Testing and Evaluation for Web Usability Based on Extended Markov Chain Model

As the increasing popularity and complexity of Web applications and the emergence of their new characteristics. the testing and maintenance of large, complex Web applications are becoming more complex and difficult. Web applications generally contain lots of pages and are used by enormous users. Statistical testing is an effective way of ensuring their quality. Web usage can be accurately described by Markov chain which has been proved to be an ideal model for software statistical testing. The results of unit testing can b eutilized in the latter stages, wbich is an important strategy for bottom-to-top integration testing, and the other improvement of extended Markov chain model (FMM) is to present the error type vector which is treated as a part of page node. This paper also proposes the algorithm for generating test cases of usage paths. Finally, optional usage reliability evaluation methods and an incremental usability regression testing model for testing and evaluation are presented.     

基于扫描线种子填充的二值图像聚类算法

提出了一种基于扫描线种子填充的二值图像快速聚类算法 .该算法步骤为 :对二值图像进行扫描 ,如果检测到了目标点 ,则将该点作为新的聚类的种子 ,将该种子扩展到整个目标区域 ,形成一个包含目标区域的聚类 .该算法的特点为 :只需一次扫描即可动态生成所有聚类 ,聚类总数动态生成 ,每一时刻只有一个聚类被处理 ,可提前进行一些后续处理 ,算法描述简单 ,易于编程实现 .     

低成本教育型机器人控制器的设计与实现

论述了一种低成本机器人控制器的设计与实现 .采用AT89C2 0 5 1作为主芯片 ,提供两路独立的电机驱动和最多 7个外围扩展口 .软件采用汇编语言编写 ,能下载并运行上位机程序 ,配合外围红外传感器 ,实现了追踪和安全漫游 .     

基于抽象语法树的C克隆代码重构应用与研究

为了缩短软件工程生命周期,引入组件、复制的概念,利用抽象语法树(AST)将相同功能的代码设计为一个函数,保留充足的接口参数,利用过程调用开发软件程序,可以提高软件开发效率.     

基于超声多普勒效应的浴室跌倒检测

提出了一种使用20 k Hz超声波检测浴室跌倒状况的方法,并进行了浴室环境中的测试.由于跌倒会造成失重,身体运动速度增大,导致产生多普勒效应,造成反射的超声频率的偏移.根据这一频移判断人是否跌倒,并采取相关措施,可以在保护隐私的前提下结合浴室的特点保护人们的健康和安全,为智能医疗的发展打下良好的基础.     

Systems Thinking and Scenario Planning: Application in the Clothing Sector

Industrial sectors that operate in uncertain environments - with demand variability, product seasonality and different industrialisation structures - need studies that enable identification and forecast trends. Therefore, the development of competitiveness extends beyond a company’s individual performance. Collective action, whether toward consumer markets, supplier markets, competitors and substitutes, can reinforce or help reformulate the current practices of an organisation, besides providing better results in the development of strategies and competitive positioning. Thus, clothing, the sector addressed in this work, is characterised by a long, fragmented, heterogeneous production chain, the competitiveness of which is linked to product differentiation. Therefore, the use of systemic approaches to study this sector is effective. In this sense, this research aims at adapting Systems Thinking and Scenario Planning (STSP) so that it supports the development and planning process in a given sector. Thus, this research applies STSP adapted to an analysis of the clothing sector in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. As a result, in academic terms, this research proposed and validated a method for analysing industrial sectors of the clothing industry. In the sectoral context, this research identified elements that leverage the sector’s competitiveness, besides generating knowledge and learning aimed at strengthening the sectoral structure identified, and fostering the formation of a new clothing cluster.     

Systemic Indicators for Rural Communities in Developing Economies: Bringing the Shared Vision into Being

Community indicators have been a frequent focus of the scholarly literature. There has been little exploration, however, in relation to rural communities, especially in developing countries. This reflects the special challenges associated with the complexity of rural systems, and the difficulties involved in developing appropriate and systemic indicators for rural communities. Identifying indicators that help the community to monitor progress towards sustainable outcomes requires a framework that is both practical and holistic. This paper introduces a participatory systemic framework for identifying community indicators, which respects the principles of complexity and honours the sense of ownership present in the communities. This framework is an iterative, sharing, co-learning engagement process that extends from creating a shared vision and extracting its core messages, to identifying indicators of progress and determining what actions to try. Importantly, this framework enables us to rank the indicators identified by communities with reference to ‘leverage points’, the best places to intervene in the social-environmental system for transformational change. This framework provides a potential pathway for sustainable rural development and perhaps also for organisations and urban communities.     

Adaptive Event-Based Consensus of Multi-Agent Systems with General Linear Dynamics

In this paper, adaptive event-based consensus of multi-agent systems with general linear dynamics is considered. A novel adaptive event-based controller and a state-dependent triggering function are proposed for each agent. The consensus can be achieved without the assumption that (A,B) is stabilizable. Furthermore, the Zeno-behavior of the concerned closed-loop system is also excluded under certain conditions. Finally, a numerical simulation example is presented to show the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

An M/M/1 Queueing-Inventory System with Geometric Batch Demands and Lost Sales

This paper studies an M/M/1 queueing-inventory system with batch demands. Customers arrive in the system according to a compound Poisson process, where the size of the batch demands for each arrival is a random variable that follows a geometric distribution. The inventory is replenished according to the standard (s,S) policy. The replenishment time follows an exponential distribution. Two models are considered. In the first model, if the on-hand inventory is less than the size of the batch demands of an arrived customer, the customer takes away all the items in the inventory, and a part of the customer’s batch demands is lost. In the second model, if the on-hand inventory is less than the size of the batch demands of an arrived customer, the customer leaves without taking any item from the inventory, and all of the customer’s batch demands are lost. For these two models, the authors derive the stationary conditions of the system. Then, the authors derive the stationary distributions of the product-form of the joint queue length and the on-hand inventory process. Besides this, the authors obtain some important performance measures and the average cost functions by using these stationary distributions. The results are illustrated by numerical examples.