青霉葡萄糖氧化酶的分离纯化及性质研究

从青霉(Penicillium amagasakiense)发酵液中分离纯化葡萄糖氧化酶(简称GOD),通过DEAE-32离子交换柱层析、Sephacryl S-200分子筛凝胶过滤柱层析纯化,获得比活力为472 U/mg电泳单一纯酶制剂,采用SDS-PAGE电泳,表明该酶含有两个同型的亚基,分子量为150 ku.酶学性质研究表明:该酶催化葡萄糖氧化酶反应的最适pH为5.6,最适温度为40℃.酶的热稳定性研究表明:该酶在pH 5.5～8.5区间和温度低于50℃下稳定.金属离子对酶活力的影响表明:Na+、K+、Ca2+、Pb2+、Mn2+等对酶活力基本没有影响;Al3+、Zn2+对酶有一定的激活作用;Ag+、Hg2+、Mg2+、Cd2+、Cu2+、Co2+等对该酶活力有不同程度的抑制作用.该酶以葡萄糖为底物的米氏常数Km值为122.6 mmol/L,Vm为25.52 μmol/(L·min)(pH 7.0,37℃).     

蝾螺β-葡萄糖苷酶性质的初步研究

以海洋蝾螺(TurboPetholatusLinnaeus)内脏为原料,经匀浆、缓冲液抽提、硫酸铵沉淀初步抽提,再经DEAE cellulose(DE 32)、SephadexG 200等柱层析纯化,获得较纯的β 葡萄糖苷酶.本文对β 葡萄糖苷酶的基本性质进行初步研究,结果表明:β 葡萄糖苷酶催化底物pNP G水解的最适pH及最适温度分别为pH5.5和45℃.β 葡萄糖苷酶在pH为4.5～6.5之间稳定.温度30℃以上则逐渐失活.其反应Km为0.076mmol/L(37℃).活化能Ea为15.4kJ/mol.金属离子对酶的作用表明,Cu2 ,Hg2 ,Pb2 有强烈的抑制作用,Fe3 ,Cd2 ,Zn2 浓度小于1.0mmol/L时,抑制较弱,但在浓度大于1.0mmol/L时,抑制明显;Mn2 ,Ca2 在低浓度下对酶活力无明显影响,但在高浓度条件下有较强抑制作用,Mg2 略有激活效应.     

羊心肌乳酸脱氢酶的纯化及性质研究

建立了一种较为简单、高效的羊心肌乳酸脱氢酶的纯化工艺,经硫酸铵分级沉淀及DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析纯化,可以得到纯度较高的乳酸脱氢酶,酶的比活力达106.67 U/mg,纯化倍数达54.7,酶活力总回收率为48.6%.酶学性质的研究表明:其最适反应温度为50℃,最适反应pH值为7.8,在25~45℃条件下能够保持较高的酶活力,60℃后酶活力下降较快.1.0 mmol/L的Mg2 、Fe2 、Ca2 ,0.5 mmol/L的Ca2 对酶活力有促进作用;1.0 mmol/L和0.5 mmol/L的Cu2 和Fe3 ,1.0mmol/L的Ni2 ,0.5 mmol/L的Mg2 和Fe2 对酶活力有抑制作用;Co2 的作用不太明显.     

灰绿曲霉产纤维素酶的研究

灰绿曲霉(Aspergillus glaucus)发酵液通过硫酸铵盐析、Sephadex G-100分子筛、DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换柱和Phenyl Sepharose Fast Flow疏水层析,分离纯化一种外切葡聚糖酶(CBH)和一种内切葡聚糖酶(EG).通过SDS-PAGE和凝胶柱层析法测定分子质量表明:CBH全酶分子质量为71 ku,由两个分子质量为35 ku的同型亚基组成;EG为单体蛋白,全酶分子质量为32 ku.酶学性质研究表明:CBH催化pNPC的最适pH为6.0,最适温度为55 ℃,酶活在pH 5.0～8.0 区间和温度低于55 ℃时稳定;EG催化CMC-Na的最适pH为4.0,最适温度为50 ℃,酶活在pH 3.5～7.5区间和温度低于65 ℃时稳定.Na+、K+、Ba2+、Mg2+以及NO-3和SO2-4对CBH和EG酶活均无影响;Ca2+和Mn2+对CBH有激活作用,Fe2+和Mn2+对EG有激活作用,而Zn2+、Cd2+和Cu2+对CBH和EG均有不同程度的抑制效应.酶动力学分析表明:CBH催化pNPC水解的米氏常数Km值为1.4 mmol/L(pH 6.0,55 ℃),EG催化CMC-Na水解的米氏常数Km值为5.0 mg/mL(pH 4.0,50 ℃).     

固定化乳酸脱氢酶的催化性质研究

研究了固定化乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的制备和催化性质,讨论了戊二醛体积分数、酶的偶联时间、pH值对酶固定化的影响.对游离酶和固定化酶催化性质的研究结果表明:酶促反应最适pH分别为9.2和10.2,最适温度分别为51℃和50℃,米氏常数分别为16.2 mmol/L和0.7 mmol/L.与游离酶相比,固定化酶的活力稳定性更佳,有更好的贮存稳定性和复用性.     

