技术创新活动的交往共同体

根据熊彼特的技术创新理论,经济发展的实质就是技术创新活动.在技术创新活动过程中,由于其自身的特点形成了独特的交往形态和交往结构,由此而构成了不同层次的交往共同体:实验室交往共同体、产业交往共同体和消费交往共同体.     

2-［(1’S,2''R)(2''-羟基-1’,2’二苯基乙基)氨基］-3,4-二酮环丁烯硫醇钠的表征与应用 

针对2\[(1’S,2’R)(2’羟基1’,2’二苯基乙基)氨基\]3,4二酮环丁烯硫醇钠的结构，通过元素分析，红外光谱及核磁共振进行了表征，并考察了它与常见金属离子的作用。实验表明，该化合物是一个优良的手性配体。     

The Importance of Writing Course for Second Language Learners

The question"why is writing course for second language learners so important"will be answered and some suggestions on how to write well for second language learners will be advanced.     

Selective effect of burn injury on splenic CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD8α+CD4−CD11c+ dendritic cell subsets

Burn injury causes an immunosuppression associated with suppressed adaptive immune function. Dendritic cells (DCs) are APCs for which signaling via their Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induces their maturation and activation, which is essential for the adaptive immune response. In this study, we examined if burn injury alters the TLR activity of splenic DCs. After injury, we noticed that DC functions were impaired, characterized by a suppressed capacity to prime naive T cells when triggering the TLR4 signaling cascade using specific ligands (LPS or rHSP60). The observed perturbations on LPS-primed DCs isolated from burned mice exhibited significantly diminished IL-12p40 production and enhanced IL-10 secretion-associated impairment in mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Interestingly, we observed a decrease of TLR4/MD-2 expression on the CD8α⁺ DC subset that persisted following LPS stimulation. The altered TLR4 expression on LPS-stimulated CD8α⁺ DCs was associated with reduced capacity to produce IL-12 after stimulation. Our results suggested that TLR4 reactivity on DCs, especially CD8α⁺ DCs, is disturbed after burn injury.     

协同多点传输中迫零预编码和天线选择技术

MIMO无线传输技术极大地提高了系统的容量,在实际通信系统中,整个网络是一个干扰受限的系统,小区间干扰对MIMO系统传输的影响是显著的,每个相邻小区的基站天线都可以看成一个干扰源．由于基站端数据处理能力的提升和回程容量的增加,多个小区协同多点传输技术引起了人们的广泛关注．目前的大部分工作都是集中于研究系统的容量（吞吐量）,而在实际系统中,每个用户的接收等效信噪比（即公平性）对系统的性能如误帧率等有重要的影响．对于每个用户为单天线的情形,研究了总功率受限和每天线功率受限下采用迫零预编码的系统容量和公平性．对两种功率约束条件下的公平性进行了分析,得到了公平性算法的闭式表达式．当每个用户为多天线的情形,为了降低计算的复杂度,引入了信道范数最大的接收天线选择算法,把每个用户为多天线的情形转化成等效的每个用户单天线情形,推导的每用户为单天线的公平性算法仍然适用．仿真结果显示,采用迫零预编码的多小区协作可以使系统性能显著提升．在相同的迫零预编码下,不同的功率分配策略对系统的容量和公平性有显著的影响．和用户为单天线相比,采用天线选择算法可以提升系统的容量和公平性．考虑了用户公平性时的吞吐量和最大系统吞吐量之间的折中关系,并给出了仿真结果．     

Trak1 mutation disrupts GABA(A) receptor homeostasis in hypertonic mice

Hypertonia, which results from motor pathway defects in the central nervous system (CNS), is observed in numerous neurological conditions, including cerebral palsy, stroke, spinal cord injury, stiff-person syndrome, spastic paraplegia, dystonia and Parkinson disease. Mice with mutation in the hypertonic (hyrt) gene exhibit severe hypertonia as their primary symptom. Here we show that hyrt mutant mice have much lower levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors in their CNS, particularly the lower motor neurons, than do wild-type mice, indicating that the hypertonicity of the mutants is likely to be caused by deficits in GABA-mediated motor neuron inhibition. We cloned the responsible gene, trafficking protein, kinesin binding 1 (Trak1), and showed that its protein product interacts with GABA(A) receptors. Our data implicate Trak1 as a crucial regulator of GABA(A) receptor homeostasis and underscore the importance of hyrt mice as a model for studying the molecular etiology of hypertonia associated with human neurological diseases.