粗粒料颗粒破碎特性研究述评

从颗粒破碎的度量指标、影响因素、对土体强度特性的影响和本构模型4方面对粗粒料在高应力条件下的颗粒破碎特性研究进展进行评述,并就其中存在的问题进行探讨,指出今后的研究方向:分形理论在颗粒破碎度量中的应用;初始应力状态对颗粒破碎率的影响;土体结构性对颗粒破碎的影响;土体尺寸效应对颗粒破碎的影响;考虑微观力学机理的颗粒破碎本构模型。     

AZ80镁合金热塑性稳定变形工艺参数识别

通过AZ80镁合金多组试样的热物理模拟压缩试验获得在温度523～673 K、应变速率0.01～10 s-1下的真实应力应变数据,以此作为计算应变速率敏感指数（m值）、能量耗散率（η值）、失稳判据（ξ值）三重指标的底层材料模型。以一组3D曲面形式揭示了应力、温度、应变速率、应变量的共同作用诱导的多种变形机制转化及同时存在所引起的应变速率敏感系数m值的剧烈响应,并通过m值的正负初步识别变形稳定区与失稳区。进一步绘制能量耗散图并识别出η值为负的不稳定变形区,以及η值为正的稳态变形区。在此基础上最后通过失稳判据分布图识别出ξ＞0的稳定变形区、ξ≤-1的失稳变形区、-1＜ξ≤0的亚稳定变形区。综合识别后,具有较高m值水平、较高η值水平、较高ξ值水平的稳定变形参数区间为优先推荐,具有负m值水平、负η值水平、负ξ值水平的失稳变形参数区间为避免推荐。     

Film cooling with using the decomposition of an NH3 cooling stream as a chemical heat sink

The inlet temperatures of gas turbines are generally increasing over time,so conventional cooling methods are likely to approach their useful limits.It is therefore essential to investigate novel cooling methods.Based on the theory of heat transfer enhancement,a novel film cooling method for gas turbine blades using a chemical heat sink is proposed.In this method,the endothermic reaction of an NH 3 cooling stream heated by the main gas stream takes place,reducing the convective heat transfer between the mainstream and the blades.Therefore,film cooling effectiveness is improved.To test the feasibility of the proposed method,numerical simulations were conducted,using the classical flat plate with a 30 degree angled cylindrical hole(diameter,D).Film cooling effectiveness at different blowing ratios(M = 0.5,1.0,and 1.5) were computed and compared with the results of conventional cooling methods.The simulation results show that the proposed method can enhance film cooling effectiveness not only in the stream-wise direction,but also in the span-wise direction.The span-averaged film effectiveness is improved in the presence of a chemical heat sink,with the value of X/D(the ratio of downstream distance from the center of the film hole to the diameter of the film hole) increasing downstream of the film hole.The novel film cooling approach showed the best performance at M = 0.5.     

苯乙烯型阳离子交换树脂的制备及其对降低固原市自来水硬度的研究

以苯乙烯为聚合单体,二乙烯基苯为共聚单体,采用悬浮聚合法制备苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚珠体,然后用浓硫酸磺化制得阳离子交换树脂。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析表明,成功制备了阳离子交换树脂。试验用NaOH标准溶液滴定浸泡过离子交换树脂的NaCl溶液的方法测定交换容量的大小为4.50 mmol/g。以宁夏固原市自来水为研究对象,用制备的苯乙烯型阳离子交换树脂对其进行软化,采用EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐)滴定法测量自来水浸泡阳离子交换树脂前后硬度的变化,结果表明,制备的离子交换树脂交换性能良好,降低了固原市自来水的硬度。     

纳米磁石磁共振造影剂稳定混悬及磁性研究

以中药磁石作主料、羧甲基纤维素钠为表面活性剂、水为基载液,用研磨法制备出一种新型的口服磁共振胃肠道造影剂,就其稳定性和磁响应性进行了实验与机理研究.结果表明:用尺寸为10～15nm的磁石制备的造影剂,可稳定混悬、不沉降、不团聚.在外加场强为104Oe、外部温度为18℃的条件下磁响应强度为(26.0±1.1)emu/g,撤除磁场时剩磁为零,显示磁石微粒具有超顺磁性.可作为一种新型磁共振口服造影剂,用于诊断胃肠道病变.     

建筑工人不安全行为影响路径研究综述

建筑工人不安全行为是建筑安全事故的主要原因,建筑工人不安全行为影响因素及影响路径的研究是降低建筑工人不安全行为关键科学问题之一。为减少建筑工人不安全行为的发生,从个体、组织、社会3个方面综述建筑工人不安全行为影响因素的研究成果,梳理了影响因素的影响路径。基于文献阅读的归纳和总结,得出未来应进一步从认知心理角度深入研究建筑工人不安全行为影响路径,重视环境因素和个体的交互作用对不安全行为的影响过程的研究;在研究主体上,应关注建筑业非正式群体对不安全行为的影响。研究成果有助于完善安全管理理论研究,提高安全生产水平。     

基于Parzen窗函数的SAR图像人造目标检测算法

提出了一种基于Parzen窗函数的SAR图像人造目标检测算法.该方法首先以基于数据驱动的Parzen窗核函数逼近实际SAR图像的直方图,完成SAR图像的精确建模;在此基础上,理论推导了全局CFAR检测算法的阈值,设计了阈值求解的数值算法.典型目标的实际图像的实验结果证明,该方法是一种速度较快、精度较高的人造目标检测算法.     

一种求单源单汇点无环图最短路径的新算法

用Ｄｉｊｋｓｔｒａ算法，可求出单源单汇点最短路径，时间复杂性是Ｏ（ｎ２）．笔者提出了一种求最短路径的算法，时间复杂性是Ｏ（ｎ＋ｅ）（其中ｎ是图中顶点数，ｅ是边数），且两种算法的空间复杂性基本相同。     

单机系统二阶微分模型的稳定性和周期解的研究

电力系统的稳定、安全运行关系到国民经济的发展,本文在建立单机无限大系统的二阶微分模型之后,研究了单机无限大系统模型方程的李雅普诺夫函数在零点处的稳定性及模型方程周期解,结果表明在忽略阻尼项时模型方程的李氏函数在零点处是稳定的,而考虑阻尼项时,微分方程不存在周期解,即系统不存在周期震荡。     

Visual Perception-Based Fault Diagnosis in Froth Flotation Using Statistical Approaches

Froth flotation is an important mineral concentration technique. Faulty conditions in flotation processes may cause the huge waste of mineral resources and reagents, and consequently, may lead to deterioration in terms of benefits of flotation plants. In this paper, we propose a computer vision-aided fault detection and diagnosis approach for froth flotation. Specifically, a joint Gabor texture feature based on the Copula model is designed to describe froth images; a rejection sampling technique is developed to generate training sets from the quality distribution of real flotation products, and then an isolation forest-based fault detector is learned; and a fault diagnosis model based on spline regression is developed for root cause identification. Simulation experiments conducted on the historical industry data show that the proposed strategy has better performance than the alternative methods. Thereafter, the entire framework has been tested on a lead-zinc flotation plant in China. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.