Mineral-phase evolution and sintering behavior of MO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3 (M=Ca,Ba) glass-ceramics by low-temperature liquid-phase sintering

In this work, network former SiO₂ and network intermediate Al₂O₃ were introduced into typical low-melting binary compositions CaO·B₂O₃, CaO·2B₂O₃, and BaO·B₂O₃ via an aqueous solid-state suspension milling route. Accordingly, multiple-phase aluminosilicate glass-ceramics were directly obtained via liquid-phase sintering at temperatures below 950℃. On the basis of liquid-phase sintering theory, mineral-phase evolutions and glass-phase formations were systematically investigated in a wide MO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃ (M=Ca, Ba) composition range. The results indicate that major mineral phases of the aluminosilicate glass-ceramics are Al₂₀B₄O₃₆, CaAl₂Si₂O₈, and BaAl₂Si₂O₈ and that the glass-ceramic materials are characterized by dense microstructures and excellent dielectric properties.     

Novel multiferroicity in orthorhombic SmCrO3

This paper reports the ferroelectricity in antiferromagnetic SmCrO_3 with a reasonably large value of spontaneous electric polarization(70μC/cm~2mC cm~(-2)at 50 K)based on the measurement of pyroelectric current.The experimental results showed that the temperature of the onset of polar order was evidently higher(about220 K)than the Neel temperature(T_N=197 K)in the magnetodielectric studies.The calculated magnetodielectric effect(MDE)value was explicitly negative with maximum|MDE|values of about 3.6%around 230 K.The absence of a convincing signature in MDE at antiferromagnetic ordering temperature T_Nindicated the absence of magnetoelectric coupling around this temperature regime.The results further confirmed that the onset of polar order can be attributed to the structural distortion,rather than the canted noncollinear magnetic structure.     

Primary Sn-rich titianite in the Qitianling granite, Hunan Province, southern China: An important type of tin-bearing mineral and its implications for tin exploration

The Qitianling calc-alkaline granite in Hunan Province (South China) has attracted much attention since the discovery of the Furong super-large tin deposit. The present study provides new mineralogical data to address their implications for exploration of tin deposits. In the Taoxiwo granite in the southeastern part of the Qitianling granite body, Sn-rich titanite was identified as an important type of Sn-bearing mineral. The titanite commonly occurs with biotite as euhedral crystals, exhibiting typical envelope-like shape and sector-zoning texture. These indicate that the titanite most likely crystallized in the magmatic stage. Electron-microprobe analyses show that the titanite is enriched in tin up to 1.12 wt% SnO₂, with an average of 0.43 wt%. With the crystallization of the granite, primary minerals undertook hydrothermal alteration by magma-derived fluids. Subsequently, in the hydrothermal stage, the primary Sn-bearing titanite was altered (at least partially), but still preserved its typical envelope-shaped outline. Micro-scale cassiterite is a representative product of such alteration; other secondary minerals include fluorite, ilmenite, Sn-bearing rutile and quartz. Therefore, the titanite, commonly present in the calcalkaline granites, can be treated as an important Sn-carrying mineral in the Qitianling granite, reflecting the primary magmatic environment with tin enrichment. The hydrothermal alteration of the primary titanite and subsequent crystallization of cassiterite recorded a process of leaching and accumulation of tin in magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the Sn-bearing granite. Thus, this titanite has important implications for tin exploration. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40730423 and 40221301) and Project of China Geological Survey (Grant No. 1212010632100)     

基层对层间连续路面应力强度因子影响的研究

应用权函数理论,推导出了层间完全连续路面裂缝的权函数和应力强度因子计算方法,并通过所编制的程序分析了层间连续沥青路面应力强度因子与基层参数的关系,分析表明：增加基层模量可以降低沥青层应力强度因子,但会增加基层应力强度因子;增加基层厚度可以降低沥青层和基层应力强度因子,但基层厚度大时对沥青层应力强度因子的影响较小,裂缝长度对应力强度因子影响较明显,增加胎压也会显著增加应力强度因子。     

