A Generic TC-Based Method to Find the Weakness in Different Phases of Masking Schemes

Masking is one of the most commonly used Side-Channel Attack(SCA) countermeasures and is built on a security framework, such as the ISW framework, and ensures theoretical security through secret sharing.Unfortunately, the theoretical security cannot guarantee practical security, because several possible weaknesses may exist in the actual implementation. These weaknesses likely come from the masking schemes or are introduced by the implementation methods. Finding the possible weakness of the masking scheme is an interesting and important issue for real applications. In this paper, the possible weaknesses for masking schemes in FieldProgrammable Gate Array(FPGA) design are discussed. It was found that the combinational circuit is the key to the security of masking schemes. The Toggle Count(TC) method and its extension are utilized to evaluate the security of masking schemes in the design phase and the implementation phase separately. Comparing different logic-level simulators for the Xilinx FPGA platform, the behavioral and post-translate simulations are considered as the analysis method in the design phase, while the post-map and the post-route simulations are used to find the weakness during the implementation phase. Moreover, a Standard Delay Format(SDF) based improvement scheme is proposed to significantly increase the effectiveness of the TC model.     

Influence of strategy continuity on cooperation in spatial prisoner’s dilemma games with migrating players

The phenomenon of cooperation is prevalent in both nature and human society. In this paper a simulative model is developed to examine how the strategy continuity influences cooperation in the spatial prisoner’s games in which the players migrate through the success-driven migration mechanism. Numerical simulations illustrate that the strategy continuity promotes cooperation at a low rate of migration, while impeding cooperation when the migration rate is higher. The influence of strategy continuity is also dependent on the game types. Through a more dynamic analysis, the different effects of the strategy continuity at low and high rates of migration are explained by the formation, expansion, and extinction of the self-assembled clusters of “partial- cooperators” within the gaming population.     

Seasonal Variation and Land-Use/Land-Cover Type Impacts on the Correlation of Urban Heat Island Intensity and Difference Vegetation Index with Satellite Data in Xi’an,China

Green coverage has pronounced influences on urban heat island (UHI) effect, while the impacts of seasonal variation and Land-Use/Land-Cover (LULC) types on this effect has not been implemented. This paper investigated the spatio-seasonal characteristics of urban thermal environment and the vegetation-soil mixed area, and then explored the effects of vegetation status on UHI intensity from the perspectives of seasons and regions in Xi’an using four Landsat 8 images. UHI intensity index was implemented to extract UHI intensity based on thermal infrared imagery, and difference vegetation index (DVI) was used to represent vegetation-soil mixed area. Results indicated that DVI has impacts on UHI intensity, and their relations vary with season and region. In the whole Xi’an, if UHI intensity is smaller than -0.1, DVI increases with the increase of UHI intensity; whereas for UHI intensity is greater than -0.1, DVI decreases with increases of the UHI intensity from early spring to autumn. The highest correlation level was discovered in the autumn map (R²=0.713). Results of correlation analysis further displayed that DVI positively correlated with UHI intensity at impervious surface, and that the main urban area possessed the best correlation with R²=0.564 5.     

Synthesis and luminescence properties of Mn4+-dopant Ca14Zn6Ga10−xAlxO35 solid solution

Mn~(4+)-activated oxide phosphors,owing to their desirable spectral features,eco-friendly and low cost,are emerging as a new class of non-rare-earth red phosphors for warm white LEDs.However,these phosphors possess low photoluminescence quantum efficiency excited by blue chip currently.Herein we report an isostructural solid solution of Ca_(14)Zn_6Ga_(10-x)Al_xO_(35):0.15Mn~(4+)(0≤x≤10)synthesized by a traditional solidstate reaction route.The microstructure and luminescent performance of this red-emitting phosphor are investigated in detail with the aids of X-ray diffraction,diffuse reflection spectra,photoluminescence spectra/decay/QE,and temperature-dependent PL/QE measurements.Blue shift of energy peaks of~4A_2→~4T_1and~4A_2→~4T_2transition is illustrated by the Tanabe–Sugano diagram and the configurational coordinate diagram.The crystal field strength(Dq)and the Racah parameters(B and C)are carefully calculated to estimate the nephelauxetic effectβrespectively.Particularly we achieve external and internal quantum efficiencies as high as26.1%and 40.3%for Ca_(14)Zn_6Ga_6Al_4O_(35):0.15Mn~(4+)excited by 466 nm,the highest one ever reported in Mn~(4+)activated oxide phosphors under the similar condition.     

山东省相对资源承载力研究

采用相对资源承载力的研究思路和计算方法,并通过对原方法改进创新,计算分析了:①以全国为参照区,山东省1995～2004年的相对资源承载力及其演化过程;②以我国东部地区为参照区,山东省2004年的相对资源承载力;③以全省为参照区,山东省17市2004年的相对资源承载力及其区域间差异.结果表明:①与全国和我国东部地区相比,山东省的综合承载力均处于富余状态;②山东省经济资源对综合承载力的贡献率占较高比例,是人口的主要承载资源;③山东省17市相对资源承载力的地区差异十分显著.     