芦荟叶皮β-葡萄糖苷酶的分离纯化及酶学性质

库拉索芦荟叶皮经匀浆、柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液抽提,硫酸铵分级沉淀,DEAE-Sepharose fast flow层析和Superdex-200prep grade层析,获得电泳纯的β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-Glucosidase,BGL).纯化结果是β-葡萄糖苷酶比活力为98.48U/mg,纯化倍数为328.27倍,酶活性回收率为9.87%,全酶分子质量约为69.3kD,亚基分子质量约为69.7kD.酶学性质研究表明:β-葡萄糖苷酶的最适反应温度和最适反应pH值分别为40℃和5.0;在20~30℃及pH4.0~8.0范围内稳定性较好;最适条件下,以pNPG为底物的K_m值为2.21mmol/L,V_(max)为1.381μmol/(min·L).乙醇,抗坏血酸,Mn~(2+),K~+对该酶活性具有激活作用;SDS,Cu~(2+)对该酶活性具有强烈抑制作用;异丙醇,EDTA,尿素,Mg~(2+),Li+对该酶活性影响较小;甲醇对该酶有双重作用.     

牛小肠碱性磷酸酶部分性质研究

摘要：用正丁醇抽提、硫酸铵分级沉淀、EAE-32柱层析和Sephadex G-150 凝胶过滤,从牛小肠中分离纯化出牛小肠碱性磷酸酶（BIAP）.提纯倍数为50.69,比活力为48.87U/mg蛋白.酶液经SDS-PAGE呈现单一条带,且不含DNA核酸酶.该酶催化对硝基苯磷酸二钠（p-NPP）水解反应的最适pH值为9.7,pH小于6.5大于11.5均不稳定;最适温度为45℃,高于50℃不稳定.Km值为0.29mmol/L.45℃,pH9.7时最大反应速度（Vmax）为4.6μmol/(L•min).利用SDS-PAGE测定酶亚基的分子量为66KD. Mg2+、Mn2+和Ca2+对酶有不同程度的激活作用,Zn2+和EDTA对酶有抑制作用。随着Mg2+、Zn2+和EDTA浓度增加,270nm处紫外吸收值增加.     

杜仲磷酸酯酶的分离、纯化及特性分析

从杜仲嫩芽中提取和纯化磷酸酯酶,并对其性质进行了初步研究.粗酶液经盐析、DEAE-Cellulose离子交换柱,Sephadex G-25和Sephadex G-200层析柱进行纯化.该酶的最适pH值为8.0,最适温度为30 ℃,以对硝基酚磷酸酯(NPP)为底物,测得Km为3.10 μmol/L.酶活的变化受金属离子的影响,当Mg2+浓度为10 mmol/L时,对酶的激活作用最强.     

高产芽孢杆菌MS12木聚糖酶发酵条件优化及酶学性质研究

从昆明某磷矿土壤中筛选出一株产木聚糖酶能力较强的菌株——MS12,通过单因素试验初步优化了该菌株的产酶条件.试验结果显示,该菌株最佳产酶培养基为玉米芯粉50 g/L、麸皮40 g/L、NH_4Cl 10 g/L、CaCl_2 5 g/L、NaHPO_42 g/L,pH自然;最佳产酶发酵条件为30℃,180 r/min,装样量30 mL/250 mL三角瓶,震荡培养96 h.经测定,菌株MS12所产木聚糖酶的最适反应温度为65℃,最适反应pH值为7.0,具有较好的pH稳定性. 1 mmol/L Na~+、Ba~(2+)和10 mmol/L Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)对酶活有促进作用,Ag~+对酶活有明显的抑制作用.     

嗜盐淀粉酶产生菌的筛选鉴定及其酶学性质研究

【目的】筛选分离新的嗜盐淀粉酶产生菌,并对其进行酶学性质研究。【方法】从广西大学奶牛厂的奶牛粪便土壤中分离得到一株能产耐盐淀粉酶的菌株,利用16SrRNA序列对比进行鉴定,经破胞提取胞内总蛋白测定嗜盐淀粉酶酶学性质。【结果】经16SrRNA初步鉴定该菌株为阴沟肠杆菌属(Enterobacter cloacae)。该菌株是非嗜盐菌株,却能产生一种胞内嗜盐淀粉酶。酶学性质研究表明该酶在NaCl终浓度为4mol/L时,酶活力最强,当盐浓度为5.5mol/L时,仍能保持最高酶活的60%;以MOPS-NaCl配制的1%可溶性淀粉溶液为底物时,其最适反应温度为50℃,最适pH值为6.5,pH值在4.5~8.5时均能保持60%以上的相对活力;在35~45℃的温度范围内显示较好的稳定性,相对酶活保持在80%以上,但当温度达到50℃时,酶活力急剧下降;Ca2+浓度对酶活力几乎没有影响;EDTA浓度在10~140mmol/L时酶活力变化不大,大于140mmol/L之后,酶活力逐渐下降。【结论】该菌株是在非嗜盐菌株中发现的具有嗜盐淀粉酶基因的菌株,其嗜盐淀粉酶在高盐环境下具有很高的酶活力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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