Project for a system for the automation of stellar quantitative spectrography

Riassunto Allo scopo di ridurre il tempo necessario per le lunghe e laboriose operazioni richieste per uno studio quantitativo degli spettri stellari, e di aumentare la precisione delle misure, è stato progettato un microfotometro automatico digitalizzato che perfora su nastro le trasparenze e le corrispondenti posizioni ogni 2µ lungo l'intero spettro. Nel presente lavoro vengono forniti i dettagli costruttivi dello strumento.     

The importance of autoplastically transplanted pituitaries for survival and for regeneration of adultTriturus

Résumé Une hypophyse greffée autoplastiquement dans la chambre antérieure de l'il, dans lemanus ou dans letarsus s'est avérée capable de remplacer l'hypophysein situ dans son action sur la régénération et la survie chez le Triton, à condition que s'établisse une vascularisation satisfaisante du greffon et que la durée de l'expérience ne dépasse pas plusieurs mois.     

Sharpening of knives for ultramicrotomy

Zusammenfassung Die Verfasser beschreiben eine Methode zur Herstellung von Messerschneiden zum Ultramikrotomgebrauch. Das Material des Messers besteht aus rostfreiem Stahl, der aus fast reinem Martensit aufgebaut ist. Das Schärfen wird auf einer speziellen Läppmaschine ausgeführt und umfasst zwei Phasen. Die erste, das Läppen gegen Gusseisen, gibt dem Messer einen Schneidenwinkel von 30°. Die zweite und letzte Schärfungsphase wird mit Spiegelglas ausgeführt und gibt einen Schneidenwinkel von 50°.     

A reliable method for obtaining longitudinal sections of sperms for electron microscopy

Summary A method is presented by which it is possible to obtain a high percentage of longitudinal sections through sperms for electron microscopy. The procedure is described in detail in order to permit easy reproduction.The technical help of Miss A. K. Baer is gratefully acknowledged.     

A rapid method for the purification of octopine dehydrogenase for the determination of cell metabolites

Summary Unlike other NAD⁺-dependent dehydrogenases, octopine dehydrogenase was not bound by blue Sepharose. A rapid 2-step purification procedure (gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 followed by affinity chromatography on blue Sepharose) resulted in a final preparation of octopine dehydrogenase which had a sp. act. of 65 units/mg protein and was free of contaminating NAD⁺-oxidoreductases. This preparation has been used successfully for the estimation of phospho-L-arginine, L-arginine and octopine in perchloric acid extracts.Supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Ga 241/1).     

An adaptor for the beckman spectrophotometer for the reading of chromatograms and electropherograms

Riassunto Viene descritto un accessorio applicabile allo spettrofotometro diBeckman per la lettura di cromatogrammi e di elettroferogrammi. La luce proveniente dallo spettrofotometro viene trasformata, per mezzo di due lenti cilindriche, in una lunga e stretta banda che permette di risolvere anche righe tra loro vicine. Le letture possono essere praticate alla lunghezza d'onda desiderata. Esiste in tali condizioni una relazione diretta tra la quantità di sostanza in esame e l'area sottesa dalla curva ottenuta ponendo in grafico i valori di densità ottica nei vari punti della striscia in esame.     

An approach for the in vitro screening of drugs for activity against leprosy

Summary Slow growing strains of mycobacteria isolated from leprous tissues present a characteristic resistance pattern to antibacterial agents that is comparable to drug sensitivity ofM. leprae in man.The Hansen Chair of Research is a foundation of Le Secours aux Lépreux (Canada) Inc..     

内源淀粉特性比较研究

本文比较了不同内源淀粉粒大小、组成、结构特征的差异,分析了造成差异的生理及组成的分子基础,其结论为直链淀粉脂类复合物及蛋白质含量低,分子间氢键和共价键形成容易,淀粉粒大,溶胀能力强和支键淀粉含量高的淀粉,其淀粉糊胶粘度高溶液稳定性和增稠能力强,是以粘性和增稠力为目的的淀粉原料理想的组成和结构模式。     

Synthetic genes for the elucidation of glycosylation codes for arabinogalactan-proteins and other hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins

Hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) are ubiquitous architectural components of the growing plant cell wall, accounting for as much as 10-20% of the dry weight. HRGPs are implicated in all aspects of plant growth and development, including responses to stress. The HRGP superfamily contains three major groups which represent a continuum of peptide periodicity and hydroxyproline-O-glycosylation. These groups range from the highly periodic and lightly arabinosylated repetitive proline-rich proteins (PRPs), through the crosslinked extensins which are periodic and highly arabinosylated, to the arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) which are the most highly glycosylated and least periodic. The repetitive units are small, often only four- to six-residue-glycosylated modules viewed hypothetically as functional motifs, or glycomodules. The Hyp contiguity hypothesis predicts that Hyp arabinosylation increases with Hyp contiguity and that clustered noncontiguous Hyp residues are sites of arabinogalactan polysaccharide addition in the AGPs and gums. Recent results involving glycosylation site mapping of endogenous HRGPs and HRGP design using synthetic genes have corroborated the hypothesis. The uses of synthetic genes in HRGP glycosylation site mapping and structural/functional analysis are also discussed.     

