信用价差的度量模型及应用

从衡量信用风险的主要工具信用价差的度量作为切入点,分别利用期权定价和KMV理论建立了信用价差度量的2种模型,并基于诸暨债数据,实证评估了其信用价差。研究结果表明,短期内KMV模型度量信用价差更合适,长期这2种方法都趋近于真实数据,模型可为理性的投资决策提供信息,对刻画公司信用风险发挥积极作用。     

信用价差的动态模型及其在期权定价中的应用

建立了国内企业债券信用价差的动态模型,并利用市场数据进行了实证分析.研究发现,国内企业债券具有明显的均值回复特性.作为模型的应用,本文还导出了信用价差期权的定价公式.     

期权蝶状价差的概率模型分析

期权市场蝶状价差的投资者获益具有随机性。本文探讨了不同蝶状价差投资者的获益概率及其平均损益。     

企业债券信用价差度量多参数优化模型

用多参数利率期限结构模型确定的利率期限结构为输入变量，利用Jarrow简化模型确定信用价差，从而给出一种新的企业债券的信用价差度量多参数集成优化模型。同时选取上海证券交易所多个交易日国债和企业债交易数据，通过遗传算法及两次最小二乘法联合估计得到相对精确的模型参数，由此拟合出企业债券发行主体的信用价差方程。最后选用基准方法作为对比，实证结果表明，以价格为输入变量所得信用价差更符合实际且拟合的模型参数更精确。该方法可以用于度量任何债券的信用价差，具有实用推广价值。     

基于ARMA模型和VAR模型的中国债券市场信用价差预测比较研究

选取上海证券交易所企业债和国债月度数据,利用遗传算法对静态利率期限结构NSM参数模型进行求解,进而拟合较为精确的企业债和国债的利率期限结构,据此计算出企业债的信用价差。数据一部分作为样本内拟合区间,另外一部分作为样本外预测区间以检查模型的预测精度。通过建立自ARMA样本外预测模型和VAR样本外预测模型分别对我国债券市场信用价差进行预测,最后比较两种模型的预测精度。结果表明VAR模型对于信用价差短期预测较为准确,而ARMA模型对于较长期预测较为准确。     

基于ARMA模型和VAR模型的中国债券市场

选取上海证券交易所企业债和国债月度数据,利用遗传算法对静态利率期限结构NSM参数模型进行求解,进而拟合较为精确的企业债和国债的利率期限结构,据此计算出企业债的信用价差。数据一部分作为样本内拟合区间,另外一部分作为样本外预测区间以检查模型的预测精度。通过建立自ARMA样本外预测模型和VAR样本外预测模型分别对我国债券市场信用价差进行预测,最后比较两种模型的预测精度。结果表明VAR模型对于信用价差短期预测较为准确,而ARMA模型对于较长期预测较为准确。     

股票期权信用估值调整的柳树法计算

提出了一种基于柳树状结构快速计算带有错向风险的信用估值调整的算法,并利用信用违约互换价差数据校准违约概率,以几何布朗运动和跳扩散模型下欧式和百慕大股票期权的数值实验为例,表明柳树法与现有方法相比有相同的计算精度,但计算速度更快.     

基于二叉树方法的障碍期权与标准期权价差分析模型

运用二叉树方法建立了障碍期权与标准期权之间的价差分析模型,并分析了影响价差的若干关键因素.结果表明,障碍期权的价值低于对应的标准期权;对于下降敲出看涨期权,若障碍值或行权价越高、有效期越长、标的物的价格越低、其期望收益率越小、波动率越大,则障碍期权与标准期权的价差越大.
关键词：     

多元GARCH模型在国内企业债券波动传递研究中的应用

利用多元GARCH模型研究国内企业债券信用价差的波动传递问题,考察了企业债券信用价差序列的波动持续性和信用价差序列间的波动溢出效应.研究表明,相同或相关产业的企业债券表现出双向的波动溢出效应,而上游产业对下游产业企业债券的波动有显著影响,存在单向的波动溢出效应.     

利率随机情况下采矿权估价的期权方法

由于不考虑资源开采者在运营管理上的灵活性和假定利率不变,收益现值法在评估采矿权时容易低估其价值.为此,基于期权理论,作者建立了利率随机情况下采矿权估价的期权方法,并通过实例对该方法进行了验证.计算结果表明,利率随机情况下采矿权估价的期权方法较收益现值法和利率不变情况下采矿权估价的期权方法均能提高采矿权的价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the