图像美学质量评价技术发展趋势

 图像质量评价是利用计算机模拟人类视觉系统自动评价图像的失真程度,而图像美学质量评价是利用计算机模拟人类对美的感知与认知,自动评价图像的"美感",分析图像在构图、颜色、光影、景深、虚实等美学因素影响下所形成的美感刺激,这是计算美学与计算机视觉、心理学、虚拟现实等领域的学科交叉新方向,其在摄影摄像、电影电视、电子商务、服装设计、平面设计、文稿设计、工业设计、汽车行业、建筑行业、美容美妆等多个行业具有良好的应用前景。本文回顾了图像美学质量评价的发展历史,从基于人工设计美学特征的方法、基于美学特征深度学习的方法、图像美学质量评价的新任务、图像美学质量评价数据集构建等方面综述了该领域关键技术的发展情况,并展望了图像美学质量评价及其关键技术的发展趋势。     

脉冲无氰电镀在硅基RF-MEMS滤波器中的应用及优化

针对硅基RF-MEMS带通滤波器制备过程中金层电镀沉积工艺,基于亚硫酸金盐无氰电镀液,并结合脉冲电镀技术,通过对电流密度、占空比、正负脉冲时间比、脉冲频率、温度、搅拌速率等相关工艺参数进行优化组合,实现了所设计的硅基双层自屏蔽式RF-MEMS带通滤波器制备与测试,也为相关RF-MEMS器件制备提供了工艺指导.      

基于Jacobian矩阵的5UPS-RPS并联机构全域性能指标分析

提出一种由一个RPS约束分支和5个UPS主动分支构成的新型空间对称五自由度并联机构.为研究动平台和定平台半径变化对该五自由度并联机构速度性能指标的影响规律,利用虚设机构法求出机构一阶和二阶影响系数矩阵,并推导了速度和加速度表达式,利用推导的Jacobian矩阵对机构进行速度全域性能指标分析,并绘出上述性能指标图谱,得到动平台和定平台尺寸变化对并联机构性能的影响趋势,同时也得到所给动平台和定平台尺寸范围内速度性能较好的尺寸,为机构优化设计提供了理论依据.      

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

Influence of minor boron on the microstructures of a second generation Nibased single crystal superalloy

Boron is added into single crystal superalloys as a micro-alloying element to strengthen low angle grain boundaries.However,systematic investigations on the effect of boron on microstructures of single crystal superalloys are limitedly reported.The effect of boron on as-cast and heat-treated microstructures was investigated in two experimental Ni-based single crystal superalloys containing 3 wt% Re.The current results indicated that the volume fraction of(γ+γ′)eutectic and M_3B_2 borides was evidently increased,while the number of micropores was evidently decreased with the addition of 0.02 wt% boron.The(γ+γ′)eutectic could not be dissolved completely due to the lower incipient melting temperature caused by the formation of M_3B_2 borides.Meanwhile,the M_3B_2 borides were found to be enriched with indispensable strengthening elements Cr,Mo,W and Re,and this may lower the strengthening effect and cause stress concentration during high temperature creep.     

Mechanical characterization and strain-rate sensitivity measurement of Ti- 7333 alloy based on nanoindentation and crystal plasticity modeling

The relationship between crystal orientations and meso-mechanical properties of β phase Ti-7333 titanium was investigated through the combination of nanoindentation experiments and simulation. The crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE) model for nanoindentation of single body-centered cubic crystal was established based on the experimental data. And the crystal plasticity constitutive law was implemented to simulate the nanoindentation process, obtaining satisfied results with an acceptable error. From the simulated pileup morphology patterns with different crystal orientations, it was found that the β phase experienced a symmetrical and orientation-related deformation process. Meanwhile, the strain-rate sensitivity(SRS) of β phase was investigated through nanoindentation tests based on continuous stiffness measurement(CSM) under different strain rates,varying between 0.2, 0.05 and 0.01 s~(-1). Two grains with different orientations exhibited similar SRS exponents,m, calculated from the experimental results.     

WO3 nanoflakes decorated with CuO clusters for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

The low quantum efficiency arising from poor charges transfer and insufficient light absorption is one of the critical challenges toward achieving highly efficient water splitting in photoelectrochemical cells. Three dimensions(3D) structures and heterojunctions have received intensive research interests recent years due to their excellent ability to separate photo-generated charges as well as the enhanced light harvesting property. Herein,3 D Cu O/WO_3 structure was fabricated through a facile solvothermal method followed by chemical bath deposition. The loading of Cu O clusters on WO_3 nanoflake arrays results in a much improved photocurrent density compared with that of pristine WO_3 nanoflake arrays, which reaches 1.8 m A/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement demonstrates that the improved performance of Cu O/WO_3 electrode is attributed to the accelerated charge transfer kinetics as a result of the desirable band alignment in Cu O/WO_3 heterojunction. This work demonstrates a facile strategy to construct superior WO_3 electrode, which will ultimately allow for efficient storage of solar energy into hydrogen.     

基于CarSim与Simulink联合仿真的轮式拖拉机舒适性分析

根据滤波白噪声路面数学模型在Simulink中建立了D级路面仿真模型,利用Car Sim-Simulink联合仿真方法建立了东风404轮式拖拉机的车辆动力学模型,结合建立的模型进行了在车速分别为10、30、50 km/h时的舒适性仿真分析,结果表明整车的舒适性有待提高.探索了在Simulink中建立路面模型的方法及利用CarSim-Simulink研究整车舒适性分析的途径,为进一步进行整车动力学分析提供了依据.     

南宁市4种绿化树种的滞尘效益评估

【目的】研究常见道路绿化植物的滞尘能力和对粉尘污染的抗性能力,并对植物滞尘效益进行评价。【方法】选取南宁市4种常见行道绿化树种:扁桃(Mangifera persiciformis)、鱼尾葵(Caryota ochlandra),朱槿(Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)、黄金榕(Ficus microcarpa),在南宁市交通繁忙区、建筑工地、工业密集区和相对清洁的对照区对树种叶片的滞尘能力进行测定,选择植物的叶绿素含量变化、净光合速率、蒸腾速率3个光合生理指标分析其抗性。【结果】鱼尾葵的滞尘能力在交通繁忙区和建筑污染区中最强,黄金榕在各污染区中受到的影响相对较小。工业污染区中黄金榕的滞尘能力最高;交通繁忙区中,鱼尾葵的净光合速率和蒸腾速率受影响较大,朱槿的叶绿素含量下降率最高;在建筑污染区和工业污染区,扁桃受到滞尘的影响较大。综合评价4种绿化树种的滞尘效益,交通繁忙区和建筑污染区最高为黄金榕,工业污染区最高为朱槿。【结论】同种植物对不同污染源的抗逆性不同,其滞尘能力也不同。通过综合评价,能较为客观地为南宁绿化树种选择和配制提供参考依据。     

城市轨道交通网络化运营条件下车辆基地的资源共享研究

随着国内城市轨道交通建设的快速发展与网络化运营的需求,车辆基地的资源共享研究受到日益广泛的关注与重视.该文旨在从线网车辆运用及维修角度对整个线网车辆基地进行分析研究,探讨相关各专业各种资源的共享、合理取舍和确定各车辆基地的规模.