短小芽孢杆菌C-9葡聚糖内切酶基因的克隆及其在酿酒酵母中的表达

从短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)C-9中克隆得到葡聚糖内切酶基因,该基因包含1980 bp核苷酸,编码559个氨基酸,其N端有一个预测的29个氨基酸的信号肽序列;以YIp5质粒为骨架,构建rDNA介导的多拷贝整合载体,实现葡聚糖内切酶在酿酒酵母中的高效、稳定表达。与对照菌株相比,含有葡聚糖内切酶基因的重组酿酒酵母可以在以羧甲基纤维素为唯一碳源的培养基上生长。     

钴铁氧体纳米晶粒的结构及磁特性研究

采用化学共沉法制备了纳米尺度的钴铁氧体粉料,并在1260~1340℃温度下进行了退火处理,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的结构和磁性进行了测量和分析.实验结果表明,在钴高含量(x≥0.7)时样品形成了单一的具有尖晶石结构的钴铁氧体,而钴含量x<0.7时样品生成了尖晶石结构的钴铁氧体相和α-Fe2O3相;CoxFe3-xO4的比饱和磁化强度σS随x的增加呈现出了先增后减的趋势,在x=0.8时出现峰值;在x=0.5~0.8范围内,矫顽力Hc随钴含量的增加有所下降,随后迅速增加,在x=1.0附近能同时得到较大的σS和Hc值.     

强震作用下钢-混凝土结构弹塑性损伤分析

通过LS-DYNA程序二次开发了钢材的弹塑性损伤本构模型,并分别建立了钢框架和混凝土核心筒的损伤准则.对强震作用下某20层的钢-混凝土混合结构的层间位移、框架与核心筒之间剪力分配等进行了数值分析,结果表明混凝土核心筒变形能力较钢框架差,强震作用下容易在薄弱层处产生变形集中破坏;对两种结构体系损伤发展过程分析表明,损伤指数能很好地跟踪两种结构体系的抗震能力退化过程,该模型和损伤准则可以用于强震作用下钢-混凝土混合结构的弹塑性损伤分析.     

Amplification of a gene coding for human T-cell differentiation antigen

Using previously isolated mouse L-cell transferents for the human T-cell differentiation antigen Leu-2, we now report the first example of spontaneous gene amplification for membrane antigens. The Leu-2 (or T8) antigen is normally expressed on T lymphocytes that have cytotoxic or suppressor functions. Cells of a Leu-2 transfected clone were stained with fluorescein-tagged monoclonal anti-Leu-2, and the brightest 0.1-0.3% of cells were viably separated using a fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). After growth of these selected cells, sorting and regrowth was repeated six times, resulting in a population of cells that, compared with the starting population, stains 40 times brighter for Leu-2 and whose DNA transforms 20 times more efficiently for Leu-2. In addition, these cells have 10- to 50-fold amplified human DNA sequences and numerous double minute chromosome fragments, a common indicator of gene amplication in mouse cells.     

Overexpression of N-cadherin is correlated with metastasis and worse survival in colorectal cancer patients

N-cadherin is related to the progression and metastases of several solid carcinomas. However, it was still unclear whether N-cadherin is overexpressed in colorectal malignant tumors that have stronger malignant tendency. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to detect the expression patterns of N-cadherin in both the primary tumors and their normal mucosa tissues of 120 patients with colorectal cancer. We revealed that N-cadherin was expressed in 78.3% (94/120) of colorectal tumor tissues and in only 9.2% (11/120) of paired distant normal mucosa tissues with a significant difference (P=0.000). The low, moderate, and high expression of N-cadherin protein was 42.5%, 30.8%, and 26.7%, respectively. N-cadherin overexpression was associated with advanced TNM stage, lymph nodes metastasis and distant metastasis (P<0.05). Patients with N-cadherin overexpressed showed the obvious lower overall survival rate than those with moderate and low expression, and patients with low expression had a better survival rate than those with moderate and high expression (P<0.05). In conclusion, high N-cadherin expression may lead to tumor aggressiveness and metastatic potential in colorectal cancer, and may prove to be a possible prognostic factor.     

