专利风险评价指标体系构建及关键指标国际比较

 从经济安全的角度，基于专利价值链理论，构建了一套专利风险评估指标体系，用于衡量一个国家或地区在专利活动中遭遇风险的程度。利用专利基本活动中的4个关键指标，即专利质量水平、专利转化能力、专利纠纷风险程度和专利贸易国际地位，对美国、日本、韩国、德国和中国进行比较分析，得出2006-2015年，中国的专利发展“快而不高”“大而不强”，但与其他专利强国相比，在专利价值链关键环节的竞争中，中国不占优势，甚至存在较为严重的风险，尤其专利使用费逆差越来越大，对国家经济安全存在一定程度的威胁。     

Study on the Centralization Strategy of the Blood Allocation Among Different Departments within a Hospital

By far, the researches on how to distribute blood products among different departments in hospital have not been further studied, though the problem of blood shortage and wastage that caused by improper blood allocation is severe, which may endanger patient’s lives and impose considerable costs on hospitals. In order to solve this problem, this paper mainly studies on how to distribute the blood items among different departments within a hospital and investigates the allocation approach with the novel management method by centralizing the inventory of several different departments. By integrating the blood inventory requirements of some departments, the hospital could reduce the rate of blood shortage and wastage effectively, release the pressure of the occupancy of resources and reduce the bullwhip effect of blood products. This paper illustrates the centralization principle in hospital and formulates the mixed integer programming model to work out the optimal allocation network scheme and the optimal inventory setting for every department. And the results of the numerical example demonstrate that this centralization method could considerably reduce blood shortage and wastage in hospital by about 72% and 90% respectively. Furthermore, it could decrease the total cost by about 108,540 RMB a month on blood supply chain management in the hospital and improve the effect of some certain surgeries by transfusing the fresh blood to patients.     

磁流变液中磁性颗粒成链与团聚的临界特征分析

热运动对纳米级磁流变液系统的颗粒团聚行为和宏观流变特性扰动影响不可忽视.为研究施加外磁场后系统微结构与热运动间的关系，探讨在不同颗粒粒径情况下热运动能量在系统总能量中的占比.采用CCD设计方法，分析Monte Carlo仿真获取的颗粒位形信息，生成关于外磁场磁感应强度、颗粒粒径和体积分数的系统热耦合系数<λ>回归模型;成链团聚的临界颗粒粒径计算值比文献经验值高出约23%，证实在考虑系统内多因素的综合影响下，纳米级磁流变液具有更严格的流变现象临界发生条件.     

Effects of Strain Rate,Temperature and Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolutions of Polycrystalline Nickel Nanowires: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Through molecular dynamics(MD)simulation,the dependencies of temperature,grain size and strain rate on the mechanical properties were studied.The simulation results demonstrated that the strain rate from 0.05 to 2 ns~(–1 )affected the Young’s modulus of nickel nanowires slightly,whereas the yield stress increased.The Young’s modulus decreased approximately linearly;however,the yield stress firstly increased and subsequently dropped as the temperature increased.The Young’s modulus and yield stress increased as the mean grain size increased from 2.66 to6.72 nm.Moreover,certain efforts have been made in the microstructure evolution with mechanical properties association under uniaxial tension.Certain phenomena such as the formation of twin structures,which were found in nanowires with larger grain size at higher strain rate and lower temperature,as well as the movement of grain boundaries and dislocation,were detected and discussed in detail.The results demonstrated that the plastic deformation was mainly accommodated by the motion of grain boundaries for smaller grain size.However,for larger grain size,the formations of stacking faults and twins were the main mechanisms of plastic deformation in the polycrystalline nickel nanowire.     

Fuzzy Views on Black-Litterman Portfolio Selection Model

In this paper, views of investor are described in fuzzy sets, and two fuzzy Black-Litterman models are constructed with fuzzy views and fuzzy random views respectively. In the models, expected returns and uncertainty matrix of views are redefined and the views are formulated by fuzzy approaches suitably. Then the models are tested with data from Chinese financial markets. Empirical results show that the fuzzy random views model performs the best, and both the fuzzy models are better than the traditional ones, demonstrating that the fuzzy approaches can contain more information in the views and measure the uncertainty more correctly.     

低电压低功耗音频Σ-Δ ADC调制器设计

针对应用于音频设备中的∑-ΔADC,提出一款改进的∑-ΔADC调制器.该调制器结构改进传统调制器的结构并对调制器系数进行优化,克服传统∑-ΔADC调制器结构的缺点,同时对调制器中的两个关键电路即OTA放大器和比较器也进行优化,极大改善了OTA放大器和比较器性能.改进后的调制器具有低电压、低功耗、高精度和较好的鲁棒性的特点.该调制器采用1.2 V低电压供电,过采样比(OSR)为128,采样频率为6.144 MHz,信号带宽为20 kHz.基于SMIC0.11μm的工艺下,完成了∑-ΔADC调制器的版图设计,并最终流片成功.芯片流片后的成测结果表明,调制器的信噪比达到102.4 dB,有效位达到16.7 bit,调制器的整体功耗仅1.17 mW左右,整个调制器的版图的面积仅为0.122 mm2左右.调制器的成测性能指标表明,该调制器是音频芯片中∑-ΔADC电路的良好选择.     

高校图书馆文化活动中心建设构想

阐述了高校图书馆建设文化活动中心的意义和作用,分析了目前建设文化活动中心遇到的困境,并提出了解决困难的相应对策。     

基于计算实验的流感大流行预防策略

流感是人类健康的重大威胁之一.为探索预防新型流感大流行的有效策略,建立了北京市计算流行病模型,评估了边境口岸检疫,病例治疗,病例隔离,社会关系抗病毒预防以及免疫接种措施对四种新型流感大流行的预防效能.结果表明:边境口岸检疫对于预防新型流感大流行的作用非常有限;积极的病例治疗可预防传播能力类似于2009年A(H1N1)的新型流感大流行;高强度的病例治疗和病例隔离可预防传播能力类似于1957年A(H2N2)的新型流感大流行;对于传播能力类似于1918年A(H1N1)的新型流感,在高强度病例治疗和病例隔离的基础上须对病例的社会关系进行抗病毒预防才有可能预防大流行;而对于具有超级传播能力的新型流感(R_03.3),必须依靠有效的广谱疫苗才能预防大流行.研究结果对于进一步完善我国应对流感大流行的应急准备与处置计划具有参考价值.