离散化四足机器人自由步态控制方法

为了实现离散化四足机器人自由步态的控制,提出一种新的基于中枢神经模式发生器(CPG)的自由步态控制方法。介绍了离散化四足机器人模型,在已确定的地形中,设定四足机器人起始点与抵达点的状态。将连续步态按照离散化步态完成排序,形成排序集合。在此基础上,利用中枢神经模式发生器CPG,采用周期性振荡信号对离散化四足机器人腿部各关节进行控制,给出单独神经元模型。为了便于分析,使用互抑神经元构成的振荡器对神经元的输出信号进行改善,通过该振荡器产生规律的振荡信号,以控制离散化四足机器人完成自由步态移动。实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效控制离散化四足机器人实现自由步态移动。     

山东省相对资源承载力研究

采用相对资源承载力的研究思路和计算方法,并通过对原方法改进创新,计算分析了:①以全国为参照区,山东省1995～2004年的相对资源承载力及其演化过程;②以我国东部地区为参照区,山东省2004年的相对资源承载力;③以全省为参照区,山东省17市2004年的相对资源承载力及其区域间差异.结果表明:①与全国和我国东部地区相比,山东省的综合承载力均处于富余状态;②山东省经济资源对综合承载力的贡献率占较高比例,是人口的主要承载资源;③山东省17市相对资源承载力的地区差异十分显著.     

半刚性路面疲劳特性的环道试验研究

通过室内环道试验，对半刚性基层沥青路面基层、底基层材料的疲劳衰减规律进行了深入研究，研究表明底基层为半刚性路面的临界荷位与半刚性材料的应变疲劳规律取决于其应变状态，通过实测应变与理论应变的对比分析，认为各层应变值与用抗压回弹模量的计算应变值较吻合，建议在弯沉和弯拉应力（应变）验算时统一采用抗压回弹模量。     

Variable diffusion boundary layer and diffusion flux at sediment-water interface in response to dynamic forcing over an intertidal mudflat

The diffusion boundary layer (DBL) significantly limits the exchange between sediment and overlying water and therefore becomes a bottleneck of diffusive vertical flux at the sediment-water interface (SWI). Variable DBL thickness and diffusion flux in response to dynamic forcing may influence replenishment of nutrients and secondary pollution in coastal waters. In situ measurements of velocity in the bottom boundary layer (BBL) and oxygen concentration in the DBL were made over an intertidal mudflat, using an acoustic Doppler current and mini profiler. A linear distributed zone in the oxygen profile, the profile slope discontinuity and variance of concentration can be used to derive accurate DBL thickness. Diffusion fluxes calculated from the water column and sediment are identical, and their bias is less than 6%. A numerical model PROFILE is used to simulate the in situ dissolved oxygen profile, and layered dissolved oxygen consumption rates in the sediment are calculated. The DBL thickness (0.10-0.35 mm) and diffusion flux (15.4-53.6 mmol m 2 d 1) vary with a factor of 3.5 during a tidal period. Over an intertidal mudflat, DBL thickness is controlled by flow speed U in the BBL, according to δDBL=1686.1DU 1+0.1 (D is the molecular diffusion coefficient). That is, the DBL thickness δDBL increases with decreasing flow speed U. Changes of diffusion flux at the SWI are caused by variations in the water above the sediment and the turbulent mixing intensity. The diffusion flux is positively related to the turbulent dissipation rate, friction velocity and turbulent energy. Under the influence of dynamics in the BBL, DBL thickness and flux vary significantly.     

组合式多用途驱动型耕种农具系列产品的开发与研究

介绍了一种通过工作部件的替换和组合即能具有水、旱田旋耕碎土、稻麦旋播、盖籽、开沟和作畦等多种作业功能的新型组合农具，并对该机具进行了技术、经济分析及各项性能试验结果分析，在此基础上指出该机具是一种设计合理、节省材料和成本的节能型产品。     

Al-Cu-Fe-Zn系准晶的形成规律研究

本文通过快速冷凝方法制得了Al-Cu-Fe-Zn系合金粉末。这种快冷合金粉末在室温下为准晶相和晶态相共存结构,当把粉末加热到773K左右时,晶态相开始消失并且转变为准晶相,加热到1000K晶态相基本上完全转变为准晶相,继续升温准晶相又逐渐减少,晶态相重新产生和增加。本文对Al-Cu-Fe-Zn系快冷合金粉末的加热相变、准晶形成规律、准晶的成分范围进行了详细的研究。