基于Windows CE嵌入式车载导航终端的设计

摘要：对嵌入式操作系统Windows CE．net的源代码进行了大量的修改，同时应用EVC＋＋4．0开发应用软件，实现了车载导航系统的各项功能．在ARM9目标板上下栽操作系统镜像和应用软件，经测试，导航系统的操作系统运行稳定，能准确接收GPS、GPRS数据，且接收到GPS数据后能准确地在电子地图上显示并指示方向．     

On-chip natural assembly of silicon photonic bandgap crystals.

Photonic bandgap crystals can reflect light for any direction of propagation in specific wavelength ranges. This property, which can be used to confine, manipulate and guide photons, should allow the creation of all-optical integrated circuits. To achieve this goal, conventional semiconductor nanofabrication techniques have been adapted to make photonic crystals. A potentially simpler and cheaper approach for creating three-dimensional periodic structures is the natural assembly of colloidal microspheres. However, this approach yields irregular, polycrystalline photonic crystals that are difficult to incorporate into a device. More importantly, it leads to many structural defects that can destroy the photonic bandgap. Here we show that by assembling a thin layer of colloidal spheres on a silicon substrate, we can obtain planar, single-crystalline silicon photonic crystals that have defect densities sufficiently low that the bandgap survives. As expected from theory, we observe unity reflectance in two crystalline directions of our photonic crystals around a wavelength of 1.3 micrometres. We also show that additional fabrication steps, intentional doping and patterning, can be performed, so demonstrating the potential for specific device applications.     

内源菌激活营养成分在石英砂上的吸附行为

为了确定微生物采油所用营养成分在地层中的损耗情况,在模拟油藏条件下,分别利用浸泡法和物质平衡法研究了微生物采油中内源菌激活常用营养组分(葡萄精、硝酸钾、磷酸二氢钾)在石英砂上的静态和动态吸附作用.实验结果表明:3种组分中葡萄糖的静态吸附量和动态滞留量最高,分别为8.5×10-4和8.9×10-4而硝酸钾和磷酸二氢钾的吸附较弱,其静态吸附量与动态滞留馈都仅在1×10-4左右;动态吸附实验中,注入营养液1.5VP(VP为孔隙体积)时,岩心各组分的出口质量浓度接近入口质量浓度,转水驱2VP时,出口质量浓度接近0,表明动态驱替时吸附作用较弱.     

饱和黏土的一维热固结特性试验研究

通过室内试验,研究了饱和黏土在不同温度作用下的固结效应.结果表明:温度对土颗粒的膨胀作用和孔隙比的收缩作用影响较小;高温作用下发生的热膨胀在一定程度上阻碍了变形的发生,高温条件下压缩指数较低温条件下有减小的趋势.但渗透性的增强使得该现象逐渐减弱.随着温度的升高,先期固结应力均随之减小.通过反分析得到了两种黏土的材料参数γ.材料参数γ越大,相同温度下的归一化先期固结应力越小.温度越高,水溶液的黏度越低,越容易被排出,其渗透系数越大,超静孔隙水压的消散越快,所以超静孔隙水压随着温度的升高而减小.渗透系数随着孔隙比的升高而升高.粒径较大试样的渗透系数大于粒径较小试样的渗透系数.     

Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations

With the advent of dense maps of human genetic variation, it is now possible to detect positive natural selection across the human genome. Here we report an analysis of over 3 million polymorphisms from the International HapMap Project Phase 2 (HapMap2). We used 'long-range haplotype' methods, which were developed to identify alleles segregating in a population that have undergone recent selection, and we also developed new methods that are based on cross-population comparisons to discover alleles that have swept to near-fixation within a population. The analysis reveals more than 300 strong candidate regions. Focusing on the strongest 22 regions, we develop a heuristic for scrutinizing these regions to identify candidate targets of selection. In a complementary analysis, we identify 26 non-synonymous, coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms showing regional evidence of positive selection. Examination of these candidates highlights three cases in which two genes in a common biological process have apparently undergone positive selection in the same population:LARGE and DMD, both related to infection by the Lassa virus, in West Africa;SLC24A5 and SLC45A2, both involved in skin pigmentation, in Europe; and EDAR and EDA2R, both involved in development of hair follicles, in Asia.     

