Sex attractant responses of male oriental fruit moths to a range of component ratios: Pheromone polymorphism

Summary Attraction of maleGrapholitha molesta to different ratios of an attractant blend is not correlated with individuals or behavioural classes optimally responsive to different mixtures.This research was supported by the Rockefeller Foundation and NSF Grant No. GB 38020. We thank Dr.W. W. Averhoff (Univ. of Texas) for access to unpublished material and valuable discussions on the evolutionary role of pheromone polymorphism.     

Comparison of the effects of illumination on the melanophores of intact and eyestalkless fiddler crabs,Uca pugilator,and inhibition of the primary response by cytochalasin B

Summary Approximately 100 times more illumination is required to produce pigment dispersion in the melanophores of eyestalkless fiddler crabs (Uca pugilator) than in the melanophores of intact crabs. The pigment in melanophores of isolated legs will normally disperse in response to irradiation, but this response is inhibited by cytochalasin B.This investigation was supported by a Faculty Research Grant from Western Kentucky University toT. P. Coohill and by Grant No. GB-27497 toM. Fingerman from the National Science Foundation.     

Hybridization in the mexican and 13-lined ground squirrels,Spermophilus mexicanus andSpermophilus tridecemlineatus

Summary Evidence of hybridization between the ground squirrels,Spermophilus tridecemlineatus andS. mexicanus is presented on the basis of chromosomal and protein data. The hybrids produced appear to be completely interfertile. Based on the evidence of hybridization and the recent reestablishment of contact between these two species, they are considered to be semispecies.Supported by Faculty Research Grant No. 34925 from North Texas State University awarded toZimmerman.     

Solid phase synthesis and some pharmacological properties of 8-glutamine-oxytocin: a possible intermediate in the evolution of the neurohypophysial hormones

Zusammenfassung Die erstmalige Synthese des Peptidhormons 8-Glutamin-Oxytocin wird beschrieben. Das synthetische Peptid ist mit einem anderen Peptid des Dornhaies von noch ungeklärter Struktur nicht identisch.

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(a) This work was supported in part by a Studentship (to J.W.M.B.) and a Grant (to M.M.) from the Medical Research Council of Canada, an award (to T.C.W.) from the Banting Research Foundation, a National Science Foundation Grant No. GB 4932 and a General Research Support Grant to Columbia University from the National Institutes of Health. (b) An abstract of this work was presented at the 5th Annual Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies, July, 1968; M.Manning, T. C.Wuu, J. W. M.Baxter and W. H.Sawyers, FEBS 1968 Meeting, Prague, Abstr.824, p. 206.     

Location of enzyme loci in chromosomes ofDrosophila willistoni

Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine Karte von 13 Chromosomen-Loci für Strukturgene verschiedener Enzyme vonDrosophila willistoni gegeben. Auf dieser Basis konnten Homologien zwischen den Chromosomenschenkeln vonD. willistoni, D. melanogaster undD. pseudoobscura aufgezeigt werden.

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We thank ProfessorsF. Ayala andTh. Dobzhansky for help and advice. Research supported by grants from the National Research Council for Sciences of Finland, the University of Helsinki, the Alfred Kordelin Foundation and NSF Grant No. GB 20694.     

Gentic control of erythrocyte esterase (Es-1) in the pinon mouse,Peromyscus truei (Shufeldt)

Zusammenfassung Kreuzungsversuche und elektrophoretische Analyse der Erythrocytenesterase bei der MausPeromyscus truei zeigten, dass die Homozygoten je eine Enzymbande mit unterschiedlichen Beweglichkeiten aufweisen, während bei den Heterozygoten beide Enzymbanden vorkommen, was mit der Annahme der Abspaltung von zwei kodominanten Allelen eines einzigen autosomalen Locus übereinstimmt.

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Supported by Faculty Research Grant No. 35064 from North Texas State University awarded toZimmerman.     

The deamino derivatives of [4-threonine]-oxytocin and [4-threonine]-mesotocin; Analogs possessing a surprising spectrum of diminished pharmacological activities

Zusammenfassung Synthese (Merrifield-Methode) und pharmakologische Eigenschaften der Desamino-Derivate von (4-Threonin)-Oxytocin und (4-Threonin)-Mesoxytocin werden beschrieben.

