一种简易新型长光程薄层光谱电化学池

设计并制作了一种新型长光程薄层光谱电化学池，其具有光程长、灵敏度高、重现性好等特点，且组装简便，电极容易更换，溶液未补偿电阻小，溶液用量少．易清洗．电解池以石墨为工作电极，分别用循环伏安、交流阻抗技术、光谱恒电位技术对其性能进行测试，得到比较满意的结果．     

我国旅行社实施CRM的思考

介绍了客户关系管理(CRM)的概念及内涵，通过对我国旅行社客户关系管理现状的分析，提出了我国旅行社实施CRM系统的两种基本策略，即自行建设策略和外包策略，并探讨了实施CRM时应处理好的几个问题。     

基于LNG冷能利用的低温冷库与冷能发电系统的集成

为提高液化天然气(LNG)冷能的利用效率,在对低温冷库利用LNG冷能进行(火用)分析的基础上,以甲烷和乙烷混合物(两者质量比为65∶35)为工质,将利用冷能发电的Rankine循环与利用LNG冷能的冷库制冷过程进行集成,以便在供应冷库所需的冷能不变的情况下,将深冷部分的LNG冷(火用)转换为电能.文中还对影响Rankine循环发电效率的参数进行分析.研究结果表明,集成后的系统在满足冷库所需冷能的基础上,使每吨LNG的冷能还可发电约15.5kW·h,LNG冷(火用)的利用效率从38.5％提高到54.0％.     

冰粒射流及冰粒制备

建立了冰粒射流系统。通过所进行的脱漆试验,考察了冰粒的流量、温度、粒径等3个参数对脱漆效果的影响,结果表明,冰粒射流可以在较低的喷射压力下达到脱漆功用。同时提出一连续制备冰粒方案,并对其进行了理论分析及计算。     

高速宽间隔混沌序列跳频器的设计与实现

本文讨论了一种新型跳频器的设计方案,还通过DSP的实现证明了它在实践上的可行性和在性能上的优越性.该方案完成了跳频通信系统中极为重要的两个功能:伪随机码的产生和跳变频率的合成,并将它们有机地结合在一起.     

全息曝光条纹锁定研究与装置设计

全息曝光环节干涉条纹的稳定性对于潜像质量的高低有着直接的影响,进而影响掩模形貌和离子刻蚀后光栅的槽型.为了保证干涉条纹的稳定性,依据反馈控制的理论,构造闭环反馈控制回路,采用光电探测器进行误差信号(光信号)的提取,经过光-电转换,得到电信号,由于信号极其微弱,再先后通过前置放大,差动放大,积分电路,对所得误差信号进行处理,形成补偿信号,最后利用压电陶瓷进行电压-位移转换,利用转换出的位移信号对光路实施补偿.实验结果表明:该条纹锁定系统能够实时对光路稳定性进行良好的补偿控制,消除外界干扰带来的影响.     

工业计算机断层扫描技术在文物保护中的应用

环境问题与人为因素对文物的保护构成了威胁,本文简要讨论了文物保护的相关技术,并对工业计算机断层扫描技术及其在文物中的应用进行了分析,通过一个实例实现了文物的断层扫描与图像重建的应用过程,以达到文物保护与研究的目的.     

Aerosols implicated as a prime driver of twentieth-century North Atlantic climate variability

Systematic climate shifts have been linked to multidecadal variability in observed sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic Ocean. These links are extensive, influencing a range of climate processes such as hurricane activity and African Sahel and Amazonian droughts. The variability is distinct from historical global-mean temperature changes and is commonly attributed to natural ocean oscillations. A number of studies have provided evidence that aerosols can influence long-term changes in sea surface temperatures, but climate models have so far failed to reproduce these interactions and the role of aerosols in decadal variability remains unclear. Here we use a state-of-the-art Earth system climate model to show that aerosol emissions and periods of volcanic activity explain 76 per cent of the simulated multidecadal variance in detrended 1860-2005 North Atlantic sea surface temperatures. After 1950, simulated variability is within observational estimates; our estimates for 1910-1940 capture twice the warming of previous generation models but do not explain the entire observed trend. Other processes, such as ocean circulation, may also have contributed to variability in the early twentieth century. Mechanistically, we find that inclusion of aerosol-cloud microphysical effects, which were included in few previous multimodel ensembles, dominates the magnitude (80 per cent) and the spatial pattern of the total surface aerosol forcing in the North Atlantic. Our findings suggest that anthropogenic aerosol emissions influenced a range of societally important historical climate events such as peaks in hurricane activity and Sahel drought. Decadal-scale model predictions of regional Atlantic climate will probably be improved by incorporating aerosol-cloud microphysical interactions and estimates of future concentrations of aerosols, emissions of which are directly addressable by policy actions.