关于同余式φ(n)σ(n)+1≡0(modn~2)

1974年M. V. Subbaro在[1]中讨论了同余式φ(n)σ_0(n)+2三0(modn).(1)他指出当n为素数时是(1)的解,但对成为(1)的解的合数n,只给出了一些条件。本文将讨论下面两个同余式:     

指数型丢番图方程x4-1=2ynz

研究了指数型丢番图方程x4-1=2ynz(n为正奇数)的非负整数解,证明了(1)x为偶数时仅有平凡解x=2m,y=0,z=1,n=16m4-1;(2)z为偶数时无解;(3)x为奇数且z=1时仅有解为x=2y-2n0±1,y≥4,z=1,n=n0(2y-3n0±1)[2y-2n0(2y-3n0±1)+1],其中n0为正奇数;(4)(y-2,z)≥3或(y-3,z)≥3时无解;(5)n为奇素数时仅有唯一解x=3,y=4,z=1,n=5.     

无向双环网络直径的估计

设h,n是满足条件2≤h＜n/2的两个正整数.无向双环网络G(n,1,h)是一个无向图(V,E),这里顶点集V=Zn={0,1,2….,n-1},边集E={i→i 1(modn),i→i-1(modn),i→i h(modn),i→i-h(modn)|i=0,1,2,…,n-1}.双环网络在并行处理的互连网络与局域通信网络的设计中有着重要的应用.利用G(n,1,h)的直径与平行四边形中格点间距离的关系,我们给出了无向双环网络G(n,1,h)新的直径上界估计.设n=qh r这里0≤r＜h.当q＜r时,我们所给出的上界估计比D.Z.Du等人所给的上界估计精确.     

小m条件下的联结数与分数(k,m)-消去图(英文)

设k,m为整数,其中k≥2,m≥0且k≥{2m-1,若k是奇数,2m-2,若k是偶数.本文证明:若图G满足n4k+1-4(k+1-2m)～(1/2),bind(G)((2k-1)(n-1))/(K(n-2)-2m+2),则G是分数(k,m)-消去图.当k是偶数时,若图G满足n4k+1-4(k+2-2m)～(1/2),bind(G)((2k-1)(n-1))/(K(n-2)-2m+3),则G是分数(k,m)-消去图.同时,本文所给结果在一定意思上是最好的.     

关于不定方程p~n+q~n=q~(n-2)r~2

徐肇玉曾猜测当n≥3时,不定方程:p~n+q~n=q~(n-2)r~2 (1)无正整数解(或条件改弱为n 为奇数或偶数时),同时指出若此问题得到解决将有许多不定方程的无解性迎刃而解。此推测是否为真,现在还不能断言。徐更生对不定方程(1)讨论(2)指出:当n 为偶数时不定方程(1)与Fermat 大定理密切相关。利用现有的Fermat 大定理的结果,对徐肇玉的猜测所能言者,只是当:4≤n(2丨n)≤100000和n(4丨n)≥100000时为真;而当n 为奇数时,还没有什么结果。本文指出:当n=3k(k>1)时,徐肇玉的猜测是正确的;但当n=3时猜测不真,并给出此时不定方程(1)的所有正整数解。     

关于有限群的正规π-补的存在性

主要证明了如下二结果 :(1)假设 3 π并且有限群G的每个非Abel单截段之阶的形如 4n - 1的素因数的个数是偶数 ,则G是π′ 闭的当且仅当G是π 齐次的 ;(2 )假设对于有限群G的任一单截段A B ,|A B|之形如 4n - 1的素因数的个数是偶数并且只要A B PSL(2 ,p) ,p是一个形如 4n 1的素数使得n(2n 1) 0 (mod 5 ) ,那么G是π′ 闭的当且仅当G是π 齐次的 .     

n阶圈图的一些代数性质

分别讨论了n阶无向圈图的关联矩阵和n阶有向圈图的关联矩阵、邻接矩阵的行列式、秩等代数性质,并得到相应的结论:(1)n阶无向圈图的关联矩阵M(C_n)的行列式与秩分别为:|M(C_n)|={2,n为奇数0,n为偶数,R(M(C_n))={n,n为奇数n-1,n为偶数;(2)n阶有向圈图的关联矩阵M(Cn)的行列式与秩分别为:n∈Z,都有|M(C_n)|=0,R(M(C_n))=n-1;(3)n阶有向圈图的邻接矩阵A(C_n)的行列式与秩分别为:|A(Cn)|={1,n为奇数-1,n为偶数,R(A(C_n))=n,n∈Z.     

指数不定方程x2+(3a2+1)m=(4a2+1)n

设a是一个给定的正整数,且4a2 1是一个素数,利用乐茂华和Bugeaud Y关于不定方程x2 (3a2 1)m=(4a2 1)n的解数的深刻结果,得到了该方程具有m为偶数或n为偶数的正整数解x,m,n所需要的条件,进而推出:当a是大于1的奇数时,上述不定方程仅有两个正整数解.     

一个用无理数幂表示整数的公式

设 Q =4l +1 ,l是非负整数 ,a、b是奇偶性相同的整数 ,则对于任意的非负整数 n,　　　　 f ( n) =1Qa +b Q2n+1-a -b Q2n+1　　　　 ( * )都表示整数。特别 ,当 a、b是自然数时 ,f ( n)也是自然数 ;当 a、b是偶数时 ,f ( n)也是偶数。( * )式就是一个用无理数幂表示整数的公式。证 :当 n =0时 ,f ( 0 ) =b,命题成立 ;假设对一切小于 k的自然数 n命题均成立 ,则f ( k) =1Qa +b Q2k+1-a -b Q2k+1=1Qa +b Q2k a +b Q2 -a -b Q2k a -b Q2=1Qa +b Q2k -a -b Q2k a +b Q2 +a -b Q2　 -1Qa +b Q2k a -b Q2 -a -b Q2k a +b Q2=af ( k -1 ) …     

一类围长为3的单圈图的加边问题

用F(U3,n-2,1)表示围长为3、顶点数为n的单圈添加1条边后其变更图的最小直径.本文证明了当n为偶数时,其最小直径为n/2-1;当n为奇数时,其最小直径为「n/2」.该结论改进了已有结果,为进一步研究奠定了基础.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with