条纹斑竹鲨耗氧率的研究

对条纹斑竹鲨耗氧率的昼夜变化进行了研究,并对其在不同水温、不同规格条件下的耗氧率和窒息点进行了测定.结果表明:1)条纹斑竹鲨的耗氧率昼夜变化并不明显,但具有明显的高峰和低谷,低谷值出现在02∶00和09∶00,其平均值为0.110 mg/(g.h),明显低于日平均耗氧率0.213 mg/(g.h);耗氧率高峰期出现在15∶00和21∶00,其平均值为0.462 mg/(g.h),明显高于日平均耗氧率;2)平均体重为99.29 g的条纹斑竹鲨,耗氧量(Yc)和耗氧率(Ycr)随着温度(T)的升高,均呈上升态势,并与水温呈幂函数关系,其关系式分别为:Yc=0.542T1.076,Ycr=2.576T1.335;3)在水温为22.5~24℃条件下,条纹斑竹鲨的耗氧量(Yc)随体重(W)的增大而增大,耗氧率(Ycr)则相反,随体重增加而减小,但与体重均呈幂函数关系,其关系式分别为:Yc=3.148W0.416,Ycr=3.192W-0.587;4)在水温为22.5~24℃时,平均体重在50.00~466.50 g的条纹斑竹鲨,其窒息点范围为0.176~0.608 mg/L,而其窒息点与水温的关系并未显示出规律性.     

斑点叉尾鱼苗阶段耗氧率和窒息点的测定

在实验室内测定 30尾斑点叉尾鱼苗的群体耗氧率和窒息点。鱼苗平均体长 2 .1 1cm,平均体重 0 .1 0 g。试验用水为曝气 2 4 h以上的自来水 ,水的碱度 2 .60 mg N/ L,硬度 1 .1 5mg N/ L,p H值 7.2 ,溶氧 5.86mg/ L。结果表明 ,在水温 2 8.2℃～ 2 8.5℃时的斑点叉尾鱼苗的耗氧率为 0 .52 33mg/ g·h,耗氧量为 0 .0 544毫克 /尾·小时 ,窒息点为 0 .52 2 6mg/L。斑点叉尾的耗氧率呈现出明显的昼夜变化     

中华绒螯蟹亲蟹的标准代谢研究

对中华绒螯蟹亲蟹的耗氧率、二氧化碳排出率及氨氮排泄率进行了测定 ,并研究了亲蟹的能耗率及能源物质的供能比。结果表明 ,体重为 (5 6 .99± 6 .4 2 )g亲蟹 ,在水温 (2 0± 0 .5 )℃时的耗氧率为 (0 .2 77± 0 .0 5 9)mg·g- 1·h- 1,CO2 排出率为 (0 .32 1± 0 .0 78)mg·g- 1·h- 1,氨氮排泄率为(2 .790± 0 .6 43) μg·g- 1·h- 1,能耗率为 (4.2 4± 0 .92 )J·g- 1·h- 1;亲蟹代谢中蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪提供的能量比为 7.4∶4 1.2∶5 1.4 ;其能耗率 (R0 )与体重 (W )呈负相关 ,其关系式为R0 =1.76 32W- 0 .54 0 7。     

月鳢耗氧率与窒息点的初步研究

对月鳢的耗氧率和窒息点进行了初步研究,结果表明: ( 1)无论是水呼吸还是气呼吸,月鳢的耗氧率均随试验鱼个体增大而降低,随水温或气温的升高而升高; ( 2) 月鳢夜间的平均耗氧率略高于白天平均耗氧率; ( 3) 月鳢的窒息点也是随鱼体增大而降低,随水温升高而升高; ( 4) 气呼吸在月鳢的呼吸活动中占有较重要的位置.     

鲑点石斑鱼幼鱼耗氧率的研究

应用测定流水中溶氧量的方法,对鲑点石斑鱼幼鱼耗氧率进行研究,结果表明：鲑点石斑鱼幼鱼耗氧率随水温的升高而升高,鱼平均体重２５ ．６２５ ～２８ ．１１１ ｇ ,水温１７ ．６ ° Ｃ 时,按鱼体重计（ 下同） ,耗氧率为１ ．５１７ μｇ／（ｇ·ｍｉｎ） ;３３ ．４ ° Ｃ 时,耗氧率达７ ．２３０ μｇ／（ｇ·ｍｉｎ） ．水中溶氧量对鲑点石斑鱼耗氧率的影响只在一定的范围内起作用,在水温２６ ．０ ～２７ ．３ ° Ｃ、盐度３３ ．６ 、鱼体重２８９ ．５０ ～３３８ ．９８ ｇ 条件下,溶氧量低于１ ．８ ｍｇ／ Ｌ 时,耗氧率随溶氧量降低而急剧下降;高于１ ．８ ｍｇ／ Ｌ时,耗氧率几乎不受水中溶氧量的影响．溶氧量（ Ｘ） 与号氧率（ Ｙ） 的关系可以用 Ｙ＝ ０ ．１９８ ４ Ｘ３ －１ ．７３４ ８ Ｘ２ ＋ ４ ．８６９ ３ Ｘ－ １ ．５４９ 表示．鲑点石斑鱼的耗氧率有明显的昼夜变化,在水源ｐ Ｈ８ ．１ 、盐度３３ ．６９ 、水温２５ ．８ ° Ｃ 条件下,鱼平均体重２１ ．４１１ ｇ ,１７ ：００ 耗氧率最高,为６ ．１２７ μｇ／（ｇ·ｍｉｎ） ,０９ ：００ 耗氧率最低,为３ ．０５２ μｇ／（ｇ·ｍｉｎ） ．与测定昼夜变化的各项条件相同时,鲑点石斑鱼在安静状     

