Simulation of dynamic recrystallization for an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy using cellular automaton

A cellular automata (CA) model has been developed to predict and control the microstructure evolution during hot deformation on 7085 aluminum alloy. The initial microstructure and thermal-mechanical parameters were used as the input data of the CA model. To link microstructure evolution with macroscopic flow stress, dislocation density was set as an important internal state variable. The hot deformation behavior of 7085 aluminum alloy was studied by isothermal compression tests under a deformation temperature range of 623–723 K and a strain rate range of 0.001-1s^?1 up to true strains of 0.53–1.20. Electron backscattered diffraction technique and the CA model were utilized to systematically investigate the effects of strain, strain rate and deformation temperature on the microstructure evolution, and further to predict the average grain diameter and the recrystallization fraction after deformation. The simulated results were validated by the experimental data to demonstrate the feasibility and predictability of the CA model.     

打叶复烤不同工艺路径对烟叶基部处理的影响研究

研究不同工艺路径对烟叶基部处理的影响,为打叶复烤烟叶基部处理提供一条切实可行的路径.以安徽皖南烟叶为实验载体,开展了烟叶基部正常打叶和烟叶基部把头线打叶回掺两种不同工艺路径对感官质量、常规化学成分、均匀性指标、杂物指标以及经济指标的影响实验.结果表明:正常打叶路径下感官质量较好,尤其是口感特性提升明显;正常打叶对杂物的控制较好;正常打叶出梗率和成品得率较高.把头线回掺路径下均匀性指标较好;出片率相对较高.两种不同路径对常规化学成分的影响基本一致.工业企业应根据叶基部分重量占比情况和对相关指标的关注情况灵活运用不同的工艺路径处理.     

Coupling effect of the conductivities of Li ions and electrons by introducing LLTO@C fibers in the LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode

To probe the coupling effect of the electron and Li ion conductivities in Ni-rich layered materials(LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2,NCA),lithium lanthanum titanate(LLTO)nanofiber and carbon-coated LLTO fiber(LLTO@C)materials were introduced to polyvinylidene difluoride in a cathode.The enhancement of the conductivity was indicated by the suppressed impedance and polarization.At 1 and 5 C,the cathodes with coupling conductive paths had a more stable cycling performance.The coupling mechanism was analyzed based on the chemical state and structure evolution of NCA after cycling for 200 cycles at 5 C.In the pristine cathode,the propagation of lattice damaged regions,which consist of high-density edge-dislocation walls,destroyed the bulk integrity of NCA.In addition,the formation of a rock-salt phase on the surface of NCA caused a capacity loss.In contrast,in the LLTO@C modified cathode,although the formation of dislocation-driven atomic lattice broken regions and cation mixing occurred,they were limited to a scale of several atoms,which retarded the generation of the rock-salt phase and resulted in a pre-eminent capacity retention.Only NiO phase“pitting”occurred.A mechanism based on the synergistic transport of Li ions and electrons was proposed.     

高低刃脚异形钢围堰水力作用数值研究

建造桥梁深水桥墩多采用围堰施工,作用于围堰的水荷载是控制围堰结构设计及其下沉施工安全性和稳定性的关键因素,当前设计规范对围堰水力作用的考虑十分粗略。为探明某桥墩高低刃脚异形钢围堰施工过程中的水荷载特征,采用计算流体动力学方法分析围堰绕流流场,基于河道横断面地形资料足尺构建三维流体域,运用重叠网格技术高效建模模拟钢围堰下沉过程。研究结果表明,围堰两侧存在局部流动加速且呈不对称分布,围堰深水侧水流速度相对更大,围堰下方下游侧流速随河流深度增加呈降低趋势;围堰外表面压强除迎流侧为正压外,其余大部分均为负压,各区域负压随着下沉深度增加而逐步增大;下沉初期绕流场受围堰及护筒双重影响,随着围堰逐渐下沉至河床底,护筒影响逐步消失;流场各区域湍流强度随着下沉深度的增加整体呈现出先增大后减小的变化规律,最终最大湍流强度区域稳定于堰尾。围堰阻力系数及侧向力系数几乎不受来流流速影响,进一步验证了其无量纲性;阻力及侧向力随来流流速增大而增大;阻力随入水深度增大而增大,侧向力也整体表现出类似规律,但在入水深度8 m处受围堰异形区段三维流动效应影响,出现侧向力局部极小值的反常现象。     

基于小波包散布熵与Meanshift概率 密度估计的轴承故障识别方法研究

为提升轴承故障特征提取精度和运行状态评估准确性,提出一种基于小波包散布熵与Meanshift概率密度估计的诊断方法.首先,采用小波包变换对轴承振动信号数据进行升维,通过计算每个子带的散布熵构建特征矩阵;然后,利用PCA对多维矩阵进行可视化降维,采用Meanshift无参估计得到训练样本的概率密度最大位置作为聚类中心;最后,通过计算测试样本散布熵坐标与各聚类中心的欧式距离判定测试样本类别归属.采用CWRU和QPZZ-II轴承实验台不同故障类型和故障程度样本数据对所提方法进行验证,结果表明,得益于小波包完备的理论模型和信号频带分解稀疏性,结合散布熵指标对数据样本良好的鲁棒性,所构造的特征矩阵具有较好的类内聚集性和较大的类间距离,同时,Meanshift以概率密度最大化为目标自适应迭代聚类中心和隶属度,可以有效实现对不同数据样本的分类识别.     

