指路标志信息连贯性设计

指路标志对人们的出行有着非常良好的指引作用,良好的指路标志设计可提高驾驶人的通行效率。路网中节点处标志信息量的多少会影响驾驶员对标志信息的识读,进而影响到整个路网的通行效率。因此,通过引入节点的指路标志信息量作为惩罚系数,计算得出路段成本,建立OD间指引路径规划模型,结合A*算法,遍历整个路网,最后得出OD间的最优指引路径,通过在指引路径上增设指路信息,从而完善OD间指路标志信息的连贯性,更好的引导驾驶员做路径选择,降低路网中的交通压力。并选取甘肃省庆阳市的火车站(O点)到人民医院(D点)的区域进行实际应用与分析。     

极端降雨对黄土沟壑区隧洞施工力学效应影响分析

黄土地区输水隧洞的建设中,降雨入渗极大影响着输水隧洞围岩稳定性。本文利用非饱和渗流理论和数值模拟方法研究了极端降雨条件入渗与黄土沟壑区隧洞的开挖扰动耦合影响下围岩的变形和渗流场演变规律,通过Plaxis3D模型对降雨入渗下新奥法施工过程中围岩力学特性、初期支护过程进行流固耦合分析。结果显示,降雨等级越高,围岩孔隙水压力变化幅度越大,对围岩的稳定性越不利;降雨入渗与开挖扰动会加速土层中渗流场和应力场的重分布过程;基于沟道的汇水特性,隧洞围岩含水率在最初5~10 d呈台阶式增长,拱顶、拱腰和拱趾处的最大变形为17.8 mm、28.2 mm、24.6 mm,最大剪切应力为175.3 kPa、182.5 kPa、150.6 kPa,降雨结束约15~20 d围岩变形速率逐渐减小收敛至特定值,但围岩的应力持续增加,为避免围岩发生塑性变形,故可在15~20 d进行二次衬砌支护。本次研究结果可对极端降雨期黄土沟壑地区隧洞施工安全控制提供参考。     

喷涂角度对螺栓表面涂层厚度均匀性的影响

针对工程中采用铝涂料涂覆螺栓时螺栓表面铝涂层易出现的厚度不均匀问题,研究喷涂角度对螺栓表面涂层均匀性的影响规律。对喷涂系统的喷嘴和螺栓进行建模,通过计算流体动力学仿真软件Fluent建立了雾化流场的气液两相流物理模型,使用DPM模型分析了流场中气相和液相的相互作用,获得了在不同角度下的喷涂流场,预测了螺栓表面液膜沉积厚度。搭建了喷涂试验系统并与模拟结果进行了验证,模拟和试验研究均表明在喷涂角度为30°时螺栓表面涂层均匀性最佳。     

Scale invariant features extraction for stereo vision

Stable local feature detection is a fundamental component of many stereo vision problems such as 3-D reconstruction, object localization, and object tracking. A robust method for extracting scale-invariant feature points is presented. First, the Harris corners in three-level pyramid are extracted. Then, the points detected at the highest level of the pyramid are correctly propagated to the lower level by pyramid based scale invariant (PBSI) method. The corners detected repeatedly in different levels are chosen as final feature points. Finally, the characteristic scale is obtained based on maximum entropy method. The experimental results show that the algorithm has low computation cost, strong antinoise capability, and excellent performance in the presence of significant scale changes.     

Co@CNTs的制备及性能表征

采用球磨处理增加碳纳米管的结构缺陷,提高其反应活性,并以简单水热法合成了Co@CNTs复合物.用XRD、SEM、TEM对其结构和形貌进行了表征.结果显示,球磨处理后CNTs长度变短,复合物中CNTs与Co分布均匀,Co为纳米颗粒且有部分生长在CNTs表面.电化学性能测试结果表明,Co@CNTs电极比Co电极具有更高的放电容量、更好的循环稳定性及抗腐蚀性能.     

炼油装置加热炉节能存在的问题及解决措施

分析目前炼油装置加热炉运行过程中存在的主要问题,并针对这些问题进行探讨;提出通过优化换热流程、联合回收余热、提高加热炉效率等来解决这些问题,从而优化加热炉运行,达到节能的目的。     

Effect of Y_2O_3 content in the pack mixtures on microstructure and oxidation resistance of B–Y modified silicide coating

B–Y modified silicide coatings were prepared on Nb–Si based alloy by pack cementation at 1300 ℃ for 10 h. The effect of Y_2O_3 content in the pack mixtures on microstructure and oxidation resistance of the coatings was investigated. The results show that the four coatings have similar structures, which possess a(Nb,X)Si_2 outer layer and a(Nb,X)_5Si_3 transitional layer. Y_2O_3 content in the pack mixtures has an obvious effect on the Si content in the coating. The mass gains of the coatings prepared with 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 wt% Y_2O_3 in pack mixtures are 2.33, 1.96, 2.05 and 2.86 mg/cm~2 after oxidation at 1250 ℃ for 100 h, respectively. The coating prepared with 1 wt% Y_2O_3 exhibits the best oxidation resistance due to the formation of a dense glass-like borosilicate scale.     

锂硫聚合物二次电池关键材料研究进展

报告了在复合型纳米硫正极材料、纳米储锂合金负极材料和用原位合成工艺掺入纳米二氧化硅的凝 胶型聚合物电解质的研制方面所取得的进展;所研制的复合型纳米硫正极材料与凝胶电解质及锂金属负极配合 制成扣式实验电池进行测试,容量已达到７００mAh桙g,发现该材料放电电压是现有锂钴氧材料放电电压的一半, 双电池串联可以与现有锂钴氧材料电池互换;采用微乳液新工艺合成的Cu－Sn纳米合金材料,以石墨与金属锡 复合的材料,以及以金属氧化物作为原料,采用乳液法制备碳微球镶嵌金属锡的球形复合材料等高容量负极材 料取得了较大的进展     

Enhanced anti-sunward flow near local noon during a period of horizontal IMF and high solar wind velocity <Emphasis Type="Italic">V</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Y</Emphasis></Subscript>

It is believed that a southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is mainly responsible for the energy input from solar wind into the magnetosphere. This paper presents an unusual case of strong anti-sunward plasma flow (up to 2 km/s) in the polar cap ionosphere and large cross-polar cap potential (CPCP) during a period of horizontal IMF (|B _Z | < 2 nT) observed by both ACE (at the L1 point) and Geotail (on the dusk flank of the magnetosheath). The CPCP is even higher than that under preceding B _Z ≈ −23 nT. Furthermore, GOES8 observed that the magnetosheath field turns northward as the anti-sunward plasma flow and CPCP start to increase, which implies that the magnetosheath field interacting with the Earth’s magnetopause has significantly rotated and differs from the IMF observed by ACE and Geotail. In accordance with previous theoretical work, we suggest that the magnetic field line draping produces a southward magnetosheath field and enhances anti-sunward plasma flow and the CPCP.     

Angular dependent NEXAFS study of the molecular orientation of PTCDA multilayers on Au （111） surface

The molecular orientation of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) multilayers adsorbed on Au (111) surface has been investigated using angular dependent O K-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The significant angular dependence of important resonant structures (π* and σ*) reveals that PTCDA molecules adopt an ordered geometry on the substrate surface. The average tilt angle of the PTCDA molecular planes is 27°±10° from the Au (111) surface.