Ipr1 gene mediates innate immunity to tuberculosis

An estimated eight million people are infected each year with the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and more than two million die annually. Yet only about 10% of those infected develop tuberculosis. Genetic variation within host populations is known to be significant in humans and animals, but the nature of genetic control of host resistance to tuberculosis remains poorly understood. Previously we mapped a new genetic locus on mouse chromosome 1, designated sst1 (for supersusceptibility to tuberculosis 1). Here we show that this locus mediates innate immunity in sst1 congenic mouse strains and identify a candidate gene, Intracellular pathogen resistance 1 (Ipr1), within the sst1 locus. The Ipr1 gene is upregulated in the sst1 resistant macrophages after activation and infection, but it is not expressed in the sst1 susceptible macrophages. Expression of the Ipr1 transgene in the sst1 susceptible macrophages limits the multiplication not only of M. tuberculosis but also of Listeria monocytogenes and switches a cell death pathway of the infected macrophages from necrosis to apoptosis. Our data indicate that the Ipr1 gene product might have a previously undocumented function in integrating signals generated by intracellular pathogens with mechanisms controlling innate immunity, cell death and pathogenesis.     

我国航空客运量需求预测模型:基于随机前沿预测模型和模型平均

针对多数研究以产品或服务的历史消费量来代替不可观测的需求量而导致的需求预测出现实质性偏差的问题，本文将包含技术无效率项的随机前沿预测模型应用于航空客运量需求的预测，从而有效解决实质性偏差的问题.同时我们在此基础上引入一种模型平均权重确定方法，即通过最小化M折交叉验证准则（CV_M）确定候选模型权重.本文证明了该方法在理论上的最优性.由于模型中技术无效项的存在，我们可以同时预测航空客运量的实际产生量和需求量，实证研究也表明，相比其他常用的预测方法，该方法在预测航空客运量中长期的实际产生量上更具优势.     

Theoretical calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC(110) surface

We present a theoretical calculation of the atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC and its non-polar (110) surface using the full potential linear augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) approach. The calculated lattice constant and bulk modulus of β-SiC crystal are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC(110) surface has been calculated by employing the slab and supercell model. It is found that the surface is characterized by a top-layer bond-length-contracting rotation relaxation in which the Si-surface atom moves closer towards the substrate while the C-surface atom moves outward. This relaxation is analogous to that of Ⅲ-Ⅴ semi-conductor surface. The driving mechanism for this atomic rearrangement is that the Si atom tends to a planar sp2-like bonding situation with its three N neighbors and the N atom tends to a p3-like bonding with its three Si neighbors. Furthermore, surface relaxation induces the change from metallic to semiconducting characterization.     

美国决策支持系统开发现状

本文介绍了决策支持系统(DSS)在美国的应用,DSS的分析与设计方法以及DSS的开发策略;介绍了一种新型的满足高级行政管理人员需求的管理支持系统——执行信息系统EIS(Executive Information System)。     

计算网络系统可靠度下限的二种M—C方法及结果分析

本文研究系统可靠性结构为网络型,已知分系统的可靠性估计值,然后转化为折合的成败型数据。用二种蒙特卡罗(M—C)方法对网络系统进行可靠性综合,最后对计算结果进行分析。     

基于深度学习的心血管血流动力学参数反演

考虑现有血流动力学参数反演方法在实际应用中存在计算量大、迭代易发散等问题,提出一种新的基于深度学习的心血管血流动力学参数反演方法.首先建立一维-零维耦合的多尺度血流动力学模型;随后基于卷积神经网络和全连接神经网络提出一种用于参数反演的混合多源输入深度网络模型;针对测量波形中的噪声干扰问题,提出一种同时利用多个深度网络的...     

高碳海绵铁电化学絮凝处理铅锌冶炼厂制酸废水

 采用高碳海绵铁(含13.00% C,55.40% Fe)电化学-絮凝处理铅锌冶炼制酸废水,研究了pH和时间、海绵铁用量和粒径等反应条件对废水中铅和锌离子的去除效果及影响.结果表明:在废水初始pH=3.0,海绵铁用量为30 g/L和粒径<0.301 mm,反应时间为40 min的条件下,废水中的铅锌离子去除效果最佳,电化学处理去除率分别为98.87%和77.89%,废水中的铜、总镉和总砷等离子去除率分别为93.50%、91.50%和47.26%;采用电化学-絮凝耦合处理,在最佳条件下,铅锌的去除率分别达到99.90%和99.67%,同时总砷、总镉和铜离子等得到进一步去除,去除率分别为97.77%、99.56%和97.77%,废水可达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)中一级标准要求.     

基于视觉目标跟踪的侦察机器人导航方法

针对未知环境下侦察机器人的自主导航问题,提出了一种基于视觉目标跟踪的侦察机器人导航方法.首先利用二进制鲁棒独立元素特征(BRIEF)提取方法来检测和描述待跟踪视觉目标的局部不变特征点,在快速的特征匹配计算基础上提出由粗到精的目标定位两步法实现机器人导航过程中视觉目标的实时准确跟踪.其次对基于视觉目标跟踪的自主导航任务进行行为分解和实现,在行为中集成视觉目标跟踪算法.最后利用基于宏行为的机器人事务执行机制实现移向视觉目标的自主导航控制.实验结果表明,提出的方法能够使侦察机器人实时准确地跟踪视觉引导目标,在复杂障碍物环境下可靠地完成移向目标的自主导航任务.     

面向钢铁制造流程的合同计划组合优化

从钢厂整体流程的层次上研究了合同计划优化问题.首先在分析某钢厂生产流程特点的基础上讨论了铁钢界面、精炼设备和铸轧界面的生产组织,研究了铁水供求节奏的协调.提出了表征铁钢界面铁水供求节奏协调程度的δ因子,并讨论了δ不同取值范围与铁水包备包和等待数目的关系.之后,建立了面向钢铁制造流程的合同计划优化数学模型,并采用禁忌搜索算法对模型进行求解.最后,从钢厂中随机选取3组不同规模的实际生产合同,并对其进行合同计划优化仿真实验.实验结果表明,所建立的合同计划优化模型和求解算法能够较好地解决面向钢铁制造流程的合同计划优化问题.