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81.
A YAC-based physical map of the mouse genome. 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
C Nusbaum D K Slonim K L Harris B W Birren R G Steen L D Stein J Miller W F Dietrich R Nahf V Wang O Merport A B Castle Z Husain G Farino D Gray M O Anderson R Devine L T Horton W Ye X Wu V Kouyoumjian I S Zemsteva Y Wu A J Collymore D F Courtney J Tam M Cadman A R Haynes C Heuston T Marsland A Southwell P Trickett M A Strivens M T Ross W Makalowski Y Xu M S Boguski N P Carter P Denny S D Brown T J Hudson E S Lander 《Nature genetics》1999,22(4):388-393
A physical map of the mouse genome is an essential tool for both positional cloning and genomic sequencing in this key model system for biomedical research. Indeed, the construction of a mouse physical map with markers spaced at an average interval of 300 kb is one of the stated goals of the Human Genome Project. Here we report the results of a project at the Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research to construct such a physical map of the mouse. We built the map by screening sequenced-tagged sites (STSs) against a large-insert yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) library and then integrating the STS-content information with a dense genetic map. The integrated map shows the location of 9,787 loci, providing landmarks with an average spacing of approximately 300 kb and affording YAC coverage of approximately 92% of the mouse genome. We also report the results of a project at the MRC UK Mouse Genome Centre targeted at chromosome X. The project produced a YAC-based map containing 619 loci (with 121 loci in common with the Whitehead map and 498 additional loci), providing especially dense coverage of this sex chromosome. The YAC-based physical map directly facilitates positional cloning of mouse mutations by providing ready access to most of the genome. More generally, use of this map in addition to a newly constructed radiation hybrid (RH) map provides a comprehensive framework for mouse genomic studies. 相似文献
82.
Shaw-Smith C Pittman AM Willatt L Martin H Rickman L Gribble S Curley R Cumming S Dunn C Kalaitzopoulos D Porter K Prigmore E Krepischi-Santos AC Varela MC Koiffmann CP Lees AJ Rosenberg C Firth HV de Silva R Carter NP 《Nature genetics》2006,38(9):1032-1037
Recently, the application of array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) has improved rates of detection of chromosomal imbalances in individuals with mental retardation and dysmorphic features. Here, we describe three individuals with learning disability and a heterozygous deletion at chromosome 17q21.3, detected in each case by array CGH. FISH analysis demonstrated that the deletions occurred as de novo events in each individual and were between 500 kb and 650 kb in size. A recently described 900-kb inversion that suppresses recombination between ancestral H1 and H2 haplotypes encompasses the deletion. We show that, in each trio, the parent of origin of the deleted chromosome 17 carries at least one H2 chromosome. This region of 17q21.3 shows complex genomic architecture with well-described low-copy repeats (LCRs). The orientation of LCRs flanking the deleted segment in inversion heterozygotes is likely to facilitate the generation of this microdeletion by means of non-allelic homologous recombination. 相似文献
83.
Abd El-Aziz MM Barragan I O'Driscoll CA Goodstadt L Prigmore E Borrego S Mena M Pieras JI El-Ashry MF Safieh LA Shah A Cheetham ME Carter NP Chakarova C Ponting CP Bhattacharya SS Antinolo G 《Nature genetics》2008,40(11):1285-1287
Using a positional cloning approach supported by comparative genomics, we have identified a previously unreported gene, EYS, at the RP25 locus on chromosome 6q12 commonly mutated in autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa. Spanning over 2 Mb, this is the largest eye-specific gene identified so far. EYS is independently disrupted in four other mammalian lineages, including that of rodents, but is well conserved from Drosophila to man and is likely to have a role in the modeling of retinal architecture. 相似文献
84.
Perry GH Dominy NJ Claw KG Lee AS Fiegler H Redon R Werner J Villanea FA Mountain JL Misra R Carter NP Lee C Stone AC 《Nature genetics》2007,39(10):1256-1260
Starch consumption is a prominent characteristic of agricultural societies and hunter-gatherers in arid environments. In contrast, rainforest and circum-arctic hunter-gatherers and some pastoralists consume much less starch. This behavioral variation raises the possibility that different selective pressures have acted on amylase, the enzyme responsible for starch hydrolysis. We found that copy number of the salivary amylase gene (AMY1) is correlated positively with salivary amylase protein level and that individuals from populations with high-starch diets have, on average, more AMY1 copies than those with traditionally low-starch diets. Comparisons with other loci in a subset of these populations suggest that the extent of AMY1 copy number differentiation is highly unusual. This example of positive selection on a copy number-variable gene is, to our knowledge, one of the first discovered in the human genome. Higher AMY1 copy numbers and protein levels probably improve the digestion of starchy foods and may buffer against the fitness-reducing effects of intestinal disease. 相似文献
85.
A R Fersht J P Shi J Knill-Jones D M Lowe A J Wilkinson D M Blow P Brick P Carter M M Waye G Winter 《Nature》1985,314(6008):235-238
The role of complementary hydrogen bonding as a determinant of biological specificity has been examined by protein engineering of the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. Deletion of a side chain between enzyme and substrate to leave an unpaired, uncharged hydrogen-bond donor or acceptor weakens binding energy by only 0.5-1.5 kcal mol-1. But the presence of an unpaired and charged donor or acceptor weakens binding by a further approximately 3 kcal mol-1. 相似文献
86.
87.
G. Morpurgo P. Battaglia N. D. Carter G. Modiano S. Passi 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1972,28(11):1280-1283
Riassunto Europei e Sherpas hanno mostrato, dopo una permanenza di 3–4 giorni ad una altitudine di circa 5000 metri, normali P50 (a pH 7.4 ed a pH 6.8) ed effetto Bohr (molto variabile negli Europei) ed elevato contenuto ematico di 2–3 DPG. 相似文献
88.
On concomitant immunity in tumour-bearing hamsters 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
89.
90.
Barbieri CE Baca SC Lawrence MS Demichelis F Blattner M Theurillat JP White TA Stojanov P Van Allen E Stransky N Nickerson E Chae SS Boysen G Auclair D Onofrio RC Park K Kitabayashi N MacDonald TY Sheikh K Vuong T Guiducci C Cibulskis K Sivachenko A Carter SL Saksena G Voet D Hussain WM Ramos AH Winckler W Redman MC Ardlie K Tewari AK Mosquera JM Rupp N Wild PJ Moch H Morrissey C Nelson PS Kantoff PW Gabriel SB Golub TR Meyerson M Lander ES Getz G Rubin MA Garraway LA 《Nature genetics》2012,44(6):685-689