A new rapid method for collection and preparation of cell suspensions for electrom microscopy

Summary We describe a new rapid and simple method for collection and preparation of cell suspensions for electron microscopy; the cells are prefixed with glutaraldehyde in their culture medium, and are then compacted on a filter disc. Post-fixation in osmium, staining and dehydration are performed by transferring the filter disc and the cell pellet from one solution to the next. The pellet is easily separated from the filter disc just before treatment in propylene oxide. This method preserves the fine structure as well as the classical technique. Advantages are that numerous cells have the same orientation in the sections and that many samples can be taken in a very short time.Acknowledgments. The authors are indebted to Prof. H. Leclerc, Director of I.N.S.E.R.M. laboratory U 146 in which part of this work has been performed, and to Dr J.F. Dubremetz, Dr G. Prensier and Dr P.A. Trinel for their advices.     

A method for determining the maximal stimulus strength for massive stimulation of skeletal muscle

Zusammenfassung Eine Methode zur Bestimmung des zur maximalen, anhaltenden Reizung von Froschmuskeln benötigten Reizstroms wird beschrieben.

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This study was supported in part by USPHS Training Grant No. GM 00439-08. The experimental part of this study was done at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.     

A rapid method for staining thin sections of vestopal W-embedded tissue for light microscopy

Riassunto Viene descritto un metodo di colorazione con tionina e blu di metilene per un controllo, rapido e semplice, al microscopio ottico, di sezioni semifine di tessuti inclusi in Vestopal W.

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This work was supported by grants from the Royal Academy of Science, Stockholm and the Foundation of Helge Ax:son Johnson Stockholm (Sweden).     

高铁客流影响因素及运营战略分析

在高铁运营中,不同座次的消费价格存在明显差别.将高铁的客流OD矩阵根据座次进行客流划分,使客流分属于两类消费行为不同的群体.利用灰色理论的关联度分析分别对于两种客流群体进行敏感因素的定性及定量分析,找出不同消费群体的敏感因素,结果显示高端消费群体更加注重于高铁服务的品质,对服务频次及旅行时间比较敏感,而中端消费群体对出行成本的考虑较多,对旅行距离及票价比较敏感.最后根据分析结果为高铁运营提供几点战略参考.     

日本学术振兴会(JSPS)科学基金资助机制与战略分析

简要概述了日本的科学基金情况,重点分析了日本学术振兴会（JSPS）及其管理的科学基金。日本学术振兴会（JSPS）相当于日本的国家科学基金会,其负责管理的科学研究费补助金是日本政府出资的科学研究基金中资助金额最大、资助范围最广、资助项目数量最多的竞争性科学基金。其对基础研究的资助政策、方向遴选、评审程序、经费分配、管理机制等对其它国家的基础研究政府资助机构具有借鉴和示范意义。介绍了科学研究费补助金资助的研究类型和申请程序,分析了近10年科学研究费补助金的预算及年增长率、近12年科学研究费补助金的项目资助率情况、近5年科学研究费补助金的领域分配与资助情况、2005年科学研究费补助金资助情况等。对科学研究费补助金的基金项目资助战略予以全面分析,对我国相关部门的管理工作有重要参考价值和借鉴意义。     

Significance of fixation procedure for preservation of arteries

Zusammenfassung Die Morphologie der Aortenwand, die Ultrastruktur, des Endothels und der nach Endothelentfernung haftenden Leucocyten wurden am besten erhalten durch Perfusionsfixation mit einem Druck von ca. 80 mm Hg. Demgegenüber führten Immersionsfixation und Fixation in situ durch Auftropfen von aussen zu Einengung des Lumens, wellenförmigen elastischen Lamellen, teilweiser arkadenförmiger Ablösung von Endothelzellen, Kontraktion von Endothelzellen sowie zu Lyse von Leukocyten, die nach Endothelentfernung an der Gefässwand haften.     

Requirement for protein synthesis for the transfer of meiotic induction in a multicellular complex ofBlepharisma

Summary In the ciliateBlepharisma japonicum it is possible to induce meiosis in multicellular homotypic chains. In this work we demonstrate that protein synthesis is required to transfer meiotic activation from one cell to another in a chain.This work was supported by CNR, Programma finalizzato Biologia della Riproduzione.