斑点叉尾鮰鱼苗阶段耗氧率和窒息点的测定

在实验室内测定30尾斑点叉尾Hui鱼苗的群体耗氧率和窒息点,鱼苗平均体长2．11cm,平均体重0．10g,试验用水为曝气24h以上的自来水,水的碱度2．60mgN/L,硬度1．15mgN/L,pH值7．2,溶氧5．86mg/L,结果表明,在水温28．2－28．5度时的斑点叉尾Hui鱼 耗氧率为0．5233mg/g.h,耗量为0．0544毫克／尾．小时,窒息点为0．5226mg/L,斑点叉尾Hui的耗氧率呈现出明显的昼夜变化。     

体重对大鳍鳠力竭性运动后过量耗氧的影响

过量耗氧（EPOC）是衡量动物无氧代谢能力的重要生理指标,为揭示不同体重鱼类在EPOC方面的适应机制,在25℃条件下对体重范围分别为低于20g、20～30g、30～50g和高于50g的大鳍鳠（Mystus macropterus Bleeker）力竭性运动后EPOC进行了测定。结果显示：实验鱼单位体重的静止耗氧率随体重的增加而显著下降（P〈0．05）,分别为2．44、2．25、2．05和1．71mg·min^-1·kg^-1;力竭运动后实验鱼耗氧率迅速上升,然后缓慢回落到一稳定水平;其力竭性运动后耗氧率峰值出现时间随体重的上升而后延,分别为1．31、1．53、1．89和4．50min;其单位体重的耗氧率峰值随体重的增加而显著下降（P〈0．05）,分别为12．36、11．07、10．27和7．20mg·min^-1·kg^-1,该数值分别为处理前的5．36、5．04、5．23和4．22倍;各体重组耗氧率下降到稳定水平的时间分别为20、20、25和20min,在此时间段高于静止耗氧率水平的耗氧量分别为69．25、64．89、62．15和49．07mg。研究表明大鳍鳠无氧代谢能力随体重的增加而上升。     

温度和规格对扁玉螺耗氧率和排氨率的影响

在实验生态条件下 ,研究了温度对不同个体大小扁玉螺耗氧率和排氨率的影响。实验结果表明 ,在实验温度 ( 1 0～ 35℃ )条件下 ,扁玉螺的个体耗氧率 (R′O) [mg/个·h]和个体排氨率 (R′N) [mg/个·h]与软体部干重 (W)呈正相关 ,而耗氧率 (RO) [mg/g·h]、排氨率 (RN) [mg/g·h]与软体部干重呈负相关 ,二者之间均可用幂函数表示 ;扁玉螺的耗氧率和排氨率均随温度的升高而增加 ,但超过 30℃后 ,耗氧率则下降 ,耗氧率 (RO)、排氨率 (RN)与温度之间呈明显的指数函数关系。不同规格扁玉螺的耗氧率和排氨率的比值 (原子数O :N)在 2 0℃时最大。方差分析表明 ,温度、软体部干重对扁玉螺的耗氧率和排氨率有极显著的影响 (P 相似文献   

网箱养殖大黄鱼和美国红鱼的耗氧率与氮排泄率

对个体重20～250 g的大黄鱼和个体重150～1400g的美国红鱼在不同水温(29.7,15.9,9.7,18.3,26.4℃)条件下的耗氧率和氮排泄率进行了测试分析,结果表明:在相同温度条件下,大黄鱼和美国红鱼的耗氧率和氮排泄率取决于鱼体体重,随着体重的增大,耗氧率和氮排泄率降低;而在相同体重条件下,耗氧率和氮排泄率则取决于水温,即随水温的升高,耗氧率和氮排泄率也随之增高.同时还分析了养殖鱼类的自身代谢对水质的影响.     

水温对日本沼虾耗氧率及鳃组织CAT、SOD活力的影响

在pH 7.11±0.07,基准水温24.0±0.2℃条件下,采用静水停食法开展了水温对日本沼虾(体长4.29±0.32 cm,体质量1.80±0.12 g)存活、耗氧率及鳃组织CAT、SOD酶活力的影响实验。结果表明(:1)48 h内水温12.5℃和32.5℃实验组日本沼虾的死亡率均超过50%,而15～30℃范围内的存活率则为100%(;2)水温22.5～27.5℃范围内,日本沼虾昼均、夜均及各观测时段耗氧率均随水温升高而增大(P<0.05),但耗氧高峰时段和耗氧昼夜节律均未发生改变;(3)48 h内,水温22.5℃和25℃实验组日本沼虾鳃组织SOD活力时序变化步调一致且无差异(P<0.05),各时段观测值均低于27.5℃实验组(P<0.05),低谷期较27.5℃实验组后延12 h;(4)水温22.5～27.5℃日本沼虾鳃组织CAT活力在48 h内均较为稳定,且均随水温升高而显著增大(P<0.05)。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that