控制轧制和控制冷却4C船板的组织和冷脆性

本文研究了轧制工艺参数(奥氏体化温度、道次压下率及终轧温度)对低碳钢板(4C船板)轧后铁素体晶粒平均直径和脆性转化温度的影响及后二者之间的相互关系。实验结果表明:这些轧制工艺参数中终轧温度起主要作用,它决定了轧后铁素体晶粒平均直径、脆性转化温度及-40℃时的冲击韧性;在约800℃终轧,效果最好。 本文也研究了轧后快冷时间及冷却速度对低碳钢板的组织和脆性转化温度的影响。实验结果表明,延长快冷时间及加快冷却对轧后组织产生复杂影响:使魏氏组织级别增加;使伪共析珠光体量增加;使珠光体退化及细化。这样复杂的组织变化,对脆性转化温度带来复杂的影响。结果表明,快冷时间及冷却速度都有一定限度。本文对低碳钢中珠光体的退化及珠光体形态作了一些研究。根据所得到的实验结果,关于控制轧制及控制冷却对低碳钢板的组织和冷脆性的影响,得出七点结论。     

Al-1%Si合金剧烈塑性变形中Si元素形态对合金组织与性能的影响

合金元素能够以固溶态或纳米颗粒析出形态影响铝合金变形过程中微观组织演化,但哪种形态对铝合金微观组织影响更显著仍有争议.以Al-1%Si合金为研究对象,通过在变形前改变硅原子析出态与固溶态的比例,利用多道次累积叠轧焊方法实现大变形,对比研究了在微观组织和力学性能达到饱和状态过程中纳米析出硅颗粒、晶粒尺寸和位错密度的演化,以比较固溶原子与析出颗粒对铝合金变形过程中组织及性能的影响.结果表明,初始样品中固溶原子越多,析出颗粒越少,变形后饱和位错密度更高,晶粒尺寸更小,对应屈服强度更高.Al-1%Si合金中弥散分布的固溶硅原子比同质量的纳米析出硅颗粒阻碍位错动态回复的总效果更好,与位错理论分析相符.材料内位错回复能力也会影响饱和晶粒尺寸,位错回复能力越强,饱和晶粒尺寸更大.     

工艺参数对棒材粗轧过程晶粒尺寸影响模拟

利用商业有限元分析软件MSC．Marc,建立了轴承钢GCr15棒材六道次粗轧过程的三维有限元模型．借助MSC．Marc的二次开发功能,将轴承钢GCr15的微观组织演变模型与棒材粗轧过程的热力耦合有限元模型相结合,模拟了不同工艺参数下奥氏体晶粒尺寸的演变过程．模拟结果表明,粗轧过程中轧件中心奥氏体的晶粒尺寸随着轧制温度的升高而增大;轧制速度对晶粒尺寸的演交基本没有影响;初始晶粒尺寸和轧辊辊缝的大小对奥氏体晶粒尺寸的演变过程有一定影响,但对六道次粗轧后的晶粒尺寸影响不大．实际工艺参数下模拟得到的轧件内部晶粒尺寸与实测值吻合较好．     

用超塑性预处理原理细化低碳钢晶粒的研究

利用超塑性预处理细化晶粒原理 ,在低碳钢中加入不同体积分数的第二相粒子ZrC和ZrO2 ,研究了ZrC和ZrO2 粒子体积分数及轧后不同冷却方式对低碳钢组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明 ,轧制变形量为 84 %时 ,加入 0 .8%的ZrC粒子 ,采用轧后水冷方式可获得超细组织 ,晶粒尺寸可达到 9.8μm ;加入 0 .2 %的ZrO2 粒子时 ,晶粒尺寸可达 7.8μm。轧后水冷比轧后空冷方式能获得更为细小的晶粒     

