The entropy characters of point mutation

The biological diversity, which depends on the genetic material DNA, is the foundation for a species to survive and evolve. The entropy is the best measurement of biological diversity. Based on the single-parameter and the two-parameter models, here we established some differential equations about the point mutation of a DNA sequence with finite length, as well as some functions describing the processes of the variation in quantities of 4 kinds of bases （A, T, G and C） in the DNA sequence. At the molecular level, we discussed the entropy characteristics of point mutation. The results proved that a species maintained its entropy and evolved in the direction of the increasing biological diversity. In order to testify the theoretical results, we did a series of computer simulations of random point mutation in Matlab environment. The results were well consistent with the theoretical researches.     

Grenvillian orogeny in the Southern Cathaysia Block: Constraints from U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircon from metamorphic basement

Metamorphic basement rocks in the Cathaysia Block are composed mainly of meta-sediments with different ages. New zircon U-Pb geochronological results from the meta-sedimentary rocks exposed in the Zengcheng and Hezi areas, southern Cathaysia Block, show that they consist dominantly of early Neoproterozoic （1.0-0.9 Ga） materials with minor Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic and late Neoproterozoic （0.8-0.6 Ga） components, suggesting that the detritus mostly come from a Grenvillian orogen. The youngest detrital zircon ages place a constraint on the deposition time of these sediments in Late Neoproterozoic. Zircon Hf isotopic compositions indicate that the Grenvillian zircons were derived from the reworking of Mesoproterozoic arc magmatic rocks and Paleoproterozoic continental crust, implying an arc-continent collisional setting. Single-peak age spectra and the presence of abundant euhedral Grenvillian zircons suggest that the sedimentary provenance is not far away from the sample location. Thus, the Grenvillian orogen probably preexisted along the southern margin of the Cathaysia Block, or very close to the south. Similarity in the ages of Grenvillian orogeny and the influence of the assembly of Gondwana in South China with India and East Antarctic are discussed, with suggestion that South China was more likely linked with the India-East Antarctica continents in Early Neoproterozoic rather than between western Laurentia and eastern Australia.     

Phase transition in the subducted oceanic lithosphere and generation of the subduction zone magma

Two metamorphic processes, i.e. subsolidus dehydration and partial melting occurring in MORB, metasediments and peridotite of subducted oceanic lithosphere are discussed on the basis of available experimental work and phase equilibrium modeling. Phase diagrams of hydrous MORB show that in most cold subduction P-T （pressure-temperature） regimes a large portion of water in the basic layer has released below the onset of blueschist facies （〈 20 km）, and at a depth （60--70 km） of transition from lawsonite blueschist to lawsonite eclogite facies through glaucophane dehydration; only a smaller portion of water will escape from the slab through dehydration of lawsonite and chloritoid in the depth range suitable for arc magma formation; and a very small portion of water stored in lawsonite and phengite will fade into the deeper mantle. The role of amphibole for arc magma formation is still arguable. In cold subduction P-Tregimes, the dehydration of chlorite and talc in AI-poor metasediments, and chloritoid and carpholite in AI-rich metapelites at a depth around 80--100 km will make some con- tributions to the formation of arc magma. Comparatively, dehydration of serpentine in hydrated peri- dotite occurs at depths of 120--180 km, playing an important role in the arc magmatism. Subduction of oceanic crust along warm P-T regimes will cross the solidi at a depth over 80 km, resulting in partial melting under fluid-saturated and fluid-absent conditions in the metasediments involving biotite and phengite, and in the basic rocks involving epidote and amphibole. The melt compositions of the basic crust are adakitic at pressures 〈 3.0 GPa, but become peraluminous granitic at higher pressures.     

一种基于成长的物流网络建模方法研究及实证分析

分析了当前流行的物流理论及其建模方法,结合复杂网络理论的最新应用,提出了一种基于成长特性的物流网络基本建模方法NGM。在建模的过程中,首先建立了一个原始模型,考虑到实际物流网络具有的成长特性、优先连接特性、赋权路径特性等方面的实际情况,在原始模型的基础上对该模型进行了修正和优化。结合物流配送中心的需要对该模型的一些特性进行了分析,最后给出了本模型的仿真实证结果。实验结果表明：基于NGM的物流网络能够按照节点的富集程度,形成了“一个核心节点,少量中心节点,大量外围节点”构成的层次型物流网络结构。该结构在经济性、时效性、安全性、沟通性和方便性方面都能使网络的性能达到最优状态。该模型对于物流网络的建模分析、系统设计和网络管理提供了一种新的思路和优化方法。     

