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791.
HongQiang Yan KeFu Yu Qi Shi YeHui Tan HuiLing Zhang MeiXia Zhao Shu Li TianRan Chen LingYing Huang PinXian Wang 《科学通报(英文版)》2011,56(7):676-684
Field measurements of air-sea CO2 exchange in three coral reef areas of the South China Sea (i.e. the Yongshu Reef atoll of the Nansha Islands, southern South China Sea (SCS); Yongxing Island of Xisha Islands, north-central SCS; and Luhuitou Fringing Reef in Sanya of Hainan Island, northern SCS) during the summers of 2008 and 2009 revealed that both air and surface seawater partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) showed regular diurnal cycles. Minimum values occurred in the evening and maximum values in the morning. Air pCO2 in each of the three study areas showed small diurnal variations, while large diurnal variations were ob-served in seawater pCO2. The diurnal variation amplitude of seawater pCO2 was ~70 μmol mol–1 at the Yongshu Reef lagoon, 420–619 μmol mol–1 on the Yongxing Island reef flat, and 264–579 μmol mol–1 on the reef flat of the Luhuitou Fringing Reef, and 324–492 μmol mol–1 in an adjacent area just outside of this fringing reef. With respect to spatial relations, there were large differences in air-sea CO2 flux across the South China Sea (e.g. ~0.4 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongshu Reef, ~4.7 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongxing Island, and ~9.8 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Luhuitou Fringing Reef). However, these positive values suggest that coral reef ecosystems of the SCS may be a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere. Additional analyses indicated that diurnal variations of surface seawater pCO2 in the shallow water reef flat are controlled mainly by biological metabolic processes, while those of deeper water lagoons and outer reef areas are regulated by both biological metabolism and hydrodynamic factors. Unlike the open ocean, inorganic metabolism plays a significant role in influencing seawater pCO2 variations in coral reef ecosystems. 相似文献
792.
Little is known about the range or controls on the molybdenum isotopic composition of low-medium temperature hydrothermal
ore-forming systems. We present molybdenum isotope data from 12 hydrothermal syndepositional silicalite and carbonaceous slate
samples from the Dajiangping pyrite deposit in western Guangdong Province, South China. The δ
97/95 Mo values from Orebody III range from −0.02‰ to 0.29‰, with an average of 0.18‰. In contrast, the composition values from
Orebody IV display a larger variation from −0.70‰ to 0.62‰. However, the five samples from the main ore bed all show strong
negative values. This indicates that the significant variation in molybdenum isotopic composition supports different hydrothermal
ore-forming metallogenesis and a metallogenic environment between the two orebodies. Orebody III is likely to have been deposited
from submarine exhalative hydrothermal fluids under a relatively strong reducing environment and Orebody IV may have also
been influenced by hydrothermal superimposition in a more oxidized disequilibrium condition. In addition, the δ
97/95 Mo values of Orebody IV are clearly negative, together with the values increasing stratigraphically upward in the ore beds,
suggesting that the metallogenic environment of Orebody IV is different from the open oceanic systems. There might be dynamic
fractionation in this restricted environment. Therefore, the molybdenum isotope can be used as an effective tracer for the
ore-forming fluid and metallogenic environment. 相似文献
793.
The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen. 相似文献
794.
