水泥土环境中粉煤灰水化与活性激发研究

水泥—粉煤灰与土充分拌合条件下,经过初级和次级2个过程形成水泥土固结体。粉煤灰的活性效应较之形态效应和微集料效应对水泥土强度的贡献是显著和持久的。活性激发剂———粉状硅酸钠溶出的OH-对粉煤灰网络聚合度比较高的“硬壳层”有腐蚀作用,同时硅酸钠水解产生的SiO32-在水化环境中可阻止水化硅酸钙生成过多而沉积在粉煤灰表面。通过构建粉煤灰在水泥土环境中的水化模型及SEM、力学性质等测试手段,分析了粉煤灰的水化与固结特性。     

界面处理和冷却条件对玻璃纤维与聚丙烯界面结合的影响 I.不同界面处理对界面剪切强度的影响

通过测定,得出马来酸酐改性聚丙烯（ＭＰＰ）是提高玻璃纤维与聚丙烯树脂界面剪切强度的关键因素,而偶联剂的变化对体系界面剪切强度的影响较少,用仪器分析证实了酸酐基团与玻璃纤维表面发生化学反应的实质,以及当界面存在改性聚丙烯时,应选择Ａ－１７４ＴＭ硅烷偶联剂处理增强聚丙烯的玻璃纤维,而不是传统的Ａ－１１００ＴＭ硅烷偶联剂。     

GM（1,1）残差模型群与酸雨预测

根据灰色系统建模原理，提出了用ＧＭ（１，１）残差模型群进行酸雨预测的新方法，并以实例建模印证了该方法的可行性。     

通货膨胀的预期不确定性

采用不确定性和预期等方法研究了通货膨胀．通过引入自回归条件异方差（ＡＲＣＨ）模型对我国近年来通货膨胀的预测不确定性问题进行讨论,对通货膨胀预期不确定性的估计及不确定性与通货膨胀水平及其变动的关系进行分析．研究发现,经济增长与通货膨胀之间并不存在此消彼涨的确定关系,通货膨胀的预期不确定性比高通货膨胀本身更易造成对经济增长的危害．从而表明,政府在制定政策时,应注意保持通货膨胀的稳定性．     

ALE有限元法解二维自由面流体大晃动问题

从Navier-Stokes方程和连续性方程出发，在ALE描述下，用四边形单元对所求区域加以划分；并借助于Galerkin加权余量法导出相应的有限元方程组，在有限元计算中速度和压力均采用四节点线性插值函数；通过二维自由面流体大晃动问题实例的计算，给出相应的计算结果，阐明了该方法的优越性和局限性。     

A separate two-stage pulse tube cooler working at liquid helium temperature

A novel 4 K separate two-stage pulse tube cooler (PTC) was designed and tested. The cooler consists of two separate pulse tube coolers, in which the cold end of the first stage regenerator is thermally connected with the middle part of the second regenerator. Compared to the traditional coupled multi-stage pulse tube cooler, the mutual interference between stages can be significantly eliminated. The lowest refrigeration temperature obtained at the first stage pulse tube was 13.8 K. This is a new record for singlestage PTC. With two compressors and two rotary valves driving mode, the separate two-stage PTC obtained a refrigeration temperature of 2.5K at the second stage. Cooling capacities of 508mW at 4.2K and 15W at 37.5K were achieved simultaneously. A one-compressor and one-rotary valve driving mode has been proposed to further simplify the structure of separate type PTC.     

带有轴向金属电极的烟火电流发生器放电性能研究

随着烟火学研究的进步,烟火器材的发展也进入了新的领域,烟火电流发生器是一种将烟火装置的化学能转变为电能的新型烟火器材.本文介绍了装药为碳化锆和硝酸钠的带有铜轴向电极的烟火电流发生器放电性能实验,测试了输出电压随时间的变化情况.通过对实验现象和所记录数据的分析,得到了药柱直径、氧化剂硝酸钠含量等因素对烟火电流发生器放电性能的影响规律.从理论上阐述了烟火药剂燃烧产生电效应的电化学理论基础,在此基础上对烟火药剂燃烧时产生电效应的机制进行了初步的分析.烟火电流发生器电动势值为累积大小,其形成过程是燃烧的烟火装药冷却阶段不同区域的各个电流形成过程的累加,烟火药剂燃烧产生电动势的规律符合熔盐电化学原理.     

Selective Smoothed Finite Element Method

The paper examines three selective schemes for the smoothed finite element method (SFEM) which was formulated by incorporating a cell-wise strain smoothing operation into the standard compatible finite element method (FEM). These selective SFEM schemes were formulated based on three selective integration FEM schemes with similar properties found between the number of smoothing cells in the SFEM and the number of Gaussian integration points in the FEM. Both scheme 1 and scheme 2 are free of nearly incompressible locking, but scheme 2 is more general and gives better results than scheme 1. In addition, scheme 2 can be applied to anisotropic and nonlinear situations, while scheme 1 can only be applied to isotropic and linear situations. Scheme 3 is free of shear locking. This scheme can be applied to plate and shell problems. Results of the numerical study show that the selective SFEM schemes give more accurate results than the FEM schemes.     

大庆徐家围子断陷火山岩储集性控制因素分析

为预测大庆徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩储层有利相带的分布,对火山岩储集性的控制因素进行了分析。岩芯和薄片观察表明,原生孔隙是火山岩储集空间形成的基础,次生孔隙是储集空间的重要组成部分。通过对火山岩孔隙类型的统计,结合对岩芯物性的对比分析,发现控制火山岩储集性的主要因素有火山岩岩相、构造裂缝和酸性流体的溶蚀作用等。不整合面下方火山机构地貌突出且火山岩溶蚀强烈的部位应该成为今后重点勘探的区域。     

用具有零权的平差方法求解秩亏自由网的研究

以秩亏自由网平差的法方程系数阵的特征根作为虚拟权 ,构造两组虚拟误差方程 ,其中一组具有零权 ,从而用具有零权的平差思想 ,导出求解秩亏自由网待估参数平差值及其协因数的公式 ,并指出 ,此结果与用主成分估计法求解秩亏自由网的结果完全一致。