远洋不定期船经营DSS系统的分析与设计

针对远洋不定期船经同决策中的问题,结合我国航运企业特点,通过对船舶不定期船生产经营活动决策过程中所存在的实际问题的系统分析,实现了远洋不定期船经营决策的ＤＳＳ辅助决策支持。     

基于RFPA-SRM的顺倾软岩边坡断层影响机理

 结合元宝山露天矿工程实例,基于细观力学方法和强度折减理论,应用RFPA-SRM对比模拟了有无断层作用下,顺倾软岩边坡失稳的动态过程,分析了边坡的稳定性,研究了断层对边坡失稳的影响机理。由结果分析得出：考虑断层时,F_s=1.099>1,边坡稳定,不考虑断层时,F_s=1.176,稳定系数增加0.077;边坡失稳破坏是一个渐进的过程,经历了裂隙的发生、扩展和贯通阶段,后形成滑动面,发生滑坡,同时存在拉张和剪切两种破坏方式;断层存在导致的应力状态改变和自身的强度特性是使滑坡模式和稳定性发生变化的根本原因。     

T-S模糊切换系统的非脆弱鲁棒H∞ 控制

为解决传统控制器在存在参数摄动时使闭环系统可靠性及期望的动态性能下降问题,针对一类基于T-S 模糊模型描述的不确定非线性时变时滞切换系统,进行了非脆弱鲁棒H∞控制器设计。首先,应用平行分布补偿法( PDC: Parallel Distributed Compensation) 算法,建立了非线性切换闭环系统的全局模糊模型; 其次,基于平均驻留时间法( ADT: Average Dwell Time) 通过构造出模糊基依赖的Lyapunov-Krasovskii 泛函,得到闭环系统非脆弱鲁棒H_∞控制器存在条件,并将控制器的设计转化为求解一组线性矩阵不等式的凸优化问题。最后,仿真算例验证了该方法的可行性。     

Joint Power Control Algorithm for CDMA TDD System

Current uplink power control algorithm of code division multiple access （CDMA） time division duplex（TDD） system contains signal-to-interference-ratio（SIR） and interference measurement, which is based on history information. However, the adjustment of transmission power of one user equipment（UE） will affect SIR of the others, because the power control is done independently of the power adjustment of other UE＇s. So the convergence speed of power control is not fast and the system performance degrades. In the proposed algorithm, all UE＇s assigned in same time slot adjust their transmission power based on current information, which takes into account the adjustments of transmission power of all UE＇s. The simulation results indicated that the proposed algorithm outperforms the old algorithm.     

Problems in wavelet analysis of hydrologic series and some suggestions on improvement

Applying the wavelet theory and methods to investigate the hydrologic processes such as precipitation and runoff is a hot field. However, several aspects in research are usually ignored: the effect of admissible condition of wavelet functions and the disturbance of noises for the detection of periods, the effect of the length of a hydrologic time-series on the final result, and the choice between the anomaly and the original time series for wavelet analysis. In this paper, these issues are fully discussed. Precipitation data from Lanzhou Precipitation Station are taken for case study. The result indicates that in the wavelet analysis of hydrologic series, denoise methods should be used to eliminate the influence of noises. The MexHat wavelet function satisfies the admissible condition, which ensures that the periodic properties of hydrologic processes can be well represented by using the MexHat wavelet for decomposition. The affected range of hydro-logic series which should be discarded before analysis is given. It is also suggested that the anomaly series should be used to highlight the actual undulation of the hydrologic series.     

Blurred Defocused Image Restoration Based on FRFT

A technique for restoring the blurred image resulted from defocusing of the lens is proposed in this paper, which is based on fractional Fourier transform （FRFT）.The FRFT, as a powerful tool for the analysis of time-varying signals, is closely connected with the optical imaging system. FRFT also can describe optical imaging process just like Fresnel diffractions, so a defocused imaging model based on FRFT is established to explain the blur phenomena of defocusing image. The defocused imaging model is greatly different from the traditional point spread function （PSF） model, and enables to uncover the blur nature of non-focus image. Then, an image restoration method using the novel model is proposed to handle the blurred defocused image. The method adopted a new iterative phase retrieval approach which can approximately estimate phase signals from intensity signals of a single defocused image by means of FRFT. Restoring image may acquire sharp image by implementing inverse FRFT on complex image signal made from the estimated phase signals and intensity signals. Experimental results demonstrate that the method is effective in restoring blurred defocused image.