用超塑性预处理原理细化低碳钢晶粒的研究

利用超塑性预处理细化晶粒原理。在低碳钢中加入不同体积分数的第二相粒子ZrC和ZrO2，研究了ZrC和ZrO2粒子体积分数及轧后不同冷却方式对低碳钢组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明；轧制变形量为84%时，加入0.8%的ZrC粒子，采用轧后水冷方式可获得超细组织，晶粒尺寸可达到9.8μm；加入0.2%的ZrO2粒子时，晶粒尺寸可达7.8μm，轧后水冷比轧后空冷方式能获得更为细小的晶粒。     

管线用钢热轧规程物理模拟

应用ＴＨＥＲＭＥＣＭＡＳＴＲＥ－Ｚ型热加工模拟机对钢坯加热、控制轧制和控制冷却进行了试验研究。加热试验中发现，在１１５０℃时钢中Ｎｂ（Ｃ，Ｎ）已大部分固溶，且发生原始奥氏体晶粒突然长大现象，在１２００℃时Ｎｂ（Ｃ，Ｎ）几乎全部溶解。控轧试验证实，形变量和形变温度对再结晶奥氏体晶粒尺寸的影响最大。控冷试验表明，终冷温度和冷却速度对晶粒度的影响较明显。析出相基本上分为以钛为主的ＴｉＮｂ（Ｃ，Ｎ）较大尺寸析出和以铌为主的ＮｂＴｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）较小尺寸析出两种类型。     

双辊薄带连铸1.2%Si无取向电工钢组织和析出物

研究了双辊薄带连铸条件下,1.2%Si无取向电工钢初始组织和析出物形貌及分布规律.结果表明,在1 550℃浇注条件下,铸带经过空冷后以粗大的原始铸态铁素体组织为主,也有一部分相变产生的细小晶粒,晶粒尺寸范围为50~400μm.铸带中析出物为AlN和MnS,其中AlN析出分为高温析出和相变析出两种,高温析出AlN尺寸在0.5μm左右,相变析出AlN尺寸则在100 nm左右,二者对再结晶组织影响不大.MnS在铸带成型和成品退火过程中都有析出,尺寸范围为30~40nm.     

01420铝锂合金的粒子激发再结晶形核

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜观察,研究01420铝锂合金的第二相粒子对激发再结晶形核和晶粒大小的影响。研究结果表明:在300℃时随着时效时间的延长,基体析出直径大于0．80μm的第二相粒子的密度逐渐增大,在48 h时达到峰值;轧制变形时,在这些粒严周围形成的强烈变形区是再结晶晶粒的形核位置。时效后析出的大尺寸粒子为S(Al2MgLi)相和β(Mg2Al3)相,其中大多数为S相,而该质点脆性极大,在轧制时破碎成小粒子,很难起到粒子激发形核的作用,时效后析出的大尺寸质点(直径大于0．8μm)密度约为再结晶晶粒密度的20倍。01420铝锂合金经470℃／2h固溶处理、300℃／48 h时效、81％轧制变形及500℃／10 min再结晶退火后,得到的平均晶粒尺寸约为10μm。     

X100管线钢的组织性能

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等研究了X100管线钢的力学性能、显微组织、晶粒取向及析出物.实验结果表明,采用控轧控冷两阶段轧制工艺轧制出实验钢平均屈服强度达到724 MPa,屈强比0.87,夏比冲击功在-60℃仍有255J,韧脆转变温度在-60℃以下.平均有效晶粒尺寸为2.43μm,大角度晶界占78.8%,尺寸在10 nm左右的析出物与位错相互缠结起到了良好的析出强化作用.     

超快冷工艺对X70管线钢组织的影响

通过热模拟机研究超快冷工艺中冷却速率和终轧温度对X70管线钢组织细化及马氏体/奥氏体小岛的影响.随着冷却速率的增大,铁素体晶粒尺寸减小,M/A岛的体积分数先增大后降低,M/A岛的尺寸变化则相反.提高终轧温度,铁素体晶粒尺寸略微增大,M/A岛的体积分数增加;但在900～940℃范围内,随着终轧温度的升高,试样中M/A岛的体积分数略减小,尺寸增大.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has