Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

相控阵多址系统中通道间群时延不一致性分析

首先从数学公式分析了多用户相控阵通信系统的通道时延将会引起调制数据过零点出现偏移;再针对多通道时延不一致的情况,通过理论和仿真分析发现,如果空分处理前不进行通道间时延均衡而直接进行数字波束形成处理,会使得输出信号失真,系统误码性能恶化.     

国内外物联网研究现状及展望

物联网以互联网为基础,通过多种信息传感装置实现物物互联,是信息科技领域发展的必然趋势.本文就物联网的基本概念、技术体系、关键技术等方面对物联网进行介绍,并根据一些事实对近年来国内外物联网的发展现状进行阐述,提出现阶段物联网发展存在的问题,最后对其未来发展进行了展望.     

移动传感网中基于定向角度路由的数据收集

在Sink和节点不断移动的多跳无线传感器网络中,节点和Sink的位置不断变化.如果节点采用传统的广播方式发送数据,节点发送的数据在到达移动Sink之前,很有可能被大量的节点不断转发.这样不仅容易导致数据冗余过大,而且容易造成节点的能量消耗过快从而缩短网络生命周期.为了最大化网络生命周期,提出一种节能的算法ROAR来解决这个问题.首先,节点执行类似于选取簇头的收集器选择算法,能量高的节点以高概率决定是否成为收集器.然后,节点将数据发送给有效区域内的邻居节点.所谓的有效区域是指过节点作连接节点和Sink的直线的垂线,以垂线为边界,与移动Sink同侧的区域.最后,收集器采用折半角度传输的方式将数据发送给移动Sink.仿真实验结果表明,与目前已有的算法相比,算法ROAR能够有效地缩短收集一轮数据所需的时间、减少能量开销、延长网络生命周期.     

探月工程三期月地高速再入返回飞行器防热系统设计与验证

本文针对月地高速再入返回的高焓、二次大气层再入、高热流密度峰值与长加热时间耦合的气动加热环境特点,提出了飞行器防热系统设计方案,研制了七种新型碳硅复合烧蚀防热材料,建立了防热系统分析模型,并完成了地面试验验证.经对飞行试验数据的详细分析,结果表明防热系统的实际性能与设计预期一致.     

Genome-wide association study of flowering time and grain yield traits in a worldwide collection of rice germplasm

A high-density haplotype map recently enabled a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a population of indica subspecies of Chinese rice landraces. Here we extend this methodology to a larger and more diverse sample of 950 worldwide rice varieties, including the Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica subspecies, to perform an additional GWAS. We identified a total of 32 new loci associated with flowering time and with ten grain-related traits, indicating that the larger sample increased the power to detect trait-associated variants using GWAS. To characterize various alleles and complex genetic variation, we developed an analytical framework for haplotype-based de novo assembly of the low-coverage sequencing data in rice. We identified candidate genes for 18 associated loci through detailed annotation. This study shows that the integrated approach of sequence-based GWAS and functional genome annotation has the potential to match complex traits to their causal polymorphisms in rice.     

A genome-wide association study in Han Chinese identifies new susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis

To identify susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study in Han Chinese. In the discovery stage, we analyzed 1,356,350 autosomal SNPs in 1,837 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis and 4,231 controls; in the validation stage, we analyzed 30 suggestive SNPs in an additional 2,100 affected individuals and 3,496 controls. We identified two new susceptibility loci between EDIL3 and HAPLN1 at 5q14.3 (rs4552569; P = 8.77 × 10(-10)) and within ANO6 at 12q12 (rs17095830; P = 1.63 × 10(-8)). We also confirmed previously reported associations in Europeans within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (top SNP, rs13202464; P < 5 × 10(-324)) and at 2p15 (rs10865331; P = 1.98 × 10(-8)). We show that rs13202464 within the MHC region mainly represents the risk effect of HLA-B*27 variants (including HLA-B*2704, HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2715) in Chinese. The two newly discovered loci implicate genes related to bone formation and cartilage development, suggesting their potential involvement in the etiology of ankylosing spondylitis.     

基于膜计算的蚁群算法在配电网WSNs中路由研究

针对智能配电网WSNs数据传输可靠差、节点能量消耗快、网络生存周期短和路由空洞等问题,研究一种膜计算-蚁群路由(Membrane Computing-Ant Colony Routing,MCACR)算法;通过在状态转移函数中引入动态补偿因子,避免了 MCACR算法因信息素过高出现过早停滞现象;利用膜计算膜内运算和膜间...     

充填体强度影响因素及组合预测模型

水灰比、堆积密实度和比表面积是充填体强度的重要影响因素,但有关各因素对强度影响显著性的研究较少,为此通过3因素5水平正交试验,分别对龄期为3 d,7 d和28 d的试块开展单轴抗压强度试验.对试验结果进行方差分析,获得不同龄期各因素F统计值比(水灰比:堆积密实度:比表面积):3d为698.404:26.148:0.91...     

双氧水还原浸出非洲氧化铜钴矿的试验研究

采用双氧水还原浸出非洲氧化铜钴矿,研究了还原剂用量、初始酸浓度、液固比、浸出温度和浸出时间等参数对浸出过程的影响。结果表明：使用双氧水与铜钴矿计量比为0.2 mL/g、浓硫酸与铜钴矿质量比为0.46、液固比为5：1（mL/g）,在温度75℃下浸出2 h,钴、铜的浸出率分别达到了99.50%,99.42%。