紫色甘薯色素分布的多样性

采用色价法对紫色甘薯和普通白心甘薯共14个品种(品系)的色素含量和分布进行了检测和比较.结果表明:在不同的紫色甘薯品种(品系)中,色素的分布存在明显的差异;同一品种不同器官的色素含量也不相同,块根是紫色甘薯色素积累的主要器官;色素在块根内呈不均匀分布,表现为薯皮、初生形成层和木质部薄壁组织的色素含量不同,木质部薄壁组织内存在白色斑点.紫色甘薯色素在品种(品系)间分布的多样性为开展品种鉴定和遗传育种提供了丰富的种质资源,在器官和组织上分布的多样性为探讨色素合成与调控的细胞和分子机制奠定了试材基础.     

甘薯小象甲成虫对甘薯植株不同部位的选择行为

利用Y型嗅觉仪研究甘薯小象甲成虫对红-1甘薯植株的不同部位的选择行为.结果表明:该虫对块根的选择性最强,选择率达55%以上,对叶片的选择性最弱,选择率仅为约30%.而且雌雄成虫对同一部位的选择性差异不显著,说明在红-1甘薯块根中存在着甘薯小象甲成虫嗜好的挥发性物质.     

短花针茅荒漠草原土壤呼吸对载畜率的响应(英文)

土壤碳通量是陆地生态系统中碳循环的重要组成部分.为了揭示放牧对荒漠草原土壤呼吸速率的影响,我们采取完全随机区组设计比较研究了不同载畜率下草地土壤的呼吸速率.试验包括4个处理,3次重复.4个处理分别是对照(CK)、轻度放牧(LG)、中度放牧(MG)和重度放牧(HG),相应的载畜率分别为0,0.91,1.82 和2.71只羊*hm-2*半年-1.在2004年和2006年8月,采用LI-6400-09土壤呼吸室与LI-6400连接对每个样地的土壤呼吸速率进行了测定,在测定过程中,同时获取了土壤温度及土壤呼吸室中的相对湿度等相关指标.通过对测定数据的分析表明,内蒙古荒漠草原土壤呼吸速率介于0.80 μmol·m-2·s-1与5.00 μmol·m-2·s-1之间.随着载畜率的增加,土壤呼吸速率明显增加(P<0.05).另外,土壤呼吸速率也随着土壤呼吸室中相对湿度的增加而增大,但是二者的相关关系不太明显(P>0.05).经过2年放牧后,重度放牧条件下的土壤呼吸速率明显低于对照区和轻度放牧区,不同载畜率下土壤呼吸速率随时间的变化并没有明显的差异.高载畜率下土壤呼吸速率明显降低可能与该条件下土壤水分和草地生物量的明显降低有关,土壤水分对土壤和大气之间CO2的交换起着非常重要的作用.     

萝卜贮藏期间蛋白水解酶及磷酸酶同工酶谱研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分离在不同贮藏期三个品种的萝卜块根的蛋白水解酶及磷酸酶后 ,用特异染色方法检测酶活性及同工酶谱变化 ,实验结果表明 :在不同贮藏期的同一品种萝卜及同一贮藏期的不同品种萝卜之间蛋白水解酶同工酶谱变化较大 ,最适pH均为 7.0 ;酸性磷酸酶同工酶谱也有较大变化 ,碱性磷酸酶谱缺失。萝卜贮藏期存在活跃的蛋白水解酶及磷酸酶的活动。     

新疆杏品种花育性的调查分析

为了解南疆杏栽培品种花的育性,探索杏败育机理,克服生产中杏败育现象,调查了新疆农科院轮台国家果树资源圃托乎提等10个新疆栽培杏品种的单花花药数、单药花粉数、花粉萌发率和雌蕊败育率。结果表明:1)不同杏品种间单花花药数存在一定的差异,其中托乎提的单花花药数最高,为32.72粒/花,黄胡安娜的单花花药数最低,为28.88粒/花;2)同一品种不同部位的单药花粉量差异不显著,而不同品种间的单药花粉数存在一定的差异。其中,黄胡安娜的单药花粉数极显著高于晚熟杏和奎克皮曼;3)8个杏品种花粉萌发率为4.86%~15.02%,不同品种的花粉萌发率存在一定的差异;4)10个供试杏品种的雌蕊败育率为27.00%~93.00%,其中,托乎提雌蕊败育率最高,为92.87%,洪待克雌蕊败育率最低,为27.15%。不同品种之间雌蕊败育率存在着一定的差异。     

