伊辛自旋梯的磁化平台和热力学性质研究

利用传递矩阵方法严格求解了混自旋S=1和S=3/2组成的伊辛自旋梯,考察了系统的磁化过程及外磁场下各向异性对系统热力学性质的影响.发现系统最近邻为铁磁性交换作用,链间次近邻为反铁磁性作用时,系统的磁化强度在m=1/4和m=3/4处出现磁化平台现象,与量子模型中的磁化平台可能出现的位置一致.系统的磁比热和磁化率曲线中出现了新颖的双峰现象.     

Effects of the dispersed droplet sizes on the critical behavior of pseudobinary microemulsion

The critical behavior of pseudobinary microemulsion systems{water/sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfo- succinate(AOT)/n-decane}with various droplet sizes was studied by measurements of refractive index. It was found that the critical exponentsβfor all systems approach 0.327 in a region sufficiently close to the critical temperature,which is consistent with 3D-Ising universality class.The critical temperatures linearly decrease as the dispersed droplet sizes increase.The critical amplitude almost linearly in- creases with increasing the dispersed droplet sizes.     

一个新Pohozaev恒等式及其在四阶拟线性椭圆方程中的应用

对于具有Dirichlet边界条件的四阶p-双调和椭圆方程,建立了一个新的Pohozaev恒等式.利用该恒等式,得到了两类拟线性问题弱解不存在的充分性条件.最后,还讨论了具有Navier边界条件的p-双调和问题的Pohozaev恒等式.研究结果将对研究某些类p-双调和方程解的非存在性起到很好的作用.     

体全息存储器的设计与实现

设计并完成了一套体全息数据存储器实验样机,着重介绍了样机的光学系统、机械系统、控制系统等,并进行了1 200幅数据图像的存贮,实验表明达到了设计要求.     

印制线拐角的频域分析

分析了印制线直角拐角特性阻抗的不连续性及其对传输特性的影响,提出一种设计印制线拐角的新方法.基于时域有限差分法,研究了4种常见印刷电路板(PCB)印制线直角拐角的传输特性和反射特性.结果表明:印制线直角拐角传输特性改善的次序依次为直角拐角、圆拐角、内外斜切45°拐角和外斜切45°拐角,最佳拐角为45°外斜切直角弯曲;印制线拐角特性阻抗与其外斜切45°直角拐角最佳斜切率有依赖关系;对于标称特性阻抗50Ω的微带线,在小于8 GHz的频率范围内,其外斜切45°直角拐角的最佳斜切率约为0.535.     

Pollen records of Holocene vegetation and climate changes in the Longzhong Basin of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Pollen records with an average time resolution of 20-200 years from Holocene loess sections at Dingxi, Qin'an, and other localities of Gansu Province reveal a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes in the western Loess Plateau. For most time of the Holocene, the landscape was dominated by grasslands or forest steppes. However, during the middle Holocene (7.5-5.8 ka BP), relatively dense forests developed, and the endemic vegetation flourished, suggesting a much warmer and more humid climate condition than the present. Superimposed upon this general pattern are several dry intervals marked by the episodic expansion of grasslands or forest steppe. Xeric vegetation expanded after 3.8 ka BP, indicating a trend towards dry conditions.     

MODIFIED OPAL:A NOVEL STABILIZER FOR HYDROGEN PEROXIDE BLEACHING OF PULPS

The possibility of modified opal as the stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide bleaching was investigated. The results showed that the modified opal in place of sodium silicate as the stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide bleaching is feasible. At the same dosage, above 3% ISO can be increased for both wheat straw pulp and deinked pulp. The stabilizing ability of the modified opal to hydrogen peroxide bleaching of pulp is improved markedly. It is favorable for bleaching to increase temperature and time within a permissive extent. The suitable process conditions are 10% of pulp consistency, 3% of hydrogen peroxide, 1.5% of sodium hydroxide, 3% of the modified opal, 70℃ and 60 min when the modified opal is used as the stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide bleaching. At these conditions, the brightness gain can reach about 16% ISO for wheat straw pulp. In addition, it is favorable for bleaching to add a little magnesium sulfate when the modified opal is used as the stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide bleaching, the brightness of pulp can increase I%ISO if0.05% of magnesium sulfate is added. The cost analysis indicated that the modified opal is superior to sodium silicate as the stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide bleaching in economical aspect and has further the potential of market development.     

椭圆背角无齿蚌卵子发生的研究

作者通过石蜡切片技术与苏木精－伊红染色的组织学方法及超薄切片技术和透射电镜观察，较系统地研究了椭圆背角无齿蚌卵细胞的发生、发育与成熟过程的细胞学特征：原始生殖细胞在滤泡壁上分裂增殖，成为卵原细胞、卵原细胞发育、膨大成为卵母细胞而排入滤泡腔。在滤泡腔中卵母细胞不断地进行卵黄的合成与积累，体积继续增大。最后成熟的卵母细胞，在未完成减数分裂的情况下直接排入外鳃叶腔，与随水流入的精子相遇而受精，在观察的基础上，作者比较分析了双壳纲淡水贝类生殖过程中所具有的一般特征，着重讨论了卵子发生过程中的双核仁现象与卵黄发生，成熟卵母细胞减数分裂的阻断与重新起始。     

汞在北京大气中细颗粒物上的分布

为了解汞在北京大气中细颗粒上的分布 ,用 AN- 2 0 0型安德森冲击式分级采样器于 1 997年 1 1月 3 0日～ 1 998年 2月 8日 (采暖期 ) ,在北京 3个采样点同步采取不同粒径 (4.7～ 1 0 ,1 .1～4.7和 0 .43～ 1 .1 μm)的颗粒物 ,测定了其上汞的质量浓度 .影响大气中颗粒态汞的因素较多 ,释放源是其中之一 .3个采样点中最大颗粒物态汞浓度并未在工业区出现 ,表明北京市大气中颗粒态汞的环境行为复杂 ,可能具有广域扩散性 .3个采样点颗粒物态总汞质量分数为 (0 .98～ 2 .90 )× 1 0 -6,表明北京市大气中存在一定的汞污染     

用简化的瞬态测压方法研究高层建筑风振响应

采用瞬态脉动测压方法和改进型竖向相干函数 ,提出了计算高层建筑风振响应的简化方法 ,该方法在较低设备性能要求的条件下 ,进行较少工作量的风洞实验 ,并结合随机振动理论能较好地分析超高层建筑的风振响应 .将基础倾覆弯矩功率谱密度及均方根响应、顶部峰值动态位移和加速度等主要参数的计算结果和有关文献结果相比较 ,误差在可接受的范围内 ,证明了该文方法的有效性