upper bound of input strength for one cluster if the first account is known, by which the synchronizability of cluster can be scaled. For different clusters, there are different upper bound of input strength by virtue of different dynamics and the corresponding cluster structure. Moreover, two illustrative examples are presented and the numerical simulations coincide with the theoretical analysis.     

Optimal maintenance and replacement of extraction machinery

This paper considers a problem of optimal preventive maintenance and replacement schedule of equipment devoted to extracting resources from known deposits. Typical examples are oil drills, mine shovels, etc. At most one replacement of the existing machinery by a new one is allowed. The problem is formulated as an optimal control problem subject to the state constraint that the remaining deposit at any given time is nonnegative. We show that the optimal preventive maintenance, production rates, and the replacement and salvage times of the existing machinery and the new one, if required, can be obtained by solving sequentially a series of free-end-point optimal control problems. Moreover, an algorithm based on this result is developed and used to solve two illustrative examples.     

An improved branch-and-bound algorithm to minimize the weighted flowtime on identical parallel machines with family setup times

This article investigates identical parallel machines scheduling with family setup times. The objective function being the weighted sum of completion times, the problem is known to be strongly NP-hard. We propose a constructive heuristic algorithm and three complementary lower bounds. Two of these bounds proceed by elimination of setup times or by distributing each of them to jobs of the corresponding family, while the third one is based on a lagrangian relaxation. The bounds and the heuristic are incorporated into a branch-and-bound algorithm. Experimental results obtained outperform those of the methods presented in previous works, in term of size of solved problems.