不同抗黑胚病小麦品种接菌后丙二醛和总酚含量及PPO活性的变化

在对6个不同抗性小麦品种穗部接种链格孢菌(Alternaria alternate)前后,分别测定了其多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,丙二醛(MDA)及总酚含量的变化.测定结果表明,接菌后各品种PPO活性均呈现先升后降的趋势,抗病品种在接菌后第3 d PPO活性达到峰值,而感病品种在接菌后第4 d PPO活性才达到峰值;接菌后抗病品种组织中MDA含量变化呈现为先升后降趋势,而感病品种MDA含量表现为先升后缓慢下降然后再度上升;各品种酚类物质含量均在接菌后第2 d达到峰值,然后酚类物质含量开始下降,但感病品种下降速度明显比抗病品种快.     

不同夜温对番茄叶片呼吸及光合启动时间的影响

利用美国LI-COR公司LI-6400型便携式光合仪并配置有关设备,在控温、控光、控CO2条件下,对番茄叶片上半夜呼吸及光合起动时间进行了测定.结果表明,夜温在14℃时番茄幼苗叶片呼吸速率相对较低,并且碳素的运输速度较快;而果期叶片在16℃时表现较低的呼吸速率和较高碳素运输速率.不同夜温处理后,番茄叶片在特定条件下的光合启动时间在30～60min之间,不同时期有一定差异.     

怀地黄不同品种根部特征和有效成分含量比较

以怀地黄6个栽培品种为材料,初步探讨了怀地黄不同品种的根部性状和品质性状.在相同的栽培条件下,测量了怀地黄6个主流栽培品种的块根外观性状,利用石蜡切片法观察并测量不同品种块根的解剖结构,微量元素和梓醇含量的测定分别用荧光光度计和高效液相色谱法.结果表明怀地黄不同品种梓醇含量、单株块根鲜重和块根中木质部的面积都有明显差异,梓醇含量和块根中木质部的比例呈显著正相关.     

光合、呼吸、过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶遗传差异的比较分析(英文)

对 7个香料烟杂种和 3个亲本的光合速率、呼吸速率、酯酶和过氧化物酶同工酶等特性进行比较分析 ,结果表明 :不同遗传型香料在生长不同时期的光合速率、呼吸速率存在较大的差异。遗传型间光合速率在第一阶段的差异比第二阶段大 ,呼吸速率则呈相反的趋势。正反交之间存在差异 ,可能有细胞质效应存在。所有遗传型材料都具有酯酶B1 ,B3,B4,B6等 4个共同谱带 ,差异表现在B2和B5两条谱带上。过氧化物酶的谱带及其带强弱在遗传型间存在差异。     

甘薯“渝苏1号”茎、叶、蔓尖营养成分的分析研究

为了全面确定甘薯新品种“渝苏1号”的品质,我们对其地上部分的茎、叶、蔓尖的营养成分进行了生化分析测定.并与优良品种“徐薯18”、“农大红”相应部分进行比较,有的还与块根比较.结果表明:糖类物质、粗蛋白、氨基酸、维生素C等的含量,品种间茎、叶、蔓尖相应部分比较,除少数成分的含量有差异外,一般差异不大并无明显规律性.但同一品种内茎、叶、蔓尖相比,每个品种还原糖、可溶性糖、总糖的含量,总是茎高于叶,叶又高于尖;粗蛋白和氨基酸的含量,总是蔓尖高于叶,叶又高于茎,而且一般比相应块根的含量高;同时,茎、叶、蔓尖不含半胱氨酸;维生素C的含量,总是叶高于尖,尖又高于茎.至于钙、磷、铁的含量,无论是品种间相应部分比较,或同一品种内茎、叶、蔓尖相比,均无明显规律性,但每个品种茎、叶、蔓尖均含丰富的钙、铁、磷,而且含量比相应块根高.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-