穿戴式外骨骼康复辅具临床应用现状分析

 穿戴式外骨骼康复辅具是一种可穿戴于人体上的智能化生机电控制系统,该系统通过外骨骼与人体肢体间力-位移的交互实现人机动作的耦合,可辅助人体实现某些特定功能,在临床康复治疗领域具有重要应用前景。上肢外骨骼和下肢外骨骼是目前常见的穿戴式外骨骼。上肢外骨骼包括肩肘手臂外骨骼和手指外骨骼,在康复训练中主要应用于中风后患者肩肘关节及腕手关节运动功能的康复训练。下肢外骨骼能够辅助下肢麻痹患者完成站立及运动,在下肢运动功能的康复治疗方面具有巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了目前常见的穿戴式外骨骼康复辅具的特点及其临床应用现状,并总结了目前国内外可穿戴外骨骼的研究进展。     

助力型下肢外骨骼机器人现状及展望

 助力型下肢外骨骼机器人是模仿人体下肢运动、增强穿戴者运动能力的智能机器人装置,可以在灾难现场救援、野外施工及军事用途等车辆无法通行的环境中发挥作用。通过分析国内外下肢助力型外骨骼机器人的研究现状,指出目前国内研究仍处于理论分析和实验室测试阶段。提出了助力型下肢外骨骼机器人研究的关键技术,并对助力型外骨骼机器人的发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于三维动态捕捉系统和Matlab的穿戴式下肢外骨骼步态分析

使用三维动态捕捉系统获取人体下肢关键点的运动轨迹和三维数据,用Matlab软件分析数据,绘制时间-坐标图形,建立穿戴式下肢外骨骼的三维模型,为进一步研究穿戴式下肢外骨骼奠定基础。     

人体步态分析与负重外骨骼机器人的动力学仿真

分析和识别穿戴者的步态信息,指导负重外骨骼机器人的机械结构设计,使其能够和穿戴者协调同步行走。设计仿人体下肢生物平台,利用传感器系统实时反馈人的步态数据,设计与建立步态数据库,在ADAMS中建立三维离线式仿真系统,结合步态的运动学数据,进行动力学分析,为机械结构的设计和驱动单元的选型提供了理论依据和数据支持。通过负重外骨骼机器人的穿戴测试,表明机械结构设计合理,可以真实反映关节转矩的变化。     

负重型下肢外骨骼机器人机构研究与仿真

设计兼顾人体运动灵活性与有效承载能力的下肢外骨骼机械结构,是负重型下肢外骨骼改善人机协同性、提高承载能力的关键技术之一。针对华东理工大学设计的外骨骼机器人"ELEbot"的结构进行研究并仿真。这种结构能够根据穿戴者步态的变化,引起自身结构的变化,进而改变下肢外骨骼的空间力闭环,使外骨骼满足不同步态下的功能特性。通过Matlab中的simmechanics模块对建立的模型进行仿真分析,得到人体下肢末端的运动空间,并与正常人体的运动空间比较,得出两者匹配的结论,验证了该结构的可行性。     

下肢外骨骼康复机器人人机交互力自适应导纳控制

对于下肢具有残余肌力的下肢瘫痪病人,基于标准步态轨迹被动训练的康复方案无法满足锻炼肌肉的康复训练需求,为此提出了一种人机交互力自适应控制的下肢外骨骼康复机器人控制策略,并设计了可实现康复训练的控制方法。该方法以健康人体行走步态为下肢外骨骼康复机器人的位置控制参考,以穿戴者的自身腿部用力作为力控制约束,根据穿戴者自身腿部力量大小,智能控制和调整步态曲线,以更加适应穿戴者的康复训练需求。仿真试验结果表明,相对于完全被动的康复训练模式,自适应力控制模式能够有效地调整康复过程中人机交互力,可以适应多种不同的康复训练需求,从而大大提高受损患肢运动功能恢复的康复治疗进程,具有实际的应用价值。     

基于接触力信息的可穿戴型下肢助力机器人传感系统研究

为了从人机系统的交互运动信息获取人体下肢的运动意图,从而实现为操作者提供助力的目的,对可穿戴型下肢助力机器人感知系统进行了理论分析和技术实现.在分析整个机器人系统控制所需要的交互信息的基础上,设计了一套基于接触力信息和关节角度信息的多传感器感知系统.该系统主要包括获取腿部接触力传感器、地面反力传感器以及用于获取外骨骼机器人关节运动信息的电机编码器等.相关实验结果表明,所设计的多传感器感知系统性能稳定、实时性好,为可穿戴型下肢助力机器人目标的实现提供了保障.     

下肢外骨骼机器人控制策略分析与展望

针对医疗康复领域,下肢外骨骼机器人控制策略决定了机器人在运行过程中的安全性、稳定性和快速性,从基于模型的控制策略和受生物启发控制策略两方面简述了下肢外骨骼机器人控制策略研究现状,特别对基于行为的机器人控制和中央模式发生器(central pattern generator,CPG)生物控制作了重点介绍。最后分析了下肢外骨骼机器人控制策略研究趋势并提出基于本体感受的反应式行为控制的智能行为技术。     

下肢外骨骼机器人的控制仿真研究

下肢外骨骼机器人是一种复杂的非线性系统,有效控制策略对于人机系统运动的协调一致性至关重要.本文基于外骨骼机器人的动力学分析,提出了下肢外骨骼机器人的控制系统设计,采用模糊PID控制算法,结合ADAMS和MATLAB/Simulink软件,分别以角度误差和关节力矩作为系统输入输出量,对下肢外骨骼机器人的动力学与控制进行联合仿真.仿真结果验证了所提控制算法的有效性,为保证人体与机器人之间的运动协调性和一致性的良好控制提供了理论依据.     

穿戴式下肢外骨骼康复机器人机械设计

本文设计了一种用于下肢功能障碍患者康复治疗的外骨骼机器人。根据外骨骼机器人的功能与工作原理,分析了其结构组成与设计过程中的关键问题。并从仿生学角度为外骨骼机器人配置自由度,设定关节活动范围及连杆尺寸,对机械结构进行了初步分析与优化设计。为进一步的研究、分析、设计工作打下了基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with