横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构受力特征与解析模型

山区桥梁基础不可避免地建立在陡坡上,不稳定斜坡变形或破坏将会对上覆桥跨结构安全造成严重威胁,亟需研究高效、可靠的力学模型。首先,对横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构划分不同特征段,分析其受力特性;其次,考虑桩土相互作用和桩顶变形协调关系并引入边界条件,建立适用于横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构内力及位移的简化模型;第三,综合考虑P-Δ效应及盖/系梁对桩柱受力影响,引入相邻特征段满足的连续条件(即位移、转角、剪力及弯矩连续),建立挠曲微分方程并以MATLAB为平台编制相应计算程序,提出横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构基础内力及位移的幂级数解;最后,将模型结果与有限元计算结果对比,验证模型的可靠性。研究结果表明：本文提出的模型将桥墩与桩基础视为整体,对于多道系梁的结构分析该模型同样适用;模型考虑了横向联系对两桩轴向力和弯矩的分配,可获取横向联系中的横向力;模型不需要假设自由段剪力和迭代计算。随着剩余下滑力增大,结构各特征段前后桩位移和弯矩明显增加;横向联系对桩基位移及内力进行了重新分配,有较强的约束作用,能够较好地改善前后桩受力与变形情况。     

考虑P-Δ效应的陡坡段桥梁双桩结构受力分析

深入分析了陡坡段桥梁桩基受力的P-Δ效应形成机理.依据土压力理论与弹性地基梁理论,通过对坡体剩余下滑力和土体抗力的合理简化,建立了陡坡段桥梁双桩结构体系的桩土相互作用模型.在此基础上,导出不同特征桩段微分方程的幂级数解答,从而提出了一种可考虑P-Δ效应的陡坡段桥梁桩基受力计算方法.与文献算例对比分析表明了该方法的合理性.最后,对双桩结构内力与位移的影响因素及其敏感性进行了探讨,结果表明:前桩P-Δ效应的影响不容忽视,当桩顶荷载水平及地基抗力比例系数相同时,后桩桩身最大弯矩比前桩大,且最大弯矩作用面均位于边坡滑动面附近,陡坡上的桥梁桩基同样具有嵌固深度效应.     

陡横坡处桥墩设计与施工

介绍了兰州至郎木寺高速公路临夏至合作段陡横坡段桥梁桩柱式桥墩设计及施工的方法。     

高陡斜坡上桥梁桩基受力特性及影响因素分析

高陡斜坡上的桥梁桩基,除了承受上部结构荷载外,还将承受山体变形产生的剩余下滑力和桩周岩土体抗力。首先,将上部结构作用简化为桩顶竖向荷载、水平荷载以及偏心弯矩,基于Winkler弹性地基梁理论,建立考虑桩-土-坡相互作用的简化受力模型。进而导出高陡斜坡上桥梁桩基各特征桩段的平衡微分方程,并采用幂级数法对其进行求解,计算结果与文献值吻合较好,说明了幂级数解答的合理性。在此基础上,分析3个主要因素对桩基内力与变形的影响。结果表明:桩顶水平荷载对基桩的力学性能影响较大,高陡斜坡上桥梁桩基的陡坡效应不容忽视,选择合理的桩基直径以及采取可靠的边坡防护措施均能提高基桩抵抗弯矩和变形的能力,这些结论均可为实际工程设计提供参考。     

陡坡段桥梁桩基研究现状及展望

随着我国山区高速公路、铁路建设的高速发展,桥梁桩基建造在陡坡地段的现象日渐增多,且陡坡段桥梁桩基承载机理复杂,故其设计计算逐渐引起广泛关注和重视,成为当前的研究热点之一.在其工程设计中,不仅要考虑桥梁上部结构传递的倾斜偏心荷载,还应考虑桩-坡非对称体系引起的附加土压力以及地基水平抗力折减效应.本文通过对国内外相关领域文...     