Demography of the Yarrow's spiny lizard, Sceloporus jarrovii , from the central Chihuahuan Desert

The demography of a population of Yarrow's spiny lizard, Sceloporus jarrovii , was examined from 2004 to 2006 in the canyon Las Piedras Encimadas, located in Gomez Palacio, Durango, México. Lizards were studied using a mark-recapture technique. Reproduction in females occurred between November and May, coinciding with dry conditions. Reproductive activity was highest (percent of females with vitellogenic follicles or embryos) in the middle of the dry season (November and December). Thirteen percent of females reached sexual maturity at an average age of 8.5 months. The population structure was similar in spring and fall, but not in summer. A notable feature of summer, coinciding with the wet season, was the greater number of hatchlings and juveniles. The overall sex ratio did not differ from 1:1. The density of adults varied from 12 to 62 animals ? 0.5 ha –1 . Temperate and arid-adapted populations of S. jarrovii exhibited broad similarity in timing of the reproductive season, whereas factors such as density, growth, age at sexual maturity, and survivorship differed.     

The p66shc adaptor protein controls oxidative stress response and life span in mammals

Gene mutations in invertebrates have been identified that extend life span and enhance resistance to environmental stresses such as ultraviolet light or reactive oxygen species. In mammals, the mechanisms that regulate stress response are poorly understood and no genes are known to increase individual life span. Here we report that targeted mutation of the mouse p66shc gene induces stress resistance and prolongs life span. p66shc is a splice variant of p52shc/p46shc (ref. 2), a cytoplasmic signal transducer involved in the transmission of mitogenic signals from activated receptors to Ras. We show that: (1) p66shc is serine phosphorylated upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or irradiation with ultraviolet light; (2) ablation of p66shc enhances cellular resistance to apoptosis induced by H2O2 or ultraviolet light; (3) a serine-phosphorylation defective mutant of p66shc cannot restore the normal stress response in p66shc-/- cells; (4) the p53 and p21 stress response is impaired in p66shc-/- cells; (5) p66shc-/- mice have increased resistance to paraquat and a 30% increase in life span. We propose that p66shc is part of a signal transduction pathway that regulates stress apoptotic responses and life span in mammals.     

Size-dependent optical properties of Au nanorods

In the fast evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology,where size and shape are crucial in deciding the optoelectronic properties of nanomaterials,the understanding of size and shape dependent behavior is of direct relevance to device applications.Present study reports the synthesis of Au nanorods with well controlled aspect ratios,and the influence of the aspect ratio on the surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) activity using crystal violet(CV) as the probe molecule.The influence of pH and the concentrations of reducing agent and Ag ions in controlling the aspect ratio of gold nanorods are also investigated.The structural and optical properties of the synthesized samples have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy.The nonlinear optical(NLO) transmission of the Au nanorods investigated using the open aperture Z-scan technique revealed the absorption saturation followed by an optical limiting behavior,which may find potential applications in optoelectronic nanodevices.     

铝电解TiB2/C复合阴极用煤沥青的无机改性

采用无机粒子改性法在200℃下对煤沥青进行改性,分析无机粒子(Al2O3粒子或TiB2粒子)对改性煤沥青结构与性能以及改性沥青基TiB2/C复合阴极性能的影响。研究结果表明:改性煤沥青的结焦值和软化点比未改性煤沥青均有较大提高。无机粒子的添加进一步提高改性煤沥青的结焦能力,但降低改性煤沥青的软化点,与对比改性煤沥青相比,Al2O3粒子和TiB2粒子改性煤沥青的软化点分别降低4.5℃和2.0℃,结焦值分别提高4.85%和5.35%。经过1 000℃炭化,其残炭率相对于对比试样分别增加3.01%和5.87%。与对比复合阴极相比,Al2O3粒子和TiB2粒子改性煤沥青基复合阴极的密度分别增大0.45%和1.79%,开孔率分别降低5.08%和5.78%,电阻率从52.93μΩ·m分别降低到48.86μΩ·m和49.95μΩ·m,抗压强度从24.21 MPa分别增加到28.78 MPa和28.06 MPa,电解膨胀率分别降低0.10%和0.16%。无机改性粒子均匀地分布于粘结剂煤沥青炭中。     

Sub-laser-cycle electron pulses for probing molecular dynamics

Experience shows that the ability to make measurements in any new time regime opens new areas of science. Currently, experimental probes for the attosecond time regime (10(-18) 10(-15) s) are being established. The leading approach is the generation of attosecond optical pulses by ionizing atoms with intense laser pulses. This nonlinear process leads to the production of high harmonics during collisions between electrons and the ionized atoms. The underlying mechanism implies control of energetic electrons with attosecond precision. We propose that the electrons themselves can be exploited for ultrafast measurements. We use a 'molecular clock', based on a vibrational wave packet in H(2)(+) to show that distinct bunches of electrons appear during electron ion collisions with high current densities, and durations of about 1 femtosecond (10(-15) s). Furthermore, we use the molecular clock to study the dynamics of non-sequential double ionization.