旅游流规模结构的Zipf特征与差异度对比研究——以四川省为例

以1996年至2004年入境旅游统计数据为样本,借用齐夫(Zipf)参数和差异度、均衡度指标,对四川省入境旅游流规模结构的齐夫(Zipf)特征和差异度进行了对比研究.结果发现齐夫(Zipf)参数可对旅游流规模结构进行分段处理,并以此分析各标度区内旅游流规模结构的空间分布形态;对不满足Zipf法则的无效标度区内部结构只能借助差异度和均衡度指标予以完成,但由于该指标既不能很好说明旅游流规模结构的标度分段特征,又无法反映旅游流结构的空间分布形态,故只能在分析旅游流规模结构时对齐夫(Zipf)参数起补充作用;用Zipf参数和差异度、均衡度指标定量研究旅游流规模结构所得到的结果与客观实际相符合,从而证明了Zipf定律、差异度、均衡度指标均可作为旅游流规模结构分析的有效手段或工具,这对丰富旅游流的分析方法具有重要意义.     

Struts框架的应用研究

提高网络环境中服务器上应用软件的质量和研发速度是软件产业界备受关注的问题.文中介绍了程序框架和 Struts 的概念,详细描述了 Struts 的工作原理,讨论了 Struts 核心组件的构成及其配置应用的具体方法.同时,对采用 Struts 进行应用系统开发的方法及流程进行了阐述,并以作者参与的电力营销系统的设计为例说明了 Struts 框架在程序开发中的具体应用.     

绕水翼空化流场旋涡特性分析

为了深入了解绕水翼空化流动机理,利用数字式粒子图像测速(DPIV)系统,并辅以高速摄像机,对绕水翼流动进行了观测. 观测结果表明: 空化的发展对整个流场的涡量变化起决定作用. 无论在空化还是无空化流场中,涡量主要集中在自水翼前后缘开始的剪切层所在区域,并形成涡带,且上下涡旋向相反;随着空化数的降低,空化区域的流场混合得更为均匀,从而使涡量的峰值逐渐减小;上下涡带逐渐靠拢,并向后延伸、拉直,同时下涡带的起始位置向后推移.     

电镀金刚石刀具钻削碳纤维复合材料磨粒磨损特征研究

采用电镀金刚石钻磨组合刀具钻削碳纤维复合材料能够有效地减小或消除毛刺和分层等加工缺陷,刀具的使用寿命主要取决于电镀金刚石磨粒的使用寿命．为此,对研制的刀具表面电镀金刚石磨粒的加工磨损形态进行了系统的统计观测．研究结果表明：采用电镀金刚石钻磨组合刀具钻削T300碳纤维复合材料过程中,电镀层的金刚石磨粒具有独特的初期不稳定磨损、混合磨损和正常磨损3个阶段,其磨损形态与钻削产生的轴向力具有显著的线性关系．随着钻孔数目的增加,钻磨孔的轴向力逐渐增大,但是加工出的孔径在刀具经过初期磨损后仍然能够较长时间地稳定在0．024mm误差范围内．     

晶粒尺寸对车轮钢解理断裂韧性的影响

通过紧凑拉伸试验研究了碳的质量分数约为0.5%的C50车轮钢解理断裂韧性KIC(即条件断裂韧性KQ)与晶粒尺寸的关系.结果表明,晶粒尺寸对试样的断裂韧性有明显的影响,但决定车轮钢解理断裂韧性的是组织中最大的晶粒尺寸,而不是平均晶粒尺寸,最大晶粒尺寸越大,断裂韧性越低.对于C50车轮钢,当前5%的最大晶粒平均尺寸为30~73μm时,车轮钢的条件断裂韧性KQ与晶粒平均尺寸的对数呈线性关系.