大肠杆菌ppsA,pckA基因的克隆与串联表达

磷酸烯醇丙酮酸合成酶（ppsA)和磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶（pckA）是糖代谢中心途径中生成磷酸烯醇丙酮酸（PEP）的2个关键酶，在大肠杆菌中分别由ppsA和pckA基因编码，首先用PCR方法从大肠杆菌K12菌株基因组DNA扩增得到了ppsA和pckA基因，并将ppsA,pckA以单独或串联的方式克隆到大肠杆菌表达质粒pλPR上，构建成的质粒pλPR-ppsA,pλPR-pckA,pλPR-ppsA-PckA导入E.coli P2392菌株中表达，结果表明，ppsA,pckA基因的单独表达使宿主细胞的ppsA和pckA酶活力分别提高到5．2和2．5倍，串联表达使宿主细胞PAt和PckA酶活力分别提高到3．1和2．3倍，还使得以PEP为底物合成的3－脱氧α－阿拉伯 酮糖－7－磷酸（DAHP）产量提高到2．1倍，2个基因串联表达比单个基因表达更有利于提高DAHP的产量。     

丙烯酰CoA合成酶在大肠杆菌中的表达及其酶活性表征

以橙色绿屈挠菌（Chloroflexus aurantiacus）dsm636基因组DNA为模板,应用PCR技术扩增并克隆了丙烯酰CoA合成酶（ACS）基因,并连接到表达载体pET-22b(+)质粒上,构建了pET-22b(+)-Acs重组质粒,测序结果100%正确。将重组质粒pET-22b(+) Acs转化到大肠杆菌表达菌株BL21(DE3)中,通过氨苄霉素抗性平板筛选,构建了大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)-pET-22b(+)-Acs基因工程菌。重组菌株经异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳分析,目标条带出现在分子量约160000处,表明丙烯酰CoA合成酶基因在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中成功表达;体外酶活实验证明,所表达的丙烯酰CoA合成酶是具有活性的。     

纳豆激酶基因重组表达载体的构建及其稳定性

利用PCR方法从分泌纳豆激酶的纳豆杆菌基因组DN中扩增纳豆激酶基因,将该基因克隆到表达载体PBV220上,筛选重组子,通过限制性内切酶和PCR技术分析,初步确定该重组子所携外源基因为纳豆激酶基因,用凝块溶解时间法（CLT）测出表达产物具有溶解血栓活性,证明该基因可在大肠杆菌中表达,对重组菌中重组质粒的稳定性进行研究,结果表明质粒的插入对宿主菌的生长没有太大影响,该质粒在宿主菌中具有良好的分离稳定性,但结构稳定性较差,SDS-PAGE分析结果表明基因产物为分泌型,蛋白表达量占菌体蛋白的12%左右。     

鸡腺病毒内蒙古分离株六邻体蛋白基因片段的合成和分子克隆

根据鸡１０型腺病毒以及人２、５、４０、４１型腺病毒、牛３型、鼠１型腺病毒六邻体蛋白基因序列，选择保守区，设计和合成一对引物，以鸡腺病毒内蒙古分离株基因组ＤＮＡ为模板，进行聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）扩增得到预期大小的０．５５ｋｂＤＮＡ片段．将此ＤＮＡ片段克隆于ｐＵＣ１９的ＳｍａＩ位点，筛选重组质粒，进行限制酶切分析和ＰＣＲ检测，得到含有六邻体蛋白基因片段的重组质粒，为进一步开展此病毒分子生物学研究和分子生物学诊断技术的建立创造了条件     

枯草杆菌纤溶酶基因的克隆及表达

为了提高豆豉纤溶酶(DFE)的表达产量,采用PCR方法从高纤溶活性的枯草芽孢杆菌DC12的基因组中扩增获得DFE基因,将含有启动子至3非翻译区的全长1400 bp基因插入大肠杆菌-枯草杆菌穿梭载体pBE3,构建了DFE基因的表达质粒,化学转化枯草杆菌WB800获得了DFE的重组表达菌.试验结果表明:DFE基因在自身启动子驱动下,在蛋白酶缺陷型的枯草杆菌中获得了高活性的分泌表达;重组表达菌株培养30 h后,培养物上清液中的纤溶酶活性最高可达690U/mL.     