斜坡地形高露头挖孔桩水平承载特性试验研究

以某山区斜坡地形220 kv输电线路高露头挖孔桩基础水平荷载现场试验为例,研究斜坡地形高露头挖孔桩基础水平荷载作用下的桩土体系稳定性及承载机理.结果表明:由于斜坡地形边界条件对水平承载性能的影响,高露头挖孔桩基础因埋深有限、嵌固程度低、土体约束作用弱,在水平力和倾覆力矩作用下埋置于斜坡地基的高露头桩基础呈刚性短桩特性,可基于m法计算分析其桩土体系的水平承载特性;桩身水平位移是设计控制因素,基于桩身位移和桩侧土压力的m值计算方法与结果,能够较好地反映试验现象.该成果对斜坡地形高露头挖孔桩水平承载特性的工程设计有一定的参考价值和指导意义.     

基于能量法的陡坡段桥梁基桩屈曲稳定性分析

考虑桩后坡体剩余下滑力的分布规律,以及桩前岩土体水平地基抗力弱化效应对基桩稳定性的影响,建立陡坡段桥梁基桩屈曲稳定分析计算模型。通过建立桩土体系的总势能方程,并运用能量法导得陡坡段桥梁基桩屈曲临界荷载和稳定计算长度解答。以实际工程基桩为例对影响基桩屈曲稳定性的桩身弹性模量、桩径、嵌固深度等因素进行参数分析。研究结果表明:本文计算结果与已有模型试验结果吻合较好,表明本文解答合理。基桩的埋入比、临界长径比及临界嵌固深度对其屈曲稳定性具有显著影响。     

基于有限元极限分析的桩基础荷载下边坡稳定性

为探讨桩基础荷载作用下边坡稳定性变化的一般规律，提出相应的稳定性系数计算方法. 首先，概述有限元极限分析方法，并引入某陡坡段桩基础工程实例，验证了该数值分析方法的合理性；其次，通过对桩顶水平荷载、黏聚力、桩坡相对位置等因素进行归一化处理，给出了不同工况时桩基础荷载下边坡稳定性系数计算方法，并将其以表格形式表示；然后，在探究桩基础荷载下边坡破坏模式的同时，引入荷载影响因子表征桩顶水平荷载对边坡稳定性系数的影响，并提出了桩基础荷载下边坡稳定性系数半理论半经验方法；最后，探讨了桩顶水平荷载、边坡坡比、内摩擦角、黏聚力及桩坡相对位置对边坡稳定性系数的影响. 结果表明边坡稳定性系数与内摩擦角及黏聚力正相关，与桩顶水平荷载负相关.以上分析可为陡坡段桥梁工程设计提供参考，具有一定的理论及工程应用价值.     

竖向荷载对陡岩墩式码头梅花形五桩双向承载特性影响研究

针对竖向荷载变化下的陡岩群桩(梅花形五桩)双向承载工况,采用ABAQUS有限元软件,建模过程考虑陡岩群桩基础施工承载等环节,以及软岩与桩接触非线性影响,构建陡岩梅花形五桩三维模型,计算分析竖向荷载对陡岩墩式码头梅花形五桩双向承载特性的影响.研究表明,竖向荷载对陡岩墩式码头梅花形五桩双向承载特性的影响,与群桩基础的空间效应、群桩桩身嵌固程度、桩前岩体抗力等综合作用相关.其中,R=0°～15°,随着竖向作用力的增加,承台下各桩桩顶的水平位移得到一定的抑制;但竖向作用力过大,承台下各桩桩顶的水平位移会随着其增加而增大;R=30°～45°,竖向作用力对各桩桩顶水平位移的抑制作用不明显,其桩顶水平位移呈缓变-陡增的趋势.R=0°～45°的梅花形五桩,其前排桩竖向承载发挥程度较后排桩大.R=15°～45°,其后排桩水平承载发挥程度较前排桩大.在实际工程中,可根据受力过程中群桩基础力学响应变化等,进行相应加强设计.     

桩筏基础非线性共同作用数值分析

平面壳体单元模拟筏基，用一维杆单元模拟桩体，用广义剪切位移法和有限层法模拟桩的非线性工作性状和桩－土，桩－桩，土－土之间的非线性相互作用，建立了考虑筏板实际刚度的桩筏基础非线性共同作用分析方法。通过算例分析，探讨了筏板刚度，布桩方式等因素对桩基础非线性共同作用的影响规律。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that