Genetic diversity in the Yangtze finless porpoise by RAPD analysis

To estimate the genetic diversity in the Yangtze finless porpoise ( Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis), the randomly amplified polymorphie DNA technique was applied to examine ten animals captured from the Yangtze River. Out of 20 arbitrary primers used in the experiment, seventeen produced clearly reproducible bands. Calculated by Nei‘s formula d = 1-NAB/NT, the genetic distances ranged from O. 0986 to O. 5634. Compared with other cetacean populations, this genetic distance is quite low.Such a low genetic diversity suggests that this population may be suffering from reduced genetic variation,and be very fragile. More studies are needed for understanding the basis for this apparent low genetic diversity and to help protect this endangered, unique population.     

Coordination-theoretic approach to modelling grid service composition process

A grid service composite process is made up of complex coordinative activities. Developing the appropriate model of grid service coordinative activities is an important foundation for the grid service composition. According to the coordination theory, this paper elaborates the process of the grid service composition by using UML 2.0, and proposes an approach to modelling the grid service composition process based on the coordination theory. This approach helps not only to analyze accurately the task activities and relevant dependencies among task activities, but also to facilitate the adaptability of the grid service orchestration to further realize the connectivity, timeliness, appropriateness and expansibility of the grid service composition.     

The Cause Analysis and Preventive Measures of Welding Cracks

裂纹是焊接工艺中常见的缺陷,也是最危险的焊接缺陷之一,轻则影响生产活动,重则引发安全事故.为此,焊接裂缝问题引起了工程建设界的广泛关注.文章阐述了不同焊接裂纹产生的原因及主要预防措施,并结合具体工程案例,分析了引起焊接冷裂纹的原因、因素及对策,以预防焊接裂纹的出现.     

垫层土拱效应试验与计算方法

为了研究刚性桩复合地基垫层土拱效应的作用机理,通过可视化模型箱对不同桩间距及垫层厚度的刚性桩复合地基进行室内模型试验,并对加载过程中桩顶及桩间土压力进行测试.利用数码相机拍摄数字照片观测垫层土体的变形,由垫层土体的位移场得出垫层内土拱几何形状,提出了二维土拱分析模型,运用二维力学方法对土拱分析模型进行计算,求解出桩顶及桩间土应力,并利用室内模型试验数据对理论解进行验证.结果表明,土拱分析模型计算结果与试验数据吻合较好,当垫层厚度与桩间距之比达到0.7时,垫层内部开始产生土拱.土拱分析模型的建立对于土拱效应作用机理和刚性桩复合地基垫层受力机理的揭示具有一定的参考价值.     

利用改进粒子群求解TSP 问题的一种新方法

借鉴蚁群算法中的信息素机制,并利用粒子群算法操作简单、易于实现、计算量小的特点,给出一种 新的求解TSP问题方法。对基本粒子群算法进行了改进,针对多样性下降导致的局部最优问题,设计了一种 自动调节机制。根据群体适应度的差异计算多样性,并在群体多样性下降到一定程度时,随机退化部分适应 值较高的粒子,增强群体的多样性。通过对旅行商问题的对比实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

风力发电变流器发展现状与展望

风电机组宽泛的使用环境,使作为机组关键设备之一的大容量变流器必须满足高功率密度、高可靠性与优良控制性能等要求。国产风电变流器的研发近几年有了较快的发展,但总体上依然落后于国外先进水平。文章对风电变流器,重点是直驱式全功率变流器的若干关键技术做了介绍,给出了相关问题的解决思路。     

高层建筑刚性桩复合地基承载受力性状研究

为研究高层建筑刚性桩复合地基的工作机理和荷载传递特性,在南京某高层建筑刚性桩复合地基工程现场进行了多项复合地基原位载荷试验与应力测试.根据试验数据,对复合地基承载机理、应力分布和变化规律进行了分析与探讨.对四桩复合载荷试验进行了数值模拟,分析结果与实测数据吻合较好.研究结果表明:桩体对桩间土的加固效果随荷载水平增加而提高,桩间土承载力提高系数为1.16,发挥系数为0.88~1.00;桩土应力比随荷载增加而增大,最终稳定于15~17之间;加载过程中,刚性桩的承载力发挥滞后于桩间土,桩侧阻力的发挥早于桩端.基于试验和数值模拟的结果,提出承载力取值标准的建议,可供同类工程设计和研究参考.     

微通道反应器内富氢重整气中CO选择性甲烷化净化

将4Ni-2Ru/ZrO2双金属催化剂均匀涂布到微通道反应器中,运用CO选择性甲烷化方法来净化富氢重整气中的CO。考察了焙烧温度、催化剂的涂布方法和CTAB/Zr的比例对催化剂性能的影响。实验结果表明：CTAB/Zr=0.35、350 ℃焙烧所制备的催化剂表现出良好的低温活性。反应温度240 ℃时可将CO的出口浓度降低到11 ppm,在温度240～300 ℃、空速13000～20000 h-1的范围内CO的转化率都可达99%以上,CO2的转化率不超过7%。     

基于相对测距的水下目标定位算法

在没有星基、地基及水下时空基准信息的辅助下,为解决对水下目标精密定位问题,提出了一种基于水面舰船间相对测距和目标到达角的水下机动目标定位算法(UTPA)。通过联合水面舰船间电磁波相对距离观测和水下声学测角信息建立定位方程,考虑到目标定位方程求解中的异类信息融合权比失配问题,利用Helmert方差分量估计完成目标相对位置的迭代求解。Monte Carlo仿真表明:基于Helmert权比自适应调整的UTPA的定位偏差仅为典型的单平台声学定位技术的10%。     

Experimental study on load bearing behavior of large scaled caps with pile groups

The objective of this investigation was to study the behavior of deep pile caps and the ultimate load-carrying capacity. Four 1/10 scaled models of nine-pile caps were cast and tested on vertical loads to failure. The destruction shapes of pile caps,the correlation between load and displacement,and the internal stresses were analyzed systematically. The results demonstrated that the failures of all the four models are resulted from punching shear; the internal flow of the forces in nine-pile caps can be approximated by ＂strut-and-tie＂ model. Furthermore,the failure loads of these specimens were predicted by some of the present design methods and the calculated results were compared with the experimental loads. The comparative results also indicated that the ＂strut-and-tie＂ model is a more reasonable design method for deep pile caps design.