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P.A. Bretscher N. Ismail J.N. Menon C.A. Power J. Uzonna G. Wei 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2001,58(12-13):1879-1896
The occurrence of infectious disease represents a failure of the immune system, a failure that must be prevented by effective vaccination or remedied by treatment. Vaccination against acute diseases such as smallpox and polio are very effective, due to the rapid and increased immune response of vaccinated individuals upon natural infection. In contrast, effective vaccination against intracellular pathogens that cause chronic diseases, such as the leishmaniases, tuberculosis and AIDS, has not been achieved. Clinical observations suggest cell-mediated, Th1 responses, exclusive of antibody production and the generation of Th2 cells, are optimally protective against these intracellular pathogens. Effective vaccination must ensure the generation of such a protective response. We explore here whether understanding very broad features of the regulation of the immune response can accommodate modern findings on the immunological features of these diseases, and provide a perspective within which strategies for effective vaccination and treatment can be developed. 相似文献
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Riadh Hammami Benoit Fernandez Christophe Lacroix Ismail Fliss 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2013,70(16):2947-2967
Bacteriocin production is a widespread phenomenon among bacteria. Bacteriocins hold great promise for the treatment of diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and could be used in the future as alternatives to existing antibiotics. The anti-infective potential of bacteriocins for inhibiting pathogens has been shown in various food matrices including cheese, meat, and vegetables. However, their inhibition of pathogens in vivo remains unclear and needs more investigation, due mainly to difficulties associated with demonstrating their health benefits. Many bacteriocins produced by established or potential probiotic organisms have been evaluated as potential therapeutic agents and interesting findings have been documented in vitro as well as in a few in vivo studies. Some recent in vivo studies point to the efficacy of bacteriocin-based treatments of human and animal infections. While further investigation remains necessary before the possibilities for bacteriocins in clinical practice can be described more fully, this review provides an overview of their potential applications to human and veterinary health. 相似文献
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This work proposes a new approach for the prediction of the electricity price based on forecasting aggregated purchase and sale curves. The basic idea is to model the hourly purchase and the sale curves, to predict them and to find the intersection of the predicted curves in order to obtain the predicted equilibrium market price and volume. Modeling and forecasting of purchase and sale curves is performed by means of functional data analysis methods. More specifically, parametric (FAR) and nonparametric (NPFAR) functional autoregressive models are considered and compared to some benchmarks. An appealing feature of the functional approach is that, unlike other methods, it provides insights into the sale and purchase mechanism connected with the price and demand formation process and can therefore be used for the optimization of bidding strategies. An application to the Italian electricity market (IPEX) is also provided, showing that NPFAR models lead to a statistically significant improvement in the forecasting accuracy. 相似文献
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Adham Khairul Akmaliah Muhamad Nur Sa’adah Said Mohd Fuaad Abdul Sarhadat Shahrizin Ismail Habib Asaril Mohd Nasir Mohd Fareez Assrul 《Systemic Practice and Action Research》2019,32(2):219-238
Systemic Practice and Action Research - Business incubation is one of the means that promotes the overall business and economic growth of a particular location. However, to date, the role of... 相似文献
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Haematopoietic stem cells do not transdifferentiate into cardiac myocytes in myocardial infarcts 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Murry CE Soonpaa MH Reinecke H Nakajima H Nakajima HO Rubart M Pasumarthi KB Virag JI Bartelmez SH Poppa V Bradford G Dowell JD Williams DA Field LJ 《Nature》2004,428(6983):664-668
The mammalian heart has a very limited regenerative capacity and, hence, heals by scar formation. Recent reports suggest that haematopoietic stem cells can transdifferentiate into unexpected phenotypes such as skeletal muscle, hepatocytes, epithelial cells, neurons, endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes, in response to tissue injury or placement in a new environment. Furthermore, transplanted human hearts contain myocytes derived from extra-cardiac progenitor cells, which may have originated from bone marrow. Although most studies suggest that transdifferentiation is extremely rare under physiological conditions, extensive regeneration of myocardial infarcts was reported recently after direct stem cell injection, prompting several clinical trials. Here, we used both cardiomyocyte-restricted and ubiquitously expressed reporter transgenes to track the fate of haematopoietic stem cells after 145 transplants into normal and injured adult mouse hearts. No transdifferentiation into cardiomyocytes was detectable when using these genetic techniques to follow cell fate, and stem-cell-engrafted hearts showed no overt increase in cardiomyocytes compared to sham-engrafted hearts. These results indicate that haematopoietic stem cells do not readily acquire a cardiac phenotype, and raise a cautionary note for clinical studies of infarct repair. 相似文献
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A. M. Rizk F. M. Hammouda S. E. Ismail M. M. El-Missiry F. J. Evans 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1984,40(8):808-809
Summary Two new aromatic derivatives of 5, 12-dihydroxy-6, 7-epoxy-resiniferonol were isolated from the leaves and twigs ofThymelea hirsuta L. (fam. Thymelaeaceae). These compounds were assigned the structures 12-O-cinnamoyl-5-hydroxy-6, 7-epoxyresiniferonol-9, 13, 14-ortho benzoate 1 and 12-O-heptadecenoyl-5-hydroxy-6, 7,-epoxy-resiniferonol-9, 13, 14-ortho benzoate 2. Both compounds induced erythema of mouse ears in a dose of 0.1 g per ear.Acknowledgments. S. Ismail and M. El-Missiry are grateful to the Royal Society for a travel and support grant. 相似文献
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Structural,morphological, Raman,optical, magnetic,and antibacterial characteristics of CeO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanostructures 下载免费PDF全文
Fazal Abbas Javed Iqbal Tariq Jan Noor Badshah Qaisar Mansoor Muhammad Ismail 《矿物冶金与材料学报》2016,23(1):102-108
In this study, CeO2 nanostructures were synthesized by a soft chemical method. A hydrothermal treatment was observed to lead to an interesting morphological transformation of the nanoparticles into homogeneous microspheres composed of nanosheets with an average thickness of 40 nm. Structural analysis revealed the formation of a single-phase cubic fluorite structure of CeO2 for both samples. A Raman spectroscopic study confirmed the XRD results and furthermore indicated the presence of a large number of oxygen vacancies in the nanosheets. These oxygen vacancies led to room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) of the CeO2 nanosheets with enhanced magnetic characteristics. Amazingly, the nanosheets exhibited substantially greater antibacterial activity than the nanoparticles. This greater antibacterial activity was attributed to greater exposure of high-surface-energy polar surfaces and to the presence of oxygen vacancies. 相似文献