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This work was supported in part by the Medical College of Ohio, a Contract (No. 69-2193) from the Center for Population Research of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Research Grants from the National Science Foundation (No. GB-4932), the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases (No. AM-01940) and a General Research Support Grant to Columbia University from the National Institutes of Health. The authors wish to thank Mrs.Sara Crumm for performing the amino acid analyses and Mrs.Margot Acosta for performing the bioassays. An abstract of part of this work was presented at the 2nd American Peptide Symposium, Cleveland, Ohio, August 1970;M. Manning andW. H. Sawyer,Peptides (Ed.Saul Lande, Gordon and Breach, New York 1971), in press.     

Allantoinase in the marine polychaeteEudistylia vancouveri

Summary Allantoinase, an enzyme in the purine-urea cycle, was found inEudistylia vancouveri (Polychaeta). The enzyme had a pH optimum at 7.6 TheK _m was 0.012M allantoin, and the Arrhenius energy of activation was 12.6 to 14.6 kcal/mol.Supported by the U. S. National Science Foundation (Institutional Grant) and by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Grant No. T-900204 (WP-175). Publication No. 10 of the Laboratory of Biochemical Ecology; College of Fisheries Contribution No. 458. We thank Dr.Robert L. Fernald for generously making available to us the facilities of the Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, Washington.     

Defensive substances of opilionids

Summary The defensive secretions of 4 species of opilionids were analyzed.Leiobunum ventricosum andHadrobunus maculosus produce 4-methylheptan-3-one, whileL. calcar produces E-4,6-dimethyl-6-octen-3-one.L. longipes produces E-4,6-dimethyl-6-nonen-3-one, a new natural product.Paper No. 51 of the seriesDefensive Mechanisms of Arthropods.Acknowledgments. Partial support by the National Institutes of Health (Grant Nos. AI-12020 and AI-02908 and Fellowship No. 1-F32-CA05139 to T.H.J.) and the National Science Foundation (Grant No. BMS 75-15084) is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr.W. A. Shear for identifying the opilionids.     

Dedekinds „Bunte Bemerkungen“ zu Kroneckers „Grundzüge“

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von M. Kline The work of H. Edwards was supported by part by the U. S. National Science Foundation Grant SOC-7905162 and by the Vaughn Foundation.     

Astaxanthin in the blue oceanic barnacleLepas fascicularis

Zusammenfassung Die blaue Farbe der ozeanischen Cirripedien,Lepas fascicularis, wird als Chromoproteid mit Astaxanthin als Carotinoidkomponente identifiziert.

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These researches are among those supported by Research Grant No. GB-2312 to the senior author from the National Science Foundation. We are indebted also to Dr.W. A. Newman for his help and information concerning the biology of this barnacle.     

Interpretation of the methylene blue reduction test of human plasma and the possible cancer protecting effect of selenium

Zusammenfassung Der früher zur Krebsdiagnose vorgeschlagene Plasma-Methylenblau-Entfärbungstest nachSavignac ² undBlack ³ spricht im wesentlichen auf die Plasma-Selenkonzentration an. Daraus ergeben sich Hinweise für die möglicherweise krebsschützende Wirkung des Selens, die durch statistische Daten gestützt wird.

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This research was supported by Grants of the Academic Senate, University of California, San Diego, and Grant No. GP 28485 X of the National Science Foundation.     

Trehalase: Induction inBacillus cereus

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, dassBacillus cereus die Disaccharid Trehalose fermentieren kann. Die für diese Fermentwirkung benötigte Trehalase wurde durch das Substrat ermöglicht, während Puromycin den Vorgang verhinderte. Dies beweist die Notwendigkeit einer neuen Proteinsynthese.

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Publication No. 1 from the Department of the Biological Sciences of Smith College.

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This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation Grants to A.E.S.G. and by an Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Summer Participant Grant to L.H.C. We thank MissJudith G.Arnold for technical assistance.     

Isolation and structural elucidation of 3,6-dioxo-hexahydro-pyrrolo [1,2-a]-pyrazine from the echinodermLuidia clathrata

Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Isolierung und Charakterisierung der Titelverbindung (Gly-l-Pro Lactam, I) aus dem SeesternLuidia clathrata berichtet. Die Kristallstruktur dieses Dioxopiperazinderivats wurde ermittelt. Der Piperazinring liegt in der Wannen-Konformation vor.

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This investigation was supported by contract No. NIH-71-2308 from Chemotherapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health and by Public Health Service Research Grant No. CA-11451-03 from the National Cancer Institute. The authors also gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation which provided the X-ray diffractometer and mass spectrometer. For the previous contribution of this series seeG. R. Pettit, R. H. Ode andT. B. Harvey, III, Lloydia,36 (1973).     