Anion-immobilized solid composite electrolytes based on metal-organic frameworks and superacid ZrO2 fillers for high-performance all solid-state lithium metal batteries

Anion-immobilized solid composite electrolytes (SCEs) are important to restrain the propagation of lithium dendrites for all solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). Herein, a novel SCEs based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs, UiO-66-NH2) and superacid ZrO2 (S-ZrO2) fillers are proposed, and the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and some other electrochemical measurements. The –NH2 groups of UiO-66-NH2 combines with F atoms of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) chains by hydrogen bonds, leading to a high electrochemical stability window of 5 V. Owing to the incorporation of UiO-66-NH2 and S-ZrO2 in PVDF-HFP polymer, the open met-al sites of MOFs and acid surfaces of S-ZrO2 can immobilize anions by strong Lewis acid-base interaction, which enhances the effect of im-mobilization anions, achieving a high Li-ion transference number (t+) of 0.72, and acquiring a high ionic conductivity of 1.05×10–4 S·cm–1 at 60°C. The symmetrical Li/Li cells with the anion-immobilized SCEs may steadily operate for over 600 h at 0.05 mA·cm–2 without the short-circuit occurring. Besides, the solid composite Li/LiFePO4 (LFP) cell with the anion-immobilized SCEs shows a superior discharge specific ca-pacity of 158 mAh·g–1 at 0.2 C. The results illustrate that the anion-immobilized SCEs are one of the most promising choices to optimize the performances of ASSLMBs.     

Discharge properties of Mg–Sn–Y alloys as anodes for Mg-air batteries

Mg–Sn–Y alloys with different Sn contents (wt%) were assessed as anode candidates for Mg-air batteries. The relationship between microstructure (including the second phase, grain size, and texture) and discharge properties of the Mg–Sn–Y alloys was examined using mi-crostructure observation, electrochemical measurements, and galvanostatic discharge tests. The Mg–0.7Sn–1.4Y alloy had a high steady dis-charge voltage of 1.5225 V and a high anodic efficiency of 46.6% at 2.5 mA·cm?2. These good properties were related to its microstructure:small grain size of 3.8 μm, uniform distribution of small second phase particles of 0.6 μm, and a high content (vol%) of (11(2)0)/(10(1)0) orient-ated grains. The scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) indicated that the Sn3Y5 and MgSnY phases were effective cathodes caus-ing micro-galvanic corrosion which promoted the dissolution of Mg matrix during the discharge process.     

基于深度学习图像描述子的三维彩色点云配准

不断发展的激光扫描技术使得获取三维空间中的彩色点云信息更加方便.但是,如何将多个采集点生成的彩色点云数据统一在同一个坐标系下,构建一个完整的数据模型仍是一个挑战.因此,提出了一种基于深度学习的图像描述子,将其应用于三维彩色点云配准中,能够以较高精度获取点云配准的初始位姿.首先,根据点云和图像之间的一一对应关系,将三维彩色点云投影为图像;其次,使用卷积神经网络提取关键点邻域的局部特征,结合方向梯度直方图,形成组合描述子;再次,根据计算出的组合描述子计算点云的匹配点对,得出点云间的转换关系,实现点云粗配准.以实际的三维彩色点云数据与多种配准算法进行对比,验证了所提方法的有效性.     

基于响应面法的桥梁抗洪裕度计算理论与应用

为评估既有桥梁水毁风险,以可靠性指标定量衡量桥梁抗洪裕度,建立一种基于响应面法与耦合数值模型的桥梁抗洪裕度计算方法.首先从水文要素源头出发,考虑洪水水流冲击和局部冲刷,提出建立桥梁结构-水流-河床泥沙耦合数值模型的实用算法获取结构响应.然后结合梁桥和拱桥的水毁模式分析,得出以具体结构响应为指标的洪水效应下桥梁极限状态功能函数表达式,并采用响应面法建立桥梁抗洪可靠性指标的计算流程.最后,以2019-06-14发生水毁的河源东江大桥为例,验证了所提出抗洪裕度评估方法的合理性与可行性.结果 表明,该方法可实现桥梁抗洪可靠性指标的定量计算,不仅可用于既有桥梁抗水评估,更为未来桥梁规范中洪水效应分项系数的更新修订提供了理论基础与技术支撑.     

次毫米发光二极管显示技术产业及专利分析

本文从专利角度对国内外次毫米发光二极管产业发展情况、重点公司专利及总体专利情况进行了研究探讨,如申请趋势、技术构成、法律事件等,绘制了产业链图、专利技术路线图及技术功效矩阵等。研究发现中国相关专利虽然在申请数量上领先,覆盖主题全面,但核心专利比例较低,海外布局少。最后本文建议国内相关企业及机构在产业布局方面注重中端市场,在专利发展方面加强海外布局,增加核心专利比例,增强法律保护意识。