促进中小企业技术创新的税收政策研究

中小企业是国家技术创新体系的重要组成部分。政府应通过技术创新政策来引导、鼓励中小企业技术创新,其中税收优惠是世界各国广泛使用的一种技术创新政策工具。税收优惠政策能更好地发挥市场的力量,实现资源的有效配置。比较分析了国外发达国家促进企业创新活动的税收政策,指出了我国现行税收优惠政策的指向存在偏差、对象不尽合理、缺乏鼓励风险资本参与等3个方面的缺陷,在此基础上提出了完善促进中小企业技术创新的税收政策的建议。     

水生动物双RNA病毒的研究进展

水生动物双RNA病毒（ Aquabirnavirus,ABV）隶属双RNA病毒科Birnaviridae,是一类可引起水生动物爆发传染性病毒病的病原,在世界范围内给水产养殖业造成了巨大损失,其代表种为传染性胰脏坏死病毒（ Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus,IPNV）。ABV的基因组包括两段分节的RNA,以负链RNA为模板进行病毒基因组复制,编码5种成熟的蛋白;本文结合ABV的功能基因、致病机理、诊断检测及免疫防治等近年研究的热点做一综述,以期为研究者提供参考。     

压缩驱动单元中声波本征值问题的解析解

解析法求解了号筒扬声器压缩驱动单元中振膜和相位塞间空腔内声波的本征振动问题,该问题表现为既带有θ=0处的自然边界条件又带有空腔边缘的第二类齐次边界条件的勒让德方程.采用在正则奇点θ=0展开级数的方法,得到了幂级数形式的解析解.进一步将该方程转换为零阶贝塞尔方程,给出了近似解.2种解法结果相当吻合.     

波浪中浮体运动的时域混合格林函数法

基于混合格林函数法,对浮体在波浪中的运动进行了时域模拟.通过假想的直壁控制面将流场分割成内域和外域,分别引入Rankine源和自由面格林函数并结合控制面上的连续条件,对初边值问题进行求解.利用开发的数值计算程序对圆柱形平台和S175船进行了计算分析,给出了时延函数、波浪力幅值和运动响应结果,通过与频域方法和试验数据对比,证明该方法对零航速和有航速水动力问题均适用,能有效解决外飘船型的数值发散问题,且具有更高的计算效率.     

浅析数字图书馆参考咨询服务方式

在信息化、网络化背景下,高校图书馆有必要提供数字参考咨询服务.以35所高校图书馆的数字参考咨询服务为依据,探讨了参考咨询方式的选取,并对每种参考咨询方式进行了详细介绍,为有效地开展数字参考咨询服务提供了技术支持.     

Research progress in ZnO single-crystal: growth,scientific understanding,and device applications

Zinc oxide, a wide band-gap semiconductor, has shown extensive potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices, semiconductor photocatalysis, and diluted magnetic semiconductors. Due to the undisputed lattice integrity, ZnO single crystals are essential for the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, and also believed to be ideal research subjects for understanding the underlying mechanisms of semiconductor photocatalysis and diluted magnetic semiconductors. This review, which is organized in two main parts, introduces the recent progress in growth, basic characterization, and device development of ZnO single crystals, and some related works in our group. The first part begins from the growth of ZnO single crystal, and summarizes the fundamental and applied investigations based on ZnO single crystals. These works are composed of the fabrication of homoepitaxial ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, the research on the photocatalysis mechanism, and dilute magnetic mechanism. The second part describes the fabrication of highly thermostable n-type ZnO with high mobility and high electron concentration through intentional doping. More importantly, in this part, a conceptual approach for fabricating highly thermostable p-type ZnO materials with high mobility through an integrated three-step treatment is proposed on the basis of the preliminary research.     

Functionalized graphene oxide based on p-phenylenediamine as spacers and nitrogen dopants for high performance supercapacitors

p-Phenylenediamine （PPD） functionalized graphene oxide （GO） materials （PPDG） were prepared through a one-step solvothermal process and their appli-cation as supercapacitors （SCs） were studied. The PPD is not only as the spacers to prevent aggregating and re-stacking of the graphene sheets in the preparing process but also as nitrogen sources to obtain the nitrogen-doped graphene. The structures of PPDG were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy （XRD）, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and the results show that the nitrogen-doped graphene was achieved with nitrogen content as high as 10.85 at.%. The field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM） and high resolu-tion transmission electron microscopy （HR-TEM） have confirmed that the morphologies of PPDG were looselayered with less aggregation, indicating that PPD mole-cules, as spacers, effectively prevent the graphene sheets from restacking during the solvothermal reaction. The special loose textures make PPDG materials exhibit excellent electrochemical performance for symmetric SCs with superior specific capacitance （313 F/g at 0.1 A/g）, rate capability and cycling stability. The present synthesis method is convenient and may have potential applications as ultrahigh performance SCs.     

基于LIF技术的煤矿水源识别系统应用

本文主要叙述LIF(激光诱导荧光光谱分析)技术的基本原理以及在水源识别中的应用,重点分析LIF技术的系统构成和主要模块的选择设计。通过该系统对某矿的送检水样和标准水样进行荧光实验,得到水样的荧光光谱图。传统的水源识别主要依据水中代表离子的离子浓度进行分析,但是从荧光光谱分析水中代表离子的离子浓度难度较大。本文提出一种较为简单且实用的方法由荧光光谱进行水源的精确识别,即使用相应分析软件分别测量未知水样与标准水样的欧氏距离,得出未知水样的精确分类。对未知水样的水源识别验证了该系统的可行性,解决了当前煤矿无法对突水情况进行实时在线监测的难题,对于煤矿的安全生产具有重要意义。     

碳纤维/ZnO复合材料的制备和性能研究

通过对碳纤维表面进行修饰,利用低温液相沉淀法制备了碳纤维/ZnO复合材料并对其结构、形貌和发光性能进行了研究.结果显示,样品的紫外-可见吸收峰约为376nm,相应的带隙宽度约为3.30eV.由样品的荧光光谱得出,样品除了具有位于384nm的微弱的近带边紫外发光峰之外,还有位于597nm的强的绿光发光带.样品经过退火之后,绿光峰降低.这可能归于ZnO中氧空位的减少.通过对原始样品和经过退火处理样品的荧光光谱的研究得出,样品的绿光发射归于氧空位.     

液-质联用测定鱼体内甲基磺草酮的残留量

为了检测鱼体内甲基磺草酮的残留量,建立液相色谱串联质谱的方法测定甲基磺草酮。结果表明:在0.5~100μg/L浓度范围内,线性相关系数(r)为0.998 6。当添加质量分数为0.1~10μg/g时,甲基磺草酮在鱼体内的平均回收率为80.0%~99.3%,RSD为3.4%~8.4%。该方法的最小检出量为5.0×10-12g,鱼体内的最低检测质量分数(LOQ)为0.1μg/g。该方法操作简单可靠,准确度、精密度及其灵敏度均满足农药残留分析的要求,可用于鱼体内甲基磺草酮残留量的测定。