人endostatin基因重组逆转录病毒载体的构建及其在NIH3T3细胞中表达

为探讨转人血管内皮抑制基因（endostatin）在转染细胞中的表达，利用逆转录病毒载体构建人endostatin基因的重组质粒，通过脂质体（lipofectamine）将重组质粒导入包装细胞PA317,制备重组病毒液。用重组病毒液感染NIH3T3细胞，经G418筛选获得转入endostatin基因细胞株NIH3T3-endo。同法制备对照细胞株NIH3T3-pLncx.PCR检测NIH3T3-endo细胞基因组，在扩增产物中一份550bp人endostatin基因特异性片段，对照组为阴性。免疫组化测定示仅NIH3T3-endo细胞中有外源性endostatin蛋白的表达，说明人endostatin基因已被成功导入NIH3T3细胞，并获得稳定表达。     

pEGFP-N3-t-PA真核表达质粒的构建及其在成纤维细胞中的表达

目的利用基因工程技术克隆人组织纤溶酶原激活物（t—PA）基因并构建一种能高效、安全表达t—PA的pEGFP—N3-t—PA真核表达重组质粒,为进一步研制转基因动物奠定基础．方法采用高效Trizol试剂快速从黑色素瘤细胞中提取总RNA,RT—PCR获得t—PAcDNA,并将真核表达质粒pEGFP—N3和t—PA基因片段分别双酶切,将回收的pEGFP—N3大片段（4．7kb）与t—PA基因片段（1．1kb）重组．对pEGFP—N3-t—PA质粒进行酶切鉴定和基因测序鉴定．脂质体介导pEGFP—N3-t—PA转染成纤维细胞（NIn313）,并用RT—PCR法从mRNA水平检测t—PA的表达情况,用倒置荧光显微镜检测、分析其在NH 3T3细胞中的表达．结果成功地从黑色素瘤细胞中克隆了t—PA基因,并构建了以pEGFP—N3为载体的真核表达质粒载体,并能在真核细胞中表达、分泌t—PA．结论含t—PA基因真核表达质粒构建成功．     

大肠杆菌caiE基因的克隆与高效表达

用聚合酶链反应（PCR）从大肠杆菌K12s中扩增大肠杆菌肉碱代谢相关酶基因cai E,将其克隆到克隆载体pBluescripy SK中，测序表明：该基因有612bp，与文献报道相比，有10个核苷酸不同，相应的翻译氨基酸有6个相异，将该基因重组到ColE1为复制子，T7为启动子控制下的分泌型表达载体pET-22b( )中，构建表达质粒pETCaiE，重组到载体pACYC184中构建以p15A为复制子，Lac为启动子的表达质粒pACYC-CaiE；重组到载体pWSK129中，构建以pSC101为复制子，T7为启动子的表达质粒pSC-CaiE。上述表达质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3），经1mmol/L异丙基硫代－β－D－半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导后，均可表达，SDS－PAGE分析表明表达蛋白分子质量约26ku，表达量占菌体总蛋白质的比例分别为pETCaiE30%,pACYC-CaiE8%,pSC-CaiE5%。     

AsiaⅠ型口蹄疫病毒基因工程多肽疫苗的构建及其免疫原性分析

为了构建Asia Ⅰ型口蹄疫病毒多肽疫苗,用反转录PCR方法扩增VPI基因并测得该基因的核苷酸序列．将VPI（133AA-163AA）、VP2（1AA～33AA）抗原表位基因分别与卢一半乳糖苷酶基因（简称LacZ＇）3’末端相连构建表达质粒LacZ’-VIP和LacZ’-VP2．化学合成VP1（133AA～163AA）-VP2（1AA～33AA）-VPl（133AA～163AA）串联重复抗原表位DNA,然后分别连接在β-半乳糖苷酶基因和IgG重链恒定区基因的3’末端,构建两种重组表达质粒LacZ’-VPl（133AA--163AA）-VP）2（1AA～33AA）-VP1（133AA-163AA）（命名为pTl）和IgGvPl（133AA～163AA）-VP2（1AA～33AA）-VPl（133AA-163AA）（命名为pT2）．通过Westernblot、血清中和抗体效价测定、T细胞增殖反应及豚鼠抗病毒保护实验分析所构建疫苗的免疫原性及有效性．结果显示pT1、pT2表达的融合蛋白能够诱发豚鼠产生较高的中和抗体及刺激豚鼠T细胞增殖．pT1、pT2两种融合蛋白分别2次免疫豚鼠后,100％的豚鼠能抵抗100 ID50 AsiaⅠ型口蹄疫病毒攻击．pT2融合蛋白1次免疫豚鼠后70％的豚鼠能抵抗100 ID50 AsiaⅠ型口蹄疫病毒攻击．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that