An Empirical Study of Effects of Chinese Government＇s Tax Revenue and Expenditure on Its GDP＇s Growth

Public spending is a major policy tool for the government to adjust the macro economic progress. This paper characterizes the effects of shocks in government spending and taxes on Chinese economy growth since 1978. It does so by using a mixed structural VAR （SVAR） approach. Identification is achieved by using institutional information about the tax and spending to identify automatic and discretionary response, and by implication, to infer fiscal shocks. The results show positive government spending shocks as having a positive effect on output, and positive tax shocks as having a negative effects.     

舰船装备维修费单项预测集对分析与组合建模

根据集对分析的基本原理,结合基于误差大小的集对分析组合预测,给出了基于误差方向的集对分析组合预测和基于模型性能的集对分析组合预测;针对基于误差大小的集对分析组合预测建模过程中,从关联度的确定到组合权重的计算过程相对复杂、难以理解,推导简化了组合预测权重计算过程;针对集对分析中同一度为0时导致组合预测模型信息丢失的问题,提出了一种基于折扣的同一度、差异度、对立度转换处理方法。最后算例说明了该方法的有效性。     

Fairness of extra-gain guilty in performance of supply chain and contract design

Considering a one-supplier and two-retailer supply chain setting in which the supplier makes contacts with retailers in sequence based on FCFS(first–come–first-service) principle, the authors investigate the marginal effect of extra-gain guilty fairness concerns of supply chain members on the contract design, supply chain's profit and profit distribution. When the supplier considers distributional fairness of loss aversion and extra-gain guilty, extra-gain guilty concern reduces the optimal wholesale and retail price, and improves supply chain performance. When the first or the second retailer considers distributional fairness and peer-induced fairness, extra-gain guilty concerns decrease the optimal wholesale and retail price but increase the profit of all supply chain members only when the level of loss aversion is large enough and the level of extra-gain guilty is less than 1/2. However, when the level of loss aversion is small and the level of extra-gain guilty is less than 1/2, extra-gain guilty has no influence on supply chain performance. The analysis reveals that the supply chain performance can be further improved by considering fairness of extra-gain guilty.     

The generalized Serre problem over <Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis>-Hermite rings

This paper investigates the completion and the zero prime factorization for matrices over a K-Hermite ring. The authors have generalized Kaplansky’s related results, solved similar Lin-Bose problem and generalized Serre problem over a K-Hermite ring.     

Generating semi-algebraic invariants for non-autonomous polynomial hybrid systems

Hybrid systems are dynamical systems with interacting discrete computation and continuous physical processes, which have become more common, more indispensable, and more complicated in our modern life. Particularly, many of them are safety-critical, and therefore are required to meet a critical safety standard. Invariant generation plays a central role in the verification and synthesis of hybrid systems. In the previous work, the fourth author and his coauthors gave a necessary and sufficient condition for a semi-algebraic set being an invariant of a polynomial autonomous dynamical system, which gave a confirmative answer to the open problem. In addition, based on which a complete algorithm for generating all semi-algebraic invariants of a given polynomial autonomous hybrid system with the given shape was proposed. This paper considers how to extend their work to non-autonomous dynamical and hybrid systems. Non-autonomous dynamical and hybrid systems are with inputs, which are very common in practice; in contrast, autonomous ones are without inputs. Furthermore, the authors present a sound and complete algorithm to verify semi-algebraic invariants for non-autonomous polynomial hybrid systems. Based on which, the authors propose a sound and complete algorithm to generate all invariants with a pre-defined template.     

Supply chain performance for deteriorating items with cooperative advertising

To study the effect of cooperative advertising on the supply chain of deteriorating items, this paper establishes a Stackelberg game model for a two-echelon deteriorating items supply chain composed of one manufacturer and one retailer under a given support program with an exogenous participation rate. The manufacturer as the leader determines the wholesale price and production rate, and the retailer as the follower determines the retail price and advertising strategies. The strategies of the players under the decentralized scenario and the centralized scenario are respectively characterized. Numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis are conducted to gain some managerial insights. It is shown that the pricing, advertising and production strategies are negatively correlated to deteriorating coefficient, and both the profit and the channel efficiency decrease with deteriorating coefficient; The interaction between price, advertising investment and production rate results in a higher retail price of the centralized channel compared to that of the decentralized channel; Implementing the cooperative advertising program does improve the performance of the supply chain in some cases and the participation rate roughly at 0.5 is most preferable, but it is also possible to distort incentive and damage the channel performance when the participation rate reaches a relatively high level.     

Advance selling in the presence of product diffusion effect

Product diffusion refers to the phenomenon that the later demand is dependent on the early sales. To investigate how a firm’s advance selling strategy is affected by the effect of product diffusion, we consider a monopolist seller who sells a fashionable product in a market that comprises of myopic and strategic consumers over two periods (i.e., the advance selling season and the regular selling season). For a linear product diffusion effect we find that, when the effect of product diffusion is positive, the seller may set an extremely high advance selling price to induce the strategic consumers to purchase in the regular selling season, which is counter-intuitive. Moreover, the optimal procurement quantity for the seller may increase in the negative effect of product diffusion and decrease in the amount of strategic consumers. When we extend our model to consider a concave quadratic product diffusion effect, however, the optimal procurement quantity is concave in the amount of strategic consumers. Numerical studies are further presented to discuss the managerial insights.     

资源均衡问题的峰值最小化模型

将资源峰值作为资源均衡程度的一种度量,以资源峰值最小化为优化目标,分别建立了工序不可分拆、可分拆和有条件分拆的资源均衡问题的整数线性规划模型,通过算例和工程案例验证了模型的有效性,并给出了多种资源情形下资源均衡问题的序贯解法.所建模型不涉及关键路线的确定和非关键工序浮时的计算,且各种资源峰值表述相互独立,因而对部分资源用量受限和对工序开(完)工时间有特殊要求的广义资源均衡问题也有较好的适应性.     

A DEA-TOPSIS method for multiple criteria decision analysis in emergency management

A hybrid approach of DEA (data envelopment analysis) and TOPSIS (technique for order performance (preference) by similarity to ideal solution) is proposed for multiple criteria decision analysis in emergency management. Two DEA-based optimization models are constructed to facilitate identifying parameter information regarding criterion weights and quantifying qualitative criteria in TOPSIS. An emergency management case study utilizing data from the Emergency Management Australia (EMA) Disasters Database is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed analysis procedure.     

Performance and EXIT analysis of parallel concatenated space time trellis codes

Space time trellis coding (STTC) techniques have been proposed to achieve both diversity and coding gains in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) fading channels. But with more transmit antennas STTCs suffer from the design difficulty and complexity increasing. This paper proposes a scheme, named parallel concatenated space time trellis codes (PC-STTC), to achieve the tradeoff between the performances and complexity of STTCs for a large number of transmit antennas. Simulation results and complexity comparison are provided to demonstrate the performance and superiority of the proposed scheme over conventional schemes in fast fading channels in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions. And an EXIT (extrinsic information transform) chart is given to analyze the iterative convergence of the proposed scheme. It shows that PC-STTC has better iterative convergence in low SNR regions.