醋酸纤维的改性研究

醋酸长丝是优良的纺织原料，既有纤维素纤维的服用舒适性，也有合成纤维的尺寸稳定性。在美国、日本等发达国家，目前醋酸纤维在纺织领域的应用和发展已比较成熟。综述了醋酸纤维的改性研究现状，重点讨论了差别化醋酸纤维的开发和改善醋酸纤维强力的研究。认为国内有必要对醋酸纤维的结构、特性进行研究，加深对该纤维的认识和理解，并在此基础上开发、推广醋酸纤维在我国纺织领域的应用，从而解决该纤维长期进口的问题。     

钙盐处理对柞蚕丝与桑蚕丝结构和性能的影响

钙盐处理是蚕丝纤维改性的一种重要方法.研究了桑蚕丝与柞蚕丝经氯化钙溶液处理后的溶失行为、形态结构、化学组成和结晶结构的变化.在相同处理条件下,柞蚕丝的溶失率比桑蚕丝小;两种蚕丝断裂强度的下降幅度一致;但柞蚕丝的断裂伸长增加,而桑蚕丝降低.经过钙盐处理,两种丝素的构象都会由β折叠向α螺旋或无规卷曲转变,但这种转变对桑蚕丝更为明显.钙盐处理30min后,柞蚕丝的结晶度上升,而桑蚕丝的结晶度下降.扫描电镜观察显示两种蚕丝均发生了分纤行为,但柞蚕丝变化不如桑蚕丝明显,内部孔洞也没有桑蚕丝多.     

The Behavior of the Rotor Spun Yarn(OE yarn)with Involving Twist

The rotor spun yarn(OE yarn),twist of which is calledlayering twist,was added a few involving twist,and itsstructure and properties were measured.The experimen-tal results have shown that the morphological structure ofthe rotor spun yarn with modified twist was changed andits tensile properties and abrasion resistance were im-proved.     

Cloth Modeling Based on Particle System

A physical-based particle system is employed for cloth modeling supported by two basic algorithms, between which one is the construction of the internal and external forces acting on the particle system in terms of KES-F bending and shearing tests, and the other is the collision algorithm of which the collision detection is carried by means of bi-section of time step and the collision response is handled according to the empirical law for frictionless collision. With these algorithms, the geometric state of particles can be expressed as ordinary differential equations which is numerically solved by fourth order Runge-Kutta integration. Different draping figures of cotton fabric and wool fabric prove that such a particle system is suitable for 3D cloth modeling and simulation.     

Study on the Durabilities of Trouser's Appearance and the Fabric Designing

The durability of trouser's appearance involves the durability of crease and seam line after pressing, bagging resistance, wrinkle resistance, pilling resistance on the surface during wear. These properties are very important for the tailored trousers. It is investigated how the durability of trouser's appearance is related to properties of the blend ratio of wool and PET, the yarn structure and fabric mechanical properties.     

长丝/短纤维复合纱捻度测试方法的探讨

提出用最大长度法测定长丝／短纤维复合纱的捻度，对两种羊毛、聚酯短纤维混合须条／聚酯长丝Sirofil纱的捻度进行了测试并同解捻法、一次退捻加捻法的试验结果进行了比较分析。结果表明：最大长度法捻度测试结果大于一次退捻加捻法而小于解捻法，与解捻法比较接近；一次退捻加捻法捻度试验结果明显偏低，不太适合于长丝／短纤维复合纱的捻度测试。     

Study on the Feltproof of Wool/Cocoon Stripping Blending Fabric

A new method is presented to prevent the wool fabric from shrinking effectively by using cocoon stripping blended with wool fiber. The sericin of cocoon stripping is used as resin to bond the wool fiber together after heat setting. The factors affecting the effect of shrinkproofing is heat setting temperature, wool/cocoon stripping blending ratio, cover factor, regain of fabric. Temperature of heat setting and the blending ratio of cocoon stripping are the two key factors. This method does not pollute the environment, and almost has no damage on wool fiber.     

采用WAXD、DSC技术研究山羊绒、羊毛纤维的结晶结构

我国山羊绒纤维的产量、质量均居世界首位,对其微细结构进行深入研究具有重要的理论及实践意义。采用X-射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪两种近代测试仪器,较深入地比较研究了山羊绒、羊毛纤维结晶结构的异同。研究结果表明,山羊绒纤维结晶度、α-结晶度高于羊毛纤维,大分子排列规整性好;羊毛纤维的结晶度、α-结晶度分别为山羊绒纤维的81.2％及75.8％。山羊绒、羊毛纤维DSC曲线均表现出α-结晶的双熔融峰,其熔融温度没有明显差异。     

热处理对山羊绒纱线性能及纤维微观结构的影响

采用高温染样机及假捻变形纱机的热箱，分别研究了山羊绒纱线在松弛状态、张紧状态下高温蒸纱、煮纱处理以及干热空气处理对山羊绒纱线强伸性能、颜色及长度的影响，并进一步采用DSC技术．分别研究了山羊绒纱线经(120℃，5min)、(120℃，25min)张紧蒸纱处理以及(130℃，10min)松弛煮纱处理后，其纤维熔融峰的变化。结果表明，山羊绒纱线在热处理过程中，含水率越高，损伤越严重；与松弛蒸纱相比，张紧蒸纱后的山羊绒纱线的强伸性能下降较多，尤其是断裂伸长率；(130℃，10min)松弛煮纱使山羊绒纤维的绝大部分结晶熔融，纱线发生过缩。     

Prediction of Final Velocity of Aramid Fabric-Resin Composite Laminates Subjected to Ballistic Impact

The strain rate effects of aramid fiber material, quasi-static and ballistic impact perforation of composite laminates made of aramid fabric and phenolic resin/PVB are investigated respectively by means of MTS, split Hopkinson tension bars and ballistic impact apparatus. The tensile impact experiments on aramid fiber material are performed in strain rate range from 0.01/s to 1000/s. Experimental results show that the mechanical properties of aramid fiber material are insensitive to strain rate in the range from 0. 01/s to 1 000/s. An energy model to predict final velocity of composite laminates subjected to ballistic impact is proposed on the basis of experimental data of quasi-static perforation through the targets. The predicted final velocities show good agreement with the experimental final velocity.