Solid phase synthesis and some pharmacoogical properties of 4-Ser-8-Gln-Oxytocin (Glumitocin)

Zusammenfassung Eine neue Synthese des Peptidhormons Glumitocin wird beschrieben, in der die Trägermethode vonMerrifield benutzt wird. Einige pharmakologische Daten des Hormons werden mitgeteilt.

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This work was supported in part by a grant from the Medical Research Council of Canada, Banting Research Foundation, National Science Foundation Grant No. GB 4932X and a General Research Support Grant from the National Institutes of Health.     

Seasonal variations in testicular monoamine oxidase in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus)

Résumé Des moinaux familiers (Passer domesticus) et des écureuils (Spermophilus armatus) des montagnes Uinta ont été capturés à différentes époques de l'année et l'activité de laMao a été mesurée dans leurs testicules. Chez les deux espèces l'activité de la MAO était la plus grande lorsque le poids des testicules était le plus élevé et la plus basse avant et après la saison du rut. Chez le moineau, l'augmentation de l'activité de MAO a précédé le développement des testicules.

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We thank the Atomic Energy Commission Grant No. At(11-1)-1602, Utah State University research project No. U-300 and Ecol. Grant No. 19 for their support of this research.R. L. Urry, present address: Division of Urology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, 14642.J. L. Frehn was on sabbatical leave from his present position in the Department of Biology, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, 61761. We thankPhyllis Tayler for her technical help in this investigation.     

Distribution of tritium inWilzbach treated cholesterol

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, dass Cholesterin-H³, nach Behandlung von besonders gereinigtem Handelscholesterin mit Tritium entsprechend der Vorschrift vonWilzbach, bei sechsmal wiederholter Bromierung nachFieser frei von Cholestanol-H³ erhalten wird. In so gereinigtem Cholesterin-H³ ist der schwere Wasserstoff gleichmässig über alle wasserstofftragenden Kohlenstoffatome verteilt.

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This work was supported by an Institutional Grant No. P-108A of the American Cancer Society and by a Grant No. G-7477 of the National Science Foundation. The authors are grateful to Dr.M. Gut of this Institute for theWilzbach treatment of cholesterol.     

Morphine suppression of ethanol withdrawal in mice

Summary The acute administration of morphine, alcohol or dopamine results in a pronounced suppression of the convulsions produced by alcohol in mice. The suppressive action of morphine on alcohol withdrawal in the mouse apparently is not a product of morphine intoxication, but rather to some other specific interaction between alcohol and morphine in the central nervous system. The conclusion suggest that dopamine may play a significant role as a modulator in convulsions produced during alcohol withdrawal.Dr.Kenneth Blum is Associate Professor in Pharmacology at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio and a Career Teacher in Drug Abuse and Alcoholism under a grant number 1-TO1-DA00290-01 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.Acknowledgments. Our thanks are due toB. Wiggins, R. Marin andS. Elston for their excellent technical assistance. Research funded in part by Air Force Grant No. AFOSR-71-2075.     

A method for the detection of chemotaxis in mammalian tissue cells

Summary A new method is described of culture of mammalian tissue cells beneath a solid medium, permitting the assessment of growth-promoting, growth-inhibiting and chemotactic substances.Our thanks are due to Mr.D. S. Leake, who provided the smooth muscle cell suspensions; and to Mr.J. F. Stevenson, for expertise in preparing the medium. This work is supported by the British Heart Foundation, Grant No. 528.     

Epstein-barr virus and inflammatory bowel disease

Zusammenfassung Die Häufigkeit und der Antikörpertiter gegen Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) wurde in Patienten mit Ulkus-Colitis und Crohn's Krankheit, eine granulomatische Abnormalität ähnlich zur Sarkoidose untersucht und normale Häufigkeit und Antikörpertiter gegen EBV bei ihnen gefunden.

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Supported by Research Contract No. NIH-69-2078 within the Special Virus Cancer Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, USPHS, National Institutes of Health Grant No. AM 05126 and the National Foundation for Ileitis and Colitis, Inc., New York, New York.

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Dr.Grotsky is a recipient of a National Institutes of Health Graduate Training Grant in Gastroenterology, No. Am 05126.

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Dr.Hirshaut is a recipient of a National Cancer Institute Grant No. CA 08748 an a grant from the New York Cancer Research Institute.

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Dr.Glade is a recipient of a Research Career Development Award No. A1-46371 of the USPHS.