XinMiao Lü LiPing Zhu Mitsugu Nishimura Yoshimune Morita Takahiro Watanabe Toshio Nakamura Yong Wang 《科学通报(英文版)》2011,56(27):2931-2940
A 380-cm-long sediment core was acquired from the deep water area of Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet. Twenty-five plant residue
samples were selected, and organic carbon stable isotopes were obtained using the AMS 14C chronological method. The 14C age and carbon reservoir effect were calibrated with surface sedimentation rate measurements using 210Pb dating. Results showed that the core sediment deposited over 19 cal ka BP. Based on a multi-proxy analysis of TOC and IC
contents, grain size and pollen assemblage data, the palaeoclimatic evolution of Pumoyum Co was reconstructed since the last
glacial. Pumoyum Co was a shallow lake prior to 16.2 cal ka BP; although the glacier around the lake began to melt due to
increasing temperatures, climate was still cold and dry. In the interval of 16.2–11.8 cal ka BP, the sedimentary environment
fluctuated drastically and frequently. Two cold-events occurred at 14.2 and 11.8 cal ka BP, and these may correspond to the
Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas events, respectively. After 11.8 cal ka BP, Pumoyun Co developed into the deep lake as it
is now. The lake water temperature was relatively lower at that time because of influx of cold water from glacial meltwater
entering the lake. As a result, the multi-proxy indicators showed no sign of warm conditions. Comparisons between the sedimentary
record of Pumoyum Co with that of other lakes of the same age in southern Tibet indicate a warmer climate following the last
deglaciation influenced the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. These results imply that the southwest Asian monsoon gradually became
stronger since the deglaciation during its expansion to the inner plateau. The glacial-supplied water of the lake responded
sensitively to cold-events. The entire southern Tibet region was dominantly influenced climatically by the southwest Asian
monsoon during the Holocene. 相似文献
795.
Yang Sun 《科学通报(英文版)》2011,56(16):1637-1638
In a recent paper [1] published in Physical Review Letters, scientists at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have reported their first results from the Cooler Storage Ring at the Heavy Ion Research Facility, a newly-constructed major scientific facility in Lanzhou, China. As a part of an international collaboration including colleagues from Europe, USA and Japan, they were able to identify in experiments the very 相似文献
796.
The PHC criterion and the realignment criterion for pure states in infinite-dimensional bipartite quantum systems are given. Furthermore, several equivalent conditions for pure states to be separable are generalized to infinite-dimensional systems. 相似文献
797.
Based on the fact that the transfer function vector between a source receiver array and the dominant scatterer of boundary reverberation at a range can be obtained from the corresponding reverberations scattered from this range cell, a reverberation nulling concept using time reversal processing has been proposed. However, current reverberation nulling methods have certain limitations when applied into practice, which would null boundary reverberation and target echo simultaneously. As a solution, a passive reverberation nulling and echo enhancement method at low frequency using waveguide invariance is proposed in this paper. In this method, the reverberation subspace for the target range cell is not obtained directly from the return signals scattered by the target range cell but from the return signals scattered by a range cell located before the target using waveguide invariance, so as to suppress the reverberation embodied in the target echo by passive reverberation nulling. Besides, a range-dependent optimal weighting vector rather than conventional projector matrix is deduced to null the reverberation component meanwhile maximizing the target echo, thereby enhancing the echo-to-reverberation ratio furthest. Numerical simulations in typical range-independent shallow water environment demonstrate the efficacy and the improved performance of the proposed method for echo-to-reverberation enhancement. 相似文献
798.
PMSM矢量控制下逆变器母线电流频谱分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
逆变器直流母线电流频谱的准确解析是对电磁干扰进行分析及母线电容选取的重要理论基础。针对永磁同步(PMSM)作为负载时逆变器直流母线电流频谱的数学表达和理论求解方法分析了相电压基波和高次谐波对应的等效阻抗。分析得出:非凸极PMSM各次谐波对应的视在电感相等并且恒定;凸极式PMSM的基波电流可以在直轴和交轴上进行相量分解,其对应电感为直轴和交轴电感,高次谐波对应的电感随着转子的位置变化。理论计算时可以通过忽略高次谐波或取平均电感的方法来进行近似。给出了母线电流频谱计算的方法与过程。仿真和实验都证明了本文给出的计算方法及公式的正确性和有效性。 相似文献
799.
文章对如何加快建筑设计业的改革创新,如何提高竞争能力进行了研究分析,并提出了自己的观点.对经济性问题的认识、研究水平是保障建筑发展转入高效、集约化轨道的重要环节. 相似文献
800.
强化管理,提高效益是现代企业管理的根本任务.绩效管理是管理者为确保员工的工作活动能够与组织的目标保持一致的过程,它是为了提高员工的绩效从而提高企业的整体绩效.文章阐述了绩效考核在人力资源管理中的地位和作用,指出了煤炭企业员工绩效考评的现状与问题,分析了改进企业员工绩效考评体系的途径与方法. 相似文献