基于惯性传感器与WiFi的室内行人轨迹推算

为了实现室内无GPS情况下行人的运动轨迹推算,设计了一种基于智能手机惯性元件和WiFi的室内行人轨迹推算算法.该算法基于粒子滤波,利用手机加速度计和陀螺仪进行步态检测和每步旋转角度推算,并使用了一种基于WiFi强度变化趋势的WiFi地标策略.实验结果显示,使用该算法优化后的行人轨迹收敛,接近真实的运动轨迹.在仅使用惯性传感器和WiFi的情况下,可以有效地控制陀螺仪误差积累,完成固定手机姿态的行人轨迹推算.     

三维惯性传感参数表征下的行人混合步态分类

在行人步态分类研究领域中,传统的基于微机电系统(micro-electro-mechanical system,MEMS)惯性传感器技术的步态分类方法侧重于对行人单一步态模式进行区分,忽略了两个单一步态模式之间的过渡步态模式,从而降低了行人行走过程中走、跑、停等混合步态的分类精度,还会在时间上造成缺失,进而造成行人航迹推算产生不可估量的定位误差.从人体运动学角度出发分析了行人步态特点,同时利用9轴MEMS惯性传感器采集了行人步态原始数据并对其进行剖析,设定了人体三维惯性传感参数,以供后续分类算法使用.为了进一步提高整体混合步态的分类精度,针对朴素贝叶斯算法对相反过渡步态模式区分精度不高的问题,在其基础上通过加窗判断前后两个步态的连续性,完成了行人混合步态的最终分类.验证结果表明,和传统的样本熵与小波能量相结合方法相比,提出的三维惯性传感参数表征下的行人混合步态分类方法,不仅能区分出行人混合步态中的多种单一步态模式和多种过渡步态模式,同时整体分类精度提高了14.46%,从而有效证明了该方法在行人步态分类领域具有良好的理论价值和应用价值.     

基于概率特征的步态识别研究

针对一些步态识别算法的局限性,提出了一种基于概率特征的步态识别算法.该算法利用目标轮廓在某位置出现的概率作为特征,来表征行人的行走习惯和姿态.概率特征分为运动概率特征和静态概率特征,分别表征行人的手臂、腿部等的运动特征以及躯干、体型等的静态特征.以概率为特征可以减小噪声对识别的影响,甚至可以弱化行人在行走过程中,因偶尔的较大手臂摆幅或者较大步伐等异常动作给识别带来的消极影响.该算法在CASIA Gait Database B和SOTON数据库上分别进行了实验并与其他算法做了对比,实验结果表明,算法对室外和室内样本都有很好的识别效果.     

基于峰度系数的行人水平行走步态细化分类算法

步态是人的一种生物特征,在定位导航领域具有重要的研究意义.基于微机电系统(micro-electro-mechanical system,MEMS)惯性传感器技术的行人步态分类方法大多是使用加速度峰值判别法对当前行人步态进行识别.但布朗运动造成的仪器自有噪声及环境等因素的干扰,使得采集到的信号带有许多伪峰值,降低了最终分类结果的精度.针对这一问题,从整体波形角度出发,提出一种基于峰度系数的行人水平行走步态细化分类算法.该算法首先使用快速傅里叶变换将MEMS传感器采集的行人前进方向的步态加速度信号从时域转换到频域,获得频域信号后再对其模值取平方;然后通过傅里叶逆变换回到时域,得到原信号的自放大信号,并除去大部分的伪峰值;最后计算自放大信号的峰度系数,通过对峰度系数值的分析,达到对慢走、走、慢跑进行区分的目的.验证结果表明:该算法的步态识别率达到98.62%;与加速度值-频率功率融合算法相比,整体分类精度提高了7.37%.     

基于量子演化理论的行人检测改进算法

对视频中移动摄像头下的行人检测问题进行了研究,在AdaBoost行人分类算法、支持向量机(SVM)理论和多目标优化原理的基础之上,并结合三者的特点,提出了一种基于量子演化算法的行人检测优化算法。首先,使用传统的AdaBoost算法对行人进行粗粒度的分类,然后使用支持向量机(SVM)设计精度更高的行人检测器。针对SVM的分类器参数多、关系复杂,而且无好的调节准则,根据核函数的构建条件,将实值量子演化算法引入到SVM参数的寻优问题中,对于分类性能采用多目标优化的方法,取得了较好的效果;同时从理论上分析了算法的复杂度。经过实例测试,算法与经典多目标优化算法NSGA-II的相比,改进效果明显。最后的实验说明了算法检测的准确性。     

融合人脸与步态周期模式的行人检测

提出多自由度的多核跟踪MeanShift算法,其在运动人体目标与背景图像的颜色信息较为接近时仍能鲁棒地跟踪.将所提出的跟踪算法用于融合人脸与步态周期模式的行人检测新算法,将闭环的控制思想引入到行人检测中,即通过步态周期和相应的跟踪反馈验证的理论方法来解决行人检测中误报率高的问题;还对行人部分轮廓存在遮挡的情况提供行人检测的新思路,即通过检测人脸来确定检测对象是否是行人,以解决当前行人检测算法检测率低的问题.     

基于多粒度生成对齐网络的行人重识别

针对行人重识别(re-ID)中背景簇、遮挡、视点变化和姿态变化等因素的负面影响,提出了一种新的算法,称为多粒度融合生成对齐网络(MLFGAN).首先,提出身份(Identity,ID)不变的姿态标准化生成对抗网络(IIPN)来生成8种标准姿态的行人图像;然后,通过全局对齐网络实现图像对齐,利用局部对齐网络进行精细化行人...     

基于Hausdorff距离的人体步态识别

现有的步态识别方法对行人轮廓匹配的鲁棒性差，导致识别率不高．文章提出了基于Hausdorff距离的行人步态自动识别方法．首先提取了行人二值轮廓序列；然后采用轮廓参考点分布直方图间的距离、参考点集之间Hausdorff距离度量轮廓形状问的匹配度；继而通过步态的周期性分析选取关键姿态，计算出的关键姿态轮廓集间Hausdorff离结合窗口搜索策略实现了步态的分类和识别．分别在小型CASIA室外步态数据库和大型Soton室内库上进行了实验，提出算法的正确识别率分别可达到91．25％和88．16％．与相关文献的比较分析表明算法是有效的．     

双行人可变形部件模型及其在行人检测中的应用

针对传统行人检测算法在检测靠得很近或相互遮挡的多行人目标时容易出现漏检的问题,分析了可变形部件模型,提出了基于双行人可变形部件模型的行人检测算法.该算法包含模型训练、模型匹配及融合过程,可以获取双行人可变形部件模型.提出了一种对图像进行分区域匹配加融合的新方法.设计了2组试验,对单行人可变形部件模型和双行人可变形部件模型的检测效果进行了对比.结果表明:提出的算法相比其他算法对检测靠得很近和相互遮挡的多行人目标时容易出现的漏检情况有较大的改善,有效降低了漏检率.     

3种实用的人体姿态判定算法研究

在基于姿态的交互式游戏中,经常需要对用户的姿态动作和幅度进行判定,从而让计算机做出正确的响应.本文设计并实现了3种姿态判定算法,第一种算法基于肢体比例实现姿态判定;第二种算法基于四肢端点和身体构造进行姿态判定,第三种算法通过四肢与躯干的角度进行姿态判定.这3种算法在实时性、姿态幅度检测的准确性等方面表现出不同的特点,可以根据系统需求选择使用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to