Variable diffusion boundary layer and diffusion flux at sediment-water interface in response to dynamic forcing over an intertidal mudflat

The diffusion boundary layer (DBL) significantly limits the exchange between sediment and overlying water and therefore becomes a bottleneck of diffusive vertical flux at the sediment-water interface (SWI). Variable DBL thickness and diffusion flux in response to dynamic forcing may influence replenishment of nutrients and secondary pollution in coastal waters. In situ measurements of velocity in the bottom boundary layer (BBL) and oxygen concentration in the DBL were made over an intertidal mudflat, using an acoustic Doppler current and mini profiler. A linear distributed zone in the oxygen profile, the profile slope discontinuity and variance of concentration can be used to derive accurate DBL thickness. Diffusion fluxes calculated from the water column and sediment are identical, and their bias is less than 6%. A numerical model PROFILE is used to simulate the in situ dissolved oxygen profile, and layered dissolved oxygen consumption rates in the sediment are calculated. The DBL thickness (0.10-0.35 mm) and diffusion flux (15.4-53.6 mmol m 2 d 1) vary with a factor of 3.5 during a tidal period. Over an intertidal mudflat, DBL thickness is controlled by flow speed U in the BBL, according to δDBL=1686.1DU 1+0.1 (D is the molecular diffusion coefficient). That is, the DBL thickness δDBL increases with decreasing flow speed U. Changes of diffusion flux at the SWI are caused by variations in the water above the sediment and the turbulent mixing intensity. The diffusion flux is positively related to the turbulent dissipation rate, friction velocity and turbulent energy. Under the influence of dynamics in the BBL, DBL thickness and flux vary significantly.     

特大型高铁车站候车厅建筑声环境分析

我国新建的高铁车站候车厅体积巨大,对该类超大体积空间的声场特性缺乏深入研究.文中以一候车厅为例,采用现场测量和声场计算机仿真技术,对该候车厅的室内声场参数进行深入分析和讨论.结果表明:该空间混响时间较长,呈现中频较长(达9.21 s)、低频和高频比中频短的频率特性;在该空间中,语言传输指数与早期衰变时间(500和1 000 Hz倍频带)高度相关,而与混响时间(500和1 000 Hz倍频带)的相关性不大;增加建筑界面的吸声量,声场参数得到显著改善;A声级与声源和接收点距离的对数值高度相关,混响时间(500和1 1000Hz倍频带)与声源和接收点的距离无关.在一定距离范围内,声场参数早期衰变时间(500和1 000Hz倍频带)、清晰度(500和1 000Hz倍频带)、语言传输指数与声源和接收点的距离高度相关.候车空间的分布式扬声器系统与旅客的距离需仔细设计,以满足语言清晰度的要求.     

Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-BaTiO3无铅压电陶瓷制备及性能

研究了不同烧结制度下的NBBT6陶瓷的致密度、介电和压电性能.870℃左右预烧,可以得到致密且压电和介电性能较好的陶瓷(d33=107 pC/N.∈r=750,tanδ为3.23%).通过相应的粒度分析可知,提高预烧温度对粒度的影响不太大,但可用于湿法制备工艺中的原材料制备,解决湿法工艺中材料易被极性水分子解离而影响材料组分的问题.加入少量的BaTiO3到NBT中形成NBT-BT的固溶体,通过对压电介电性能及XRD的分析可知.当质量分数x=0.06时.(1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3晶体结构出现由三方相到四方相的转变,此时的性能达到最大值(d33=114 pC/N,∈r=1 173.tanδ为3.4%).     

醋酸调质钙基吸收剂的循环碳酸化特性

提出了采用醋酸溶液调质石灰石和白云石的方法来提高它们在循环煅烧-碳酸化过反应过程中吸收CO2的能力.在不同反应条件下分别研究了石灰石和白云石的醋酸化产物醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁在循环煅烧-碳酸化过程中的碳酸化转化率.结果表明:碳酸化温度在600～700℃时,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁的转化率分别明显高于石灰石和白云石,经过15次循环和20次循环后其碳酸化转化率分别可达0.54和0.6.当煅烧温度从920℃增加到1 050℃时,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁转化率和抗烧结性能明显优于石灰石和白云石.随着碳酸化气氛中CO2浓度的增加,醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁转化率的增量小于石灰石和白云石.存在最佳的粒径范围使醋酸钙和醋酸钙镁的碳酸化能力最大.虽然醋酸钙镁的碳酸化转化率高于醋酸钙,但单位质量煅烧后的醋酸钙的CO2吸收量大于醋酸钙镁.     

离合器分离杠杆受力研究

传统上认为：只要离合器分离杠杆的质心在过分离杠杆销轴轴线的平面内，当离合器旋转时，分离杠杆将不产生绕其转轴转动的力矩：若质心偏向哪一侧，则将产生向该侧转动的力矩。本文证明该观点是错误的，同时对分离杠杆进行了受力分析。并以泰山…650拖拉机为例进行了讨论。