“活得最好”与“活得最多”——加缪荒诞戏剧思想的深层论析

加缪之所以饮誉于世界文坛,是与其以独特感受世界的方式描摹并刻画着"疏离"、"荒诞"、"反抗"、"自杀"、"自由"与"正义"等重大主题的戏剧作品有着密不可分的关联。更需引起关注的是,他以高瞻远瞩的视域警醒地审视着当下人类现实的处境,强有力地明示了己身存在意义所隐含的生命意识——"活得最好"与"活得最多",隐然导出了荒诞意识背后隐潜、凝现着的种种生命精神与真实存在,势必给人们以可贵的思想启示。     

口服胰岛素载体的研究进展

对于糖尿病病人而言,胰岛素给药的传统途径是通过皮下注射给药.多次反复的注射会给糖尿病病人带来巨大的痛苦.而胰岛素的口服给药具有巨大的优越性,可以极大的降低患者的注射痛苦.胰岛素作为蛋白质的一种,若口服给药将被人体蛋白酶分解.因此,选择装载胰岛素的载体的材料将非常重要.本文将从多聚糖,高分子纳米材料,脂质体和囊泡,凝胶等四种载体简单概述当前胰岛素药物载体的研究现状.     

低pH值下DACMC的制备、结构及热性能

在低pH值条件下采用NaIO4氧化羧甲基纤维素(CMC),制备了二醛羧甲基纤维素(DACMC),通过FT-IR、13C NMR、XRD和AFM等研究了pH值对NaIO4氧化CMC程度的影响,以及pH值对DACMC结晶结构、形貌结构、热稳定性的影响.结果表明:pH值对NaIO4氧化CMC的程度有显著的影响,但缺乏规律性,当pH值为1.5时其氧化程度最高(醛基含量最大为54.35%);FT-IR和13C NMR结果证实了在CMC分子链上有羰基产生;DACMC的结晶度均大于CMC,且随反应体系pH值的增加而增大;由于失水葡萄糖环的断裂,DACMC的分子链更加柔软,相互缠结得更加紧凑、规整,表面Z向尺寸随着醛基含量的增大而降低;DACMC的热稳定性差于CMC,pH=1.5的条件下制备的DACMC的热稳定性最差.     

节妇在家庭中的经济角色研究——以清代武昌府为例

清代武昌府的节妇在丈夫去世后独自担当整个家庭生存下去的责任,她们用自己的辛勘劳动,通过不同的方式获取了家庭经济收入,不仅使自己和家人存活下去,也把不多的经济收入用于支持亲友以及参与地方事务等.清代武昌府的节妇用自身的行动,提高了她们在家庭、宗族和社会中的地位,以此为基点,使我们对清代"男主外女主内"的封建伦理观念和当时妇女从事的经济活动均产生了一点新的认识.     

选择性保护的萘烷酮的合成

报道了从1,3环己二酮出发,通过硅胶辅助与丁烯酮进行Michael共轭加成生成2(3氧)丁基1,3环己二酮,该化合物在苯中于回流温度下与苄胺缩合并环化生成了6苄氨基3,4,7,8六氢萘1(2H)酮,再用5%的盐酸水溶液于室温下水解,水解产物与乙二醇在对甲苯磺酸催化下反应得到萜类化合物合成的中间体选择性保护的萘烷酮,总收率约18%.     

Constrained oscillation of a bubble subjected to shock wave in microvessel

A three-phase coupled model of the gas–liquid–solid oscillation system is established to analyze the oscillation characteristics of a bubble inside a micro blood vessel with various radii and its shape changes with different interface boundaries. The results show that unlike the spherical symmetric oscillation in an unbounded fluid, the oscillating bubble has significant asymmetric characteristics under the constraint of a flexible microvessel, especially while its radius reduces to the same order of magnitude as that of the bubble. Moreover, the variation of microbubble motion, whether the geometric shape or oscillation feature, exhibits obvious differences in the micro blood vessel compared with the rigid wall. The reasons behind these phenomena are analyzed in this paper. The conclusions have significant importance in the understanding of the mechanism of microvessel injury in ultrasound therapy.     

深冷处理对高速钢高低温力学性能的影响研究

研究了深冷处理和未深冷处理的试样在室温及高温下的力学性能 .结果表明 ,深冷处理试样的力学性能明显提高 ;深冷处理和未深冷处理试样的磨损表面形貌和垂直截面形貌有显著差异 ,说明它们有不同的磨损规律 ;通过X 射线衍射还发现 ,深冷处理可使马氏体轴比和碳含量下降 ,促使新相碳化物MC析出 .     

Effects of Electrochemical Treatment on the Superficial Properties of Rayon-based Carbon Fibers

The development of surface acidity on rayon-based carbon fibers during mild electrochemical treatment was investigated. Conductimetric titration was the primary method used to investigate the functionalities on the carbon fiber surface. The acidity on the surface of the untreated carbon fiber was very low, while for the treated fibers, the acidity increased significantly. Moreover, with the treatment extent proceeded, the acidity on the fiber surface also increased. SEM analysis shows electrochemical treatment under intense treatment degree caused considerable etch on the fiber surface. Cavities and grooves can be observed on the surface via the SEM microphotograph. While in a more mild treatment, electrochemical treatment didn't cause great etch on the surface of the fiber.     

Thymidine kinase gene mutation leads to reduced virulence of pseudorabies virus

To explore correlation between the tk gene structure of pseudorabies virus (PRV) and its virulence, to study the effect of the gene mutation on PRV biological properties, and to investigate mechinism of reduced virulence, thymidine kinase (TK)-deficient mutant of pseudorabies virus strain Hubei (PRV HB) was isolated by selection for resistance to 5-bromodeoxyuridine. The tk genes of PRV HB and its TK^― mutant were cloned and sequenced. 1587 base pairs of the tk gene and flanking regions of wild-type (wt) virus were sequenced, which included an open reading frame (ORF) of 1098 bp encoding a protein of 366 amino acids. The ORF contained two 137-bp repeated sequences, which were connected by an adenosine. 1458 bp of the tk and flanking regions of TK^― mutant were sequenced. Analysis of the tk gene sequence of TK^― mutant indicated that one of 137 bp repeated sequence and the connecting adenosine in the tk gene of the wt virus was deleted and a repeated sequence of 8 nucleotides (GCGCGCC) was inserted. All other nucleotides of TK^―mutant were identical to that of wt virus. Deletion and insertion of the nucleotide sequence resulted in a frameshift and a premature chain termination, and the resultant TK protein was not active. Analysis of the amino acid sequence revealed that TK protein of PRV HB contained the conserved consensus sequence of herpesviral TKs and an additional conserved-DHR-motif. The results of this work also indicated that TK^― mutant was genetically stable. Compared to PRV HB, virulence of TK^― mutant was greatly decreased. Mice vaccinated with TK^― mutant were completely protected against a lethal challenge with virulent PRV (HB).     

青海野生大黄茶营养的成分分析

对青海野生大黄茶营养成分进行了分析，结果表明：野生大黄茶中含有蛋白质、脂肪、维生素C、胡萝卜素等营养物质，其中维生素C和胡萝卜素含量丰富，分别达到47.97mg/100g和0.41mg/kg，且氨基酸种类较多。青海野生大黄茶保持了大黄的有效药用成份-大黄素，是一种